高分子专业创新创业教育实践及实践基地建设研究

以我们学校高分子工程领域的人才培养模式为样本进行研究,探讨适合工科本科生及研究生培养的创新创业基地建设。通过对比分析国内创新创业实践教学基地建设研究,找出国内实践教学基地建设存在的问题,确定了解决这些问题的方法,从而使工科学生在理论知识和动手能力及创新思维积累方面得到一定的提高。培养出的本科生及研究生就业渠道拓宽。为企业培养了"留得住,用得上"的高分子材料工程实践和创新能力强的应用型高级人才。     

本科生创新实践能力的全过程培养探索——以北京科技大学化学与化学工程系为例

为了培养学生的创新实践能力,制订具有创新实践能力培养特色的本科生培养计划;搭建多种形式的创新实践平台;利用本科生导师制根据学生特点进行个性化培养;鼓励科研成果进课堂、进教材,发挥科研反哺教学的作用;建设一支具有创新实践能力和创新实践指导能力的师资队伍;采用在传授知识的同时培养学生创新意识和实践能力的教学方法;建立了能够考查学生创造性地分析问题、解决问题能力的考核模式。     

探究式教学模式在分析化学综合实验教学中的实践

介绍了中国科学技术大学分析化学实验教学模式的探索和实践。在掌握基本的定量分析操作的基础上,如何提升学生自主探究实验的能力及自主设计实验的高阶创新实验能力是分析化学实验需要达成的教学目标。探究学习是一种以学生基于问题而展开的学习方式,教学中我们采用这样的教学模式能充分调动学生学习的积极性,通过实施这样的教学模式,学生在探究中不断提升了发现问题、分析问题、解决问题的能力,从而达到培养学生创新能力的目的。     

高分子化学与物理实验教学探索与实践

根据东北大学应用化学专业特点,本文对高分子化学与物理实验教学的内容、方法及模式进行了全面的改革和深化。近年来,通过实践"巩固基础,加强综合性、设计性及研究性实验,开展趣味性实验,推广微型化实验,改革实验教学方法及完善实验考核方式"的改革模式表明:这对培养学生的实验动手能力、创新能力、科研能力及节能减排与环保意识等是十分必要的,同时也有利于激发学生的进取心和创造欲望,拓宽学生的思路,及提高学生的实验兴趣、主观能动性以与发现问题、分析问题、解决问题的应用能力。     

新工科背景下高分子材料类人才创新创业能力培养的改革与实践

近年来随着双一流建设的不断发展,高校更加注重对大学生创新创业能力的培养.本文基于新工科建设和工程教育专业认证的要求,以四川大学高分子材料与工程专业为例,通过构建分阶段分层次的培养步骤、全面实施"一条龙、全过程"本科生导师制、打造"本研协同"的专业培养模式以及加强实践能力培养,论述了高分子材料与工程专业学生创新创业能力的...     

基于创新性应用型人才培养的实验教学模式研究与实践

为培养创新性应用型人才,构建了"一中心、两渗透、三提升、四结合"的实验教学模式。总结了该教学模式在高分子化学实验教学中的应用情况,提出了该实验教学模式顺利实施的必要条件。研究表明,通过加强教师队伍、教学资源和交流环境建设,保障了该实验教学模式的顺利实施。该模式应用于高分子化学实验教学实践,有效培养了学生的创新精神和实践应用能力,加快创新性应用型人才培养的步伐。     

多层次高分子专业综合实验教学体系构建与探索

随着新工科教育的不断推广和深入,培养学生自主学习能力、工程实践能力及创新精神,成为目前工科教育中十分迫切和棘手的问题。针对我校高分子材料与工程专业的实验教学中存在的弊端,提出了构建多层次、开放化的专业综合实验教学体系。通过开设专业基础实验、专业综合实验和开放实验构建完整的课程体系;通过"翻转课堂"的授课形式,搭建虚实结合、线上线下有机融合的教学模式;通过多层次、有选择的教学内容满足学生们的知识需求;通过Capstone教学模式培养学生的团队合作能力和创新能力。该教学过程在开展时更贴合企业的项目研发流程,以团队合作的形式展开,更能激发学生的专业兴趣和创新能力,调动学生的学习主动性,加强学生对高分子材料研究的整体认知。     

农业院校研究创新性化学实验的设计——绿色水热法快速制备荧光碳点

结合农业院校特色和应用化学类专业特点,将科研成果转化为实验教学内容,设计"绿色水热法快速制备荧光碳点"的创新性化学实验。通过本实验项目,学生可了解水热法和碳点相关制备方法及表征技术,掌握透射电镜、荧光光谱仪等大型仪器的结构、原理及操作技能,增强学生的基础知识和实验技能;同时将当前的研究热点引入到实验教学中,激发了学生的探究心理与学习热情,开阔了学生视野,有利于培养学生发掘身边可用资源的科研思维和创新实践能力,提高了学生解决实际问题的能力,开启了农业院校研究型创新化学实验教学模式的新思路。     

基于思维能力培养的“香料香精应用”教学改革

以"香料香精应用"教学创新实践为例,从科学设计教学内容和创新教学形态出发,就专业基础课如何将思维能力的培养贯穿在整个理论教学和实验教学的改革过程中,怎样在有效跟踪学生自主学习过程中强化其学习能力及培养思维能力进行了初步探索,就如何通过改革考核模式在公平公正评价学生自主学习效果的同时实现科学评价其学习能力强化程度以及思维能力培养程度进行了研究,并对该课程的理论教学和实验教学改革实践及化妆品专业人才培养方式的创新进行了总结。     

开放实验教学的探索及改进——高分子材料与工程专业

开放实验教学是培养与提高学生综合能力的重要手段。为了满足社会对高分子材料与工程专业人才的需求,提高学生分析问题和解决问题的能力,建立了验证型、综合型、设计性多层次开放实验体系。论文对高分子材料与工程专业开放实验模式和创新人才培养方面进行了探讨,在实践过程中发现需要解决的问题,为此提出相应的改进方法。经过教学实践发现开放实验教学有利于完善学生的知识结构,有效地提高学生的实践能力和创新能力。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.