K2O助剂对合成碳酸二甲酯用Cu/Ni/ZrO2-SiO2催化剂的吸附和催化性能的影响

 用等体积浸渍法制备了ZrO2－SiO2（ZrSiO）表面复合氧化物负载的Cu－Ni催化剂,并用IR,TPR,TPD及微反技术考察了K2O助剂对CO2和CH3OH在Cu－Ni／ZrSiO催化剂表面上的吸附及合成碳酸二甲酯（DMC）反应性能的影响．结果表明：加入K2O助剂使CO2在催化剂表面上的吸附增强,当n（K）／n（Cu＋Ni）＝15％时,CO2在催化剂表面上吸附后生成K2CO3;CH3OH在催化剂表面上的解离吸附态（CH3O－和H＋）的吸附减弱;CO2和CH3OH在Cu－Ni／ZrSiO催化剂表面上反应的主要产物为DMC,H2O,CO和CH2O;随着K2O助剂的加入,反应转化率及DMC选择性提高,副产物（CO和CH2O）的选择性下降．根据实验结果,探讨了K2O对催化剂表面活性中心电荷分布的影响．     

不同方法制备的Ni／ZrO2-CeO2-Al2O3催化剂对CH4-CO2重整反应的催化性能

 采用水热合成法、溶胶凝胶法和共沉淀－负载法制备了相同NiO含量的Ni／ZrO2－CeO2－Al2O3催化剂，考察了它们在CH4－CO2重整反应中的催化性能及稳定性，测定了积碳量．用CO2程序升温脱附方法测试了它们的CO2吸附性能，用H2程序升温脱附方法测试了表面Ni的分散度．结果表明，随温度升高，CH4和CO2转化率降低的顺序是：溶胶凝胶法≈共沉淀－负载法＞水热合成法，并且反应产物中n（CO）／n（H2）比随温度升高而降低．水热法和共沉淀－负载法制备的催化剂稳定性好，且前者的活性比后者高；溶胶凝胶法制得的催化剂活性较高，但易失活．积碳量大小顺序是：水热法＞溶胶凝胶法＞共沉淀－负载法．与其他方法制备的催化剂相比，水热法制备的催化剂对CO2的吸附量更大，\r\n而且积碳主要存在于载体上，从而保证了催化剂的稳定性．     

异戊二烯催化脱氢环氧化的研究

 合成了钼－乙酰丙酮配合物，并进行了表征，确定了其组成为M\r\noO2（acac）2．以MoO2（acac）2为催化剂，以过氧化氢为氧化剂，对\r\n异戊二烯一步脱氢环氧化制3－甲基呋喃反应进行了研究．考察了反应\r\n条件（催化剂用量、反应底物之比、温度、时间、溶剂和助剂等）对该\r\n反应的影响．结果表明，在n（cat）∶n（CH2∶C（CH3）CH∶CH2）∶\r\nn（H2O2）＝1∶100∶100，θ＝40℃，t＝6h的反应条件下，异戊二烯\r\n转化率为70．8％，3－甲基呋喃选择性为54．8％．提出了异戊二烯脱\r\n氢环氧化可能的反应机理．     

Ni含量及预硫化对NiW/γ-Al2O3催化剂上噻吩加氢脱硫反应活性的影响

 采用连续流动微反装置考察了活性组分Ni／（Ni＋W）原子比及\r\n预硫化条件对NiW／γ－Al2O3催化剂噻吩加氢脱硫（HDS）反应活性的\r\n影响．用X射线光电子能谱和电镜微区元素分析方法对硫化态催化剂进\r\n行了表征．结果表明，催化剂的组成、硫化方法、硫化度和反应条件等\r\n都能影响NiW／γ－Al2O3催化剂的HDS反应活性．对于在较低温度（30\r\n0℃）下硫化的催化剂，当反应温度较低（260～290℃）时，最佳Ni／\r\n（Ni＋W）原子比为0．50，而当反应温度较高（330～360℃）时，最佳\r\nNi／（Ni＋W）原子比为0．23．当催化剂在300～450℃下硫化时，其噻\r\n吩HDS反应活性随硫化温度升高而增大，表明硫化度较高的催化剂具有\r\n较高的HDS反应活性．     

氮原子在Ni平坦和缺陷表面上的吸附和振动

 构造了氮－镍相互作用的5－参数Morse势，研究了氮原子在Ni（\r\n100），Ni（110）和Ni（111）平坦表面的吸附和振动，获得了氮原子\r\n在三个低指数表面的吸附位、吸附构型、结合能和本征振动等数据，计\r\n算结果与实验结果非常吻合．同时，与Ni（100）表面对比，系统研究\r\n了氮原子在Ni（510）台阶面的吸附和扩散．计算结果表明，氮原子在\r\n台阶下部形成最稳定的吸附态，台阶对下台面上扩散的氮原子形成捕获\r\n势，对上台面上扩散的氮原子形成反射势．     

中孔分子筛HMS负载钴催化剂在费-托合成中的应用:载体HMS的孔径对钴基催化剂性能的影响

 用不同链长度的十二胺，十四胺，十六胺和十八胺等伯胺为模板\r\n剂合成了具有不同孔径大小的HMS中孔分子筛．XRD和低温氮吸附测定表\r\n明，HMS具有典型的中孔分子筛特征，且其孔径大小随HMS合成中所用模\r\n板剂链长度的增加而增加．以HMS为载体，采用孔体积浸渍法制备了负\r\n载量为7．5％的钴催化剂，在接近工业试验条件下（n（H2）／n（CO）\r\n＝2．1，GHSV＝500h－1，p＝2．0MPa，θ＝227℃）考察了载体孔径大\r\n小对费－托合成反应性能的影响．结果表明，与常规的SiO2载体相比，\r\nHMS负载钴催化剂具有更高的催化活性和C5＋选择性；而且，CO转化率\r\n，C5＋选择性及产物中的蜡油比均随着HMS载体孔径的增大而升高．以\r\n7．5％Co／HMS－18为催化剂，CO转化率为78．0％，C5＋选择性为80．\r\n8％，蜡油比为11．1．     

稀土改性Pd/Al2O3催化剂的性能:甲醇分解的活性和选择性

用稀土金属氧化物CeO2和La2O3改性γ-Al2O3担载Pd制备了一系列甲醇分解催化剂，并考察了Pd盐前驱体（氯盐或硝酸盐），稀土种类（镧或／和铈），经的含量（0％－30％），浸渍方法（顺序浸渍或共浸渍）地催化剂性能的影响。结果表明：CeO2能提高Pd/Al2O3催化剂的甲醇分解活性，La2O3能提高催化剂的CO和H2选择性，而CeO2和La2O3在γ-Al2O3上对Pd的催化性能表现出一种协同作用。在10％的La2O3和22％的CeO2共同改性的催化剂上，250℃，甲醇液体空速1.8h^-1条件下反应甲醇转化率达到91．4％，CO（H2）的选择性几乎为100％。     

丙烯选择氧化反应中钼基催化剂动态结构的研究

 用原位共焦显微拉曼光谱技术考察了丙烷选择氧化反应中Ag－M\r\no－P－O催化剂的结构，讨论了催化剂动态结构的成因及其对催化剂性\r\n能的影响．实验结果表明，在773K和n（C3H8）∶n（O2）∶n（N2）＝\r\n3∶1∶4的反应条件下，Ag－Mo－P－O催化剂中的Mo－O物种可转化为A\r\ngMoO2PO4中的Mo－O物种（多钼酸根），此时催化剂对丙烷选择氧化具\r\n有较高的催化活性．催化剂中Mo－O物种的转化是由MoO3中Mo－O物种和\r\nAgMoO2PO4中Mo－O物种的结构特性决定的．AgMoO2PO4中的Mo－O物种具\r\n有较强的参与MarsvanKrevelen氧化－还原循环的能力，可能是丙烷选\r\n择氧化反应的活性物种．     

甲烷在稀土助剂修饰的Ni/α-Al2O3催化剂上的解离

采用脉冲－色谱法，考察了甲烷在La2O3、CeO2修饰的Ni/α-Al2O3催化剂上的解离，并用TPR、XRD等方法对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明，添加La2O3，能促进甲烷的解离，并可使解离产生的碳保持较高的活性；CeO2的添加对甲烷的解离积炭有一定的抑制作用；La2O3和CeO2均能抑制镍晶粒的聚集。甲烷在Ni基催化剂上的解离，具有一定的结构敏感性。     

复合氧化物催化剂(Cu)CeO2上硝基苯加氢反应的研究

 基于用FT－IR表征H2与硝基苯在催化剂（Cu）CeO2上的吸附和反\r\n应行为，对硝基苯加氢反应进行了研究．结果表明，氢在催化剂表面的\r\n吸附主要为解离吸附，硝基苯的吸附也主要为化学吸附；两种吸附物种\r\n在催化剂上进行表面反应生成易脱附的苯胺，避免了产物与反应物间的\r\n竞争吸附，有利于反应物完全转化．在（Cu）CeO2催化剂上，硝基苯加\r\n氢反应机理为朗格缪尔－欣谢伍德型，即表面反应为控制步骤．     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.