聚乙二醇型聚氨酯软硬段对其相变储热性能的影响

以不同分子量的聚乙二醇(PEG)为软段,MDI-BDO为硬段,采用两步法溶液聚合合成一种具有固-固相变储热性能的聚氨酯材料.通过DSC,WAXD等测试手段对体系的软硬段结晶性,微相分离,相变可逆性及循环热稳定性进行研究,结果表明,聚氨酯中硬段的存在对软段结晶有着很大的影响,当软段分子量达到2000或以上时,软段才具有较大的结晶度和熔融相变焓,且硬段含量必须高于一定值才能形成较为完善的物理交联网络以保证材料在发生相变时维持固体状态.同时符合这两个条件的试样能具有较好的固-固相变储热性能.就软段PEG含量及分子量对材料储热性能的影响进行了研究,通过调节软段含量与分子量得到一系列具有不同相变焓和相变温度的聚氨酯固-固相变储热材料.经测试还发现,该材料具备很好的相变可逆性和循环热稳定性,是一类很有开发前景的相变储热材料.     

六羟基化合物为骨架的高分子固-固相变材料的合成与性能

分别使用三种含6个羟基的化合物(山梨醇、双季戊四醇和肌醇)作为分子骨架,聚乙二醇(PEG)作为相变功能链,4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)为交联剂,合成了3种具有不同交联结构的新型固-固相变储能材料。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT IR)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、偏光显微镜(POM)、示差扫描量热法(DSC)和热重量分析法(TG)分别对合成材料的分子结构、结晶性能、相变行为和热稳定性进行了研究。结果显示,所制备的材料在30~70℃温度范围内具有典型的固-固相变特性,其升温和冷却过程的相变焓最高可达107.5J/g和102.9J/g。此外,通过热重分析发现所合成材料具有较好的可重复使用性和热稳定性。因此,合成的新型固-固相变材料在热能储存和控温领域具有巨大的应用潜力。     

PEG-沸石固-固相变材料的制备及性能

摘要：采用接枝共聚法合成了以聚乙二醇（PEG）为相变物质,沸石为骨架的PEG沸石固-固相变材料。通过红外光谱（FT—IR）、热失重分析（TGA）和差示扫描量热法（DSC）等测试手段对PEG-沸石固-固相变材料的结构、相变行为及热稳定性进行了研究。结果表明：通过改变PEG的分子量,可以得到不同相变焓和不同相变温度的PEG-沸石固-固相变材料,其相变焓可达105．41J／g,热稳定性良好,起始分解温度高于300℃。     

聚乙二醇/二醋酸纤维素相变材料的组成与储能性能间的关系

以刚性的二醋酸纤维素 (CDA)链为骨架 ,接枝上聚乙二醇 (PEG)柔性链段 ,可得到一种具有固固相变性能的网状储能材料 .利用该材料的PEG支链从结晶态到无定形态间的相转变 ,可以实现储能和释能的目的 .具体研究了PEG的百分含量及PEG的分子量对材料储能性能的影响 .研究结果表明 ,通过改变PEG的百分含量与PEG的分子量 ,可以得到不同相变焓和不同相变温度的材料     

导热增强聚乙二醇相变复合材料的制备及其性能

本文以聚乙二醇(PEG)为相变材料,通过添加不同的无机填料,采用熔融共混浇筑方式制备了导热增强型相变复合材料。 通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热常数分析仪、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、红外热成像和热重分析仪研究了所制备复合材料的微观结构、导热性能与相变过程。 研究结果表明,相比于碳酸钙和氧化铝,在相同添加含量下,氮化硼(BN)可有效提高PEG的导热系数,当BN质量分数为40%时,导热系数可达到3.40 W/(m·K);当填料添加量相同时,片状BN和不规则纳米碳酸钙(CaCO₃)比球形氧化铝(Al₂O₃)对PEG具有更加优良的定型效果,在相变过程中,能够更加有效阻隔PEG的流动,保持复合材料的形状稳定性。     

接枝共聚法制备聚乙二醇(PEG)/聚乙烯醇(PVA)高分子固-固相变材料性能研究

用接枝共聚法将具有相变特征的聚乙二醇(PEG)接枝到具有较高熔点的聚乙烯醇(PVA)主链上,得到了系列性能稳定的PEG/PVA高分子固-固相转变材料,用DSC,WAXD和POM对其相变行为及形态结构进行了研究.结果表明,该材料呈现出可逆的固-固相转变特性;其结晶峰值温度和相变焓比纯PEG低,接枝率对相变温度和归一化相变焓影响不大;接枝率只影响结晶与熔融行为,不影响结晶结构.     

α-氨基-α-甲基,1,3-丙二醇从280K到其熔点间的热容和相变

本文用绝热量热计测量了α-氨基-α-甲基-1,3丙二醇从280K到其熔点间的热容和相变, 首次发现该物质在352,89和353,72K处有一个双叉型固-固相变, 并准确测定其熔点为384,08k。双叉型固-固相变和固液相变的相变焓经测定分别为(23,46±0.29)和(2.78±0.05)KJ,mol^-^1提出了"比例分配法", 用以解释两个相变温度极其接运的一级相变的相变焓, 并据此估算组成双叉型相变的两个固-固相变的相变焓分别为(5.00±0.75)和18.46±0.75)KJ,mol-1, 讨论了形成双叉型固一固相变的原因。     

α-氨基-α-甲基,1,3-丙二醇从280K到其熔点间的热容和相变

本文用绝热量热计测量了α-氨基-α-甲基-1,3丙二醇从280K到其熔点间的热容和相变, 首次发现该物质在352,89和353,72K处有一个双叉型固-固相变, 并准确测定其熔点为384,08k。双叉型固-固相变和固液相变的相变焓经测定分别为(23,46±0.29)和(2.78±0.05)KJ,mol^-^1提出了"比例分配法", 用以解释两个相变温度极其接运的一级相变的相变焓, 并据此估算组成双叉型相变的两个固-固相变的相变焓分别为(5.00±0.75)和18.46±0.75)KJ,mol-1, 讨论了形成双叉型固一固相变的原因。     

亲疏水性可控纤维素基相变纤维的制备与性能研究

以棉花为支撑材料,丙烯酰氯(AC)作为中间体,在异相条件下制备纤维素基丙烯酸酯(CA);后利用过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)作为引发剂,通过自由基聚合法接枝疏水性丙烯酸十八酯(A18)、亲水性聚乙二醇单甲醚甲基丙烯酸酯(OEGMA)及其共聚物,制备具有亲疏水性可控的纤维素基固-固相变纤维(solid-solid phase change fibers, SSPCFs)。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、热重分析(TG)和X射线衍射(XRD)对SSPCFs的结构和热性能进行了表征;通过形态稳定性测试研究接枝共聚物在不同温度下的形态;最后对相变纤维进行水接触角测试研究其亲疏水可控性。结果表明：成功将A18和OEGMA接枝到纤维素表面,制备出具有一定储能特性的固-固相变材料;五种CA-g-P(A18-co-OEGMA)共聚物的耐热温度初始分解温度最低为348℃,最高为368℃,均比CA的初始分解温度高,增加了纤维素基产物的热稳定性;通过水接触角测试表面,随着OEGMA含量的增加,接枝共聚物的水接触角逐渐减小,呈现出逐渐亲水的状态。以上结果说明CA-g-P(A18-co-O...     

三甲醇丙烷—季戊四醇固体溶液的热容和相变焓

前曾报道季戊四醇在461.60K有一个固-固相变,其相交含为41.37kJmol~(-1)。但是,作为低温储能材料,该物质的相变温度偏高。从有关固-固相变储能材料的热力学研究中,我们发现三甲醇丙烷-季戊四醇固体溶液具有较低的固-固相变温度。本文测定了三甲醇丙烷-季戊四醇(摩尔比60:40)固体溶液的相变热参数和热容。     

Biodegradable PEO/cellulose‐based solid–solid phase change materials

A series of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) blends with cellulose (CEL) or cellulose derivatives—carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), cellulose acetate (CAC), and cellulose ether (CET)—has been investigated as phase change materials for thermal energy storage. For PEO/CEL blends solid–solid phase transition has been observed in the whole concentration's range; for PEO/CMC and PEO/CET blends solid–solid phase transition has been found for PEO content 25 or 50 and 25 wt%, respectively. Otherwise, solid–liquid phase transition takes place. MTDSC investigations revealed that for PEO/CEL and PEO/CMC blends transition the strongest recrystallization effect (as evidenced by exothermic effect in reversing heat flow) as melting process occurred. FTIR analysis shows a shift of the stretching vibration bands of both the proton‐donor O? H groups from CEL and PEO due to intermolecular hydrogen interactions between the blends' components. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Hyperbranched polyurethane as novel solid-solid phase change material for thermal energy storage

A series of novel hyperbranched polyurethane copolymer (HB-PUPCM) using hyperbranched polyester as chain extender was prepared via a two-step process. The phase transition behaviors and morphology of the HB-PUPCM films were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMA), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and tapping-mode atomic force microscopy (AFM). HB-PUPCM was proven to a good polymeric solid-solid phase change heat storage material.     

Polyethylene glycol grafted cotton as phase change polymer

Thermal storage cotton possessing solid–solid phase change properties was prepared by direct grafting of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on cotton fiber/cloth. Attempt has been made to characterize intermediates so that desired grafting could be obtained. The grafting was done by using urethane linkage and the grafted cotton was found to undergo solid–solid phase transition. The modified cotton was characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ¹³C CPMAS, polarizing optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry respectively. The DSC study revealed quite good storage effect of grafted cotton and the enthalpy of melting was found to be 55–59 J/g with a peak appearing at around 60 °C. During cooling scan, the crystallization peak appeared at around 38 °C. Further, thermogravimetric analysis confirmed good thermal stability up to 300 °C. Appreciable improvement of mechanical properties of cotton has been observed after grafting. The polarizing optical micrograph clearly showed change of morphology after grafting, i.e., the grafted PEG adhering to fiber surface.     

Synthesis and thermal properties of poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile)-graft-polyethylene glycol copolymers as novel solid–solid phase change materials for thermal energy storage

A novel poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile)-graft-polyethylene glycol(SAN-g-PEG) copolymer was synthesized as new solid–solid phase change materials(SSPCMs) by grafting PEG to the main chain of poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile). The chemical structure of the SAN-g-PEG was confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance(1H NMR) spectroscopy techniques. The thermal energy storage properties and the storage durability of the SAN-g-PEG were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). The SAN-g-PEG was endowed with the solid–solid phase transition temperatures within the range of 23–36 8C and the latent heat enthalpy ranged from 66.8 k J/kg to 68.3 k J/kg. Thermal cycling tests revealed that the SAN-g-PEG kept great heat storage durability after 1000 thermal cycles. The thermal stability was evaluated by a thermal gravity analysis(TGA), and the initial decomposition temperature(Td) of SAN-g-PEG is 350 8C, which proves that the SAN-g-PEG possessed good thermal stability.     

Synthesis and properties of bulk-biodegradable phase change materials based on polyethylene glycol for thermal energy storage

The bulk-biodegradable solid–solid phase change materials (SSPCMs) based on phase change polyethylene glycol (PEG) were synthesized by solvent-free polyaddition. On the basis of the fact that the water absorption is up to 800 mass% and that the poly(ethylene oxide) molecular chains can be degraded by microorganisms, the bulk-biodegradable mechanism of SSPCMs was put forward and studied. The X-ray diffraction patterns and the polarizing optical microscopy images show the SSPCMs possess the defective crystal and small grain compared with PEG. The differential scanning calorimetry data demonstrate the melting temperature and enthalpy of the synthesized SSPCMs are, respectively, 41 °C and 128 J g^?1. The bulk-biodegradable SSPCMs have the preeminent thermal reliability and the high thermal stability due to the onset thermal degradation temperature above 302 °C, which will give a good insight into bulk-biodegradable PCM system.     

Synthesis of the polyethylene glycol solid-solid phase change materials with a functionalized graphene oxide for thermal energy storage

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a phase change material possesses three obstacles, such as leakage, low thermal conductivity and low thermal stability. A novel solid-solid phase change material (PCM) based on functionalized graphene oxide (GO), Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was prepared, and the three obstacles of PEG as a PCM was solved in one and the same material. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman and Transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectrometry (TG-IR) were used to study the properties of supporting material and composite PCM (CPCM). The results indicated that the PEG was grafted on the surface of the supporting material; Compared with pure PEG, the latent heat of CPCM with 9.6 wt% supporting material decreased only 5.3%, however, the thermal conductivity of CPCM increased 111% and the heat peak release rate of CPCM decreased 33.4%.