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国外聚乙烯催化工艺研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
聚乙烯(PE)以其性优、价廉的优势,成为通用合成树脂中产量最大的品种,主要包括低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)、以及一些具有特殊性能的专用料树脂。催化剂是聚烯烃工业的核心,通过调控活性中心和改善聚合工艺,提高了催化剂活性,完善了所得聚烯烃的性能,推动了聚乙烯工业的蓬勃发展。研发特殊性能或优异性能聚烯烃树脂的催化剂,是目前聚烯烃领域关注的焦点。本文对近年来国外聚乙烯催化剂的研究进展进行了综述,重点阐述了目前研究开发中的催化工艺,涵盖了Ziegler-Natta催化剂、铬催化剂、茂金属催化剂、过渡金属催化剂以及制备双峰或宽峰分布聚烯烃的复合催化剂等;对各类新型催化剂的制备方法和工艺特点进行了总结,同时指明了相关工艺的研发公司,以便国内相关研究部门借鉴。 相似文献
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在教科书和教学参考书中所介绍的甲醛的制备方法不外乎是,把赤热的铜质螺丝圈多次浸入盛甲醇的试管中;或者使甲醇的蒸气通过装在耐热管中的铜网。第一个方法不大有效,而第二个方法常常由于缺乏耐热管而不能办到;此外,用普通的酒精灯加热耐热管使反应开始是非常困难的。这个可以用普通实验的玻璃管来进行实验,做得简单却一目了然。 相似文献
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介绍了“十五”期间国内合成树脂、合成纤维、合成橡胶等高分子材料生产技术的新进展.聚合工艺技术开发方面,大型化的聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚酯、顺丁橡胶、SBS热塑性弹性体、溶聚丁苯橡胶、丁基橡胶等高分子聚合成套工艺技术相继开发成功,建成了国产化的生产装置.纺丝成套工艺技术开发方面,大容量涤纶短纤、腈纶生产技术亦取得重要进展.合成材料新产品开发方面,合成树脂专用料比例、合成纤维差别化率和合成橡胶新产品比例均有了明显提高.化工新材料方面,在非通用合成树脂,如增粘PET、环氧树脂、聚氨脂,工程塑料,如尼龙6、PBT,以及高性能纤维,如超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、PBO纤维的合成工艺技术开发与新产品开发方面均取得了重要的进展. 相似文献
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基于木质素磺酸钠/聚乙烯亚胺纳滤膜的可行性,制备了ZIF-67改性的木质素磺酸钠/聚乙烯亚胺复合纳滤膜。通过层层自组装技术在聚砜基膜上沉积了ZIF-67改性的聚电解质阴/阳离子层,以不同的料液Mg SO_4、CaCl_2和NaCl为分离体系来探究ZIF-67改性木质素磺酸钠/聚乙烯亚胺复合膜的分离性能,发现本研究制备的ZIF-67改性木质素磺酸钠/聚乙烯亚胺复合膜在不降低截留率的前提下,渗透通量较木质素磺酸钠/聚乙烯亚胺纳滤膜可提高到约原来的两倍。本文运用层层自组装技术制备的ZIF-67改性的新型纳滤膜,可应用于水软化领域且简便可行。 相似文献
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聚合物管主要用于流体压力输送,要求环向强度高,耐应力开裂性能好,使用寿命长。我们借鉴天然管竹子因竹纤维轴向排列使其轴向破裂易,横向破裂难的结构特点,提出形成偏离轴向的增强相结构可以显著提高聚合物管的性能,自行设计研制了新型的聚合物管旋转挤出装置,通过芯棒和口模独立可调的旋转运动与轴向速度可调的挤出/牵引运动的不同组合,形成与常规挤出不同的应力场,并通过管内外壁双冷技术调控聚合物管中温度场,从而在聚合物管中形成和定构不同层次的偏离轴向排列的增强相结构(如取向分子、串晶、原位成纤诱导形成串晶、外加纤维等),大幅度提高聚合物管的环向强度和耐应力开裂性能,如旋转挤出聚乙烯管形成偏离轴向串晶结构,使其环向拉伸强度和裂纹引发时间分别比常规挤出聚乙烯管提高78%和544%。我们还从理论上分析了旋转挤出中聚合物的流变行为,得到其流动速率数学表达式,阐明旋转挤出形成偏离轴向增强相结构的机理。旋转挤出加工为制备高性能聚合物管提供新设备、新技术、新理论。本文简要总结了我们通过旋转挤出制备高性能聚合物管的一些研究工作。 相似文献
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Wenbi Guan 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2013,93(6):679-691
A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl). 相似文献
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多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生,丁孟贤,徐纪平(浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所,杭州,310027)(中国科学院长春应用化学研究所)关键词聚醚酰亚胺,聚酯酰亚胺,膜,透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差,在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后,其... 相似文献
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微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述,包括:微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。 相似文献
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Charles Manzi-Nshuti 《Polymer Degradation and Stability》2007,92(10):1803-1812
In this work, ferrocene- and ferrocenium-containing salts were employed to modify montmorillonite. X-ray measurements show an increase in the interlayer spacing upon clay modification, which means that the larger and more organophilic cations were inserted into the gallery space of montmorillonite. Attempts to prepare nanocomposites of polystyrene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers lead to immiscible systems; the morphology of these systems was elucidated with TEM, XRD and cone calorimetry. The thermal stability of the composites is greater than that of the virgin polymer. 相似文献
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Prof. Inmaculada García‐Moreno Lu Wang Prof. Angel Costela Dr. Jorge Bañuelos Prof. Iñigo López Arbeloa Prof. Yi Xiao 《Chemphyschem》2012,13(17):3923-3931
Herein, we present the synthetic route and the photophysical, electrochemical as well as laser properties of novel red‐emitting boron‐dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) bearing arylethyne moieties. Such functionality is added along the main axis of the chromophore leading to single‐ and double‐substituted derivatives. The relationship between the dye structure and the lasing properties is studied in detail with the help of the photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as quantum mechanical simulations. The asymmetric substitution of the parent dye induces inhomogeneities in the charge distribution, which leads to an overall loss of the fluorescence capacity, mainly in polar media. Such non‐radiative deactivation processes can be softened by decreasing the electron‐donor ability of the substituent or even avoided by symmetrical substitution. Thus, grafting of the arylethyne moieties at the longitudinal axis of the indacene core results in an effective strategy to develop red‐edge BODIPYs with highly efficient and photostable laser emission. 相似文献
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The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of various trisubstituted ureas of the R2UPh type and -thioureas of the R2TUPh type have been studied. The trans—out isomerism in the former and the trans—out—cis isomerism in the latter are discussed from the point of view of steric effect. The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of RPhUPh and RPhTUPh are also examined. The single band appearing in the spectrum of both ureas is characteristic of the cis form; this suggests the existence of phenyl—phenyl interaction (the stacking interaction proposed by Galabov et al. [10]). Behavior of ν(N—H) vibrations at several concentrations is shown to be clearly different in the three forms (trans, out and cis). The presence of the cis form is confirmed by solvent effect experiments. 相似文献
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Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB5型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。 相似文献