高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中防腐剂的研究

采用高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中山梨酸、苯甲酸、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯等6 种防腐剂,用Zorbax ODS柱(150×4.6 mm i.d.,5μm),磷酸二氢钾∶乙腈=90∶10(V/V)为流动相,加入磷酸调pH值为2.0,检测波长254 nm。样品用乙醇水冰乙酸(70∶29.5∶0.5,V/V)提取,回收率为90.8%~105.7%,相对标准偏差为3.1%~8.5%。     

高效液相色谱法测定生物体液中γ-氨基丁酸

研究了邻苯二甲醛柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱法测定血浆和脑脊液中γ-氨基丁酸的含量。色谱条件:色谱柱为Nova-pak C18柱,流动相为50 mmol.L-1的乙酸钠(pH 6.8)、甲醇和四氢呋喃(A:82∶17∶1;B:22∶77∶1,V/V),梯度洗脱。方法的线性范围为0.5~100μmol.L-1,检出限为0.04μmol.L-1。日间和日内测定的精密度分别为1.9%~6.8%和1.6%~5.7%;标准加入回收率在92.7%与96.8%之间。采用上述方法测定正常人和癫痫病患者血浆和脑脊液中γ-氨基丁酸含量,结果令人满意。     

柱前衍生高效液相色谱测定小儿复方氨基酸注射液中氨基酸

建立了高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定小儿复方氨基酸注射液中各种氨基酸含量的方法.采用Kromasil C18(250×4.6 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,以2,4-二硝基氟苯为衍生试剂,梯度洗脱.流动相A为乙腈∶水(50∶50,V/V),流动相B为0.04 mol/L的磷酸二氢钾溶液(pH=6.8);流速为1.0 mL/min;检测波长为360 nm.所测氨基酸的线性范围为0.008～0.2213 mg/mL,平均回收率在97.85%～102.86%之间.     

高效液相色谱法测定九味石灰华散中羟基红花黄色素A和红景天苷的含量

建立了测定中药复方制剂九味石灰华散中羟基红花黄色素A和红景天苷含量的高效液相色谱方法.采用Kromasil C18色谱柱(5μm,250 mm×4.6 mm),以乙腈∶0.1%磷酸溶液(12∶88,V/V)为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,羟基红花黄色素A的检测波长为403 nm,红景天苷的检测波长为275 nm.羟基红花黄色素A和红景天苷分别在0.288~180μg/mL和4.8~1 200μg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系(r值为0.999 8~0.999 9),最低检出限分别为0.03μg/mL和0.5μg/mL(S/N=3),加标回收率分别为95.7%~97.4%和95.9%~98.6%.该方法简便、准确、重现性好,可用于九味石灰华散的质量控制.     

气相色谱/质谱法检测小鼠肌肉组织和血液中羟基多氯联苯

建立了测定小鼠肌肉和血液中3种羟基多氯联苯的气相色谱/质谱联用(GC-MS)方法.经正己烷-乙酸乙酯(1∶ 1, V/V)提取目标化合物后,结合H2SO4去脂,KOH反萃法对提取液进行净化,以双(三甲基硅烷基)三氟乙酰胺-三甲基氯硅烷(BSTFA-TMCS, 99∶ 1, V/V,)为衍生试剂对羟基多氯联苯进行硅烷化衍生后,在SIM模式下进行GC/MS分析.本方法检出限为2μg/kg.在3种添加水平2.0,5.0和20.0 μg/kg下,小鼠肌肉和血液中3种羟基多氯联苯的回收率范围为73.2%～113.2%;相对标准偏差为1.53%～10.4%.本方法可用于小鼠腹腔注射多氯联苯后,体内多氯联苯羟基代谢物的检测.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定杨树中噻虫嗪的残留量

建立了一种高效液相色谱法测定杨树中噻虫嗪(Thiamethoxa) 含量的方法.采用C18柱 (250×4.6 mm),流动相为V(甲醇)∶V(乙腈)∶V(水)＝10∶10∶80 (pH≈3),流速0.8 mL/min,UV检测波长为270 nm,检测限为0.01 mg/L,线性方程为Y=2.15e+006X+1.35e+006,相关系数r=0.9991,方法回收率为91.6%,标准偏差为0.38% (n=6).     

高效液相色谱法测定保健食品中大豆异黄酮含量

建立了高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定保健食品中大豆异黄酮含量的方法,运用二极管阵列检测器(PDA)建立了4种大豆异黄酮D、G、De、Ge的光谱库,测定了D、G、Ge与De响应值之比.采用PDA检测,C18反相柱,以甲醇∶水∶醋酸(HAC)=55∶45∶1(V/V/V)为流动相测定了同一批保健食品美龄营养片中4种大豆异黄酮D、G、De、Ge的含量分别为2.24%、10.82%0、.085%、0.027%,变异系数小于5%,回收率为92.51%～99.30%.该方法快速,精密度及准确度在允许范围内,可作为保健食品中D,G,De,Ge的同时测定方法.     

高效液相色谱法测定冷冻机油中BTPP含量

将正相高效液相色谱法用于冷冻油中抗磨剂(BTPP)含量测定研究,建立了抗磨剂(BTPP)含量的快速分离检测方法.使用氨基键合相分析柱,以二氯甲烷∶正庚烷(80∶20,V/V)二元混合溶剂为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,于262 nm波长处检测.最低检测限为0.026 1%,相关系数在0.999 9以上.BTPP加标回收率为100±3.0%(n=4),日内测定结果的相对标准偏差RSD小于2.0%(n=8),方法快速、准确、重现性好,不需要复杂的样品预处理,实用性强,对环境污染小.     

一种高分子紫外光吸收剂的合成研究

以2-(2-羟基-5-甲基苯基)苯并三唑、聚缩醛和哌嗪为原料,在乙二醇二甲醚溶剂中,经Mannich反应合成1,4-二[2-(2-羟基-5-甲基苯基)苯并三氮唑]哌嗪,确定了较佳缩合工艺条件。考察了物料配比、反应温度和时间对反应收率的影响,并经过正交实验,确定了反应的最佳工艺条件:在乙二醇二甲醚溶剂中,反应温度95℃,反应时间为24 h,n(2-(2-羟基-5-甲基苯基)苯并三唑)/n(HCHO)/n(哌嗪)=1.0∶1.5∶0.7,产品收率为82%,纯度98%(HPLC面积归一化法)。产品结构经IR、MS和1H-NMR表征。     

高效液相色谱法测定营养液中吩嗪酮含量

建立了高效液相色谱法测定营养液中吩嗪酮含量的方法,采用Aichrom Bond-AQ C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇∶水(40∶60,V/V),流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为315 nm.外标法定量,吩嗪酮在1.0～200 mg/L(r=0.9996)的浓度范围内呈线性关系.方法的检出限为0.02 mg/L,回收率为96.0%～99.0%,相对标准偏差为0.20%(n=6).该方法简便、准确、易行,可用于质量控制.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.