UPLC-MS/MS法对动物源性食品中12种大环内酯类抗生素残留的测定

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)法测定动物源性食品中12种大环内酯类抗生素(林可霉素、阿奇霉素、螺旋霉素、替米考星、竹桃霉素、红霉素、泰乐霉素、吉他霉素、罗红霉素、克拉霉素、麦迪霉素、交沙霉素)的方法.样品均质后,用乙腈提取,正己烷净化,无水硫酸钠脱水.乙腈提取液减压浓缩后,氮气流吹干,甲醇溶解定容;采用UPLC-MS/MS电喷雾多反应监测模式检测,基质匹配标准曲线定量.实验结果表明,12种大环内酯化合物在5 ～100 μg/kg范围内线性关系良好,检出限均为5.0 μg/kg,定量下限为10 μg/kg.5种空白基质样品中,10、25、50 μg/kg加标水平的平均回收率为60% ～117%,相对标准偏差均在20%以内.该方法灵敏度高、重复性好,各项技术指标均满足国内外相关法规要求,可用于动物源性食品中12种大环内酯类抗生素残留的检测.     

亲水交互作用-反相二维液相色谱-串联质谱同时测定乳制品中20种抗生素残留

建立了亲水作用-反相二维液相色谱-串联质谱测定乳制品中β-内酰胺、四环素、大环内酯、氨基糖苷、酰胺醇、喹诺酮和磺胺7类20种抗生素残留的方法.样品与C18和CN填料混合,进行基质固相分散萃取,以乙腈和水洗脱,洗脱液旋转蒸发至近干,残渣流动相溶解后分析.对样品前处理条件、色谱流动相、质谱参数进行了优化.各分析物回归方程的相关系数为0.9945 ～0.9998;以定量离子信噪比为3和10时所对应的样品中分析物浓度计算检出限和定量限,分别为0.10 ～ 2.40 μg/kg和0.33 ～ 7.92 μg/kg.奶粉和牛奶中添加水平25 μg/kg的加标回收率分别为72.5％ ～ 97.2％和70.1％ ～96.8％,相对标准偏差为4.2％ ～8.8％和3.7％ ～9.9％.本方法应用于实际样品测定,结果满意.     

食品中多溴联苯醚残留的气相色谱-串联质谱分析方法研究

建立了食品中8种多溴联苯醚(PBDEs) 残留的气相色谱-串联质谱分析方法,初步解析了PBDEs的电子轰击串联质谱(EI MS/MS)图,为各种目标物的准确定性分析提供依据.以BDE-28、BDE-47、BDE-66、BDE-85、BDE-99、BDE-100、BDE-153、BDE-154为研究对象,对EI MS/MS各分析参数进行了优化.用超声提取-酸性硅胶层析柱净化的前处理方法制备样品,当空白样品的加标水平为10.0、25.0 μg/kg时,8种PBDEs的平均加标回收率为82% ～112%,相对标准偏差为3.1% ～15%,方法检出限均低于1.5 μg/kg;8种PBDEs的线性范围为10.0 ～500 μg/kg,相关系数均大于0.994 7.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶和奶粉中6种聚醚类抗生素残留量

建立了用于检测牛奶和奶粉中拉沙洛菌素、莫能菌素、尼日利亚菌素、盐霉素、甲基盐霉素和马杜霉素铵6种聚醚类抗生素残留量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法.用乙腈提取样品中的聚醚类抗生素,提取液经HLB固相萃取柱净化,采用超高效液相色谱分离,以电喷雾离子源正离子多反应监测模式进行质谱分析.6种抗生素在0.5～100.0 μg/L范围内均呈线性,相关系数r>0.99.在空白样品中添加6种聚醚类抗生素的回收率均在74.0%～98.5%之间; 精密度(RSD)4.8%～17.2%.牛奶中6种聚醚类抗生素检出限均为0.2 μg/L;奶粉中6种聚醚类抗生素检出限均为1.6 μg/kg.     

加速溶剂萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测鱼肉中喹诺酮、磺胺与大环内酯类抗生素

建立了加速溶剂萃取(ASE)-高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用法同时检测鱼肉中22种抗生素药物残留的分析方法。样品经ASE提取,HLB固相萃取柱净化后进入高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪分析。对ASE的萃取条件进行优化,并采用XTerraMSC18柱对药物进行分离,以甲醇-乙腈(体积比1∶1)为色谱流动相A,以0.3%(体积分数)甲酸水溶液(含0.1%甲酸铵,pH=2.9)为流动相B。22种喹诺酮、磺胺和大环内酯类抗生素药物在加标水平为20、100μg/L时的回收率分别为72%～120%与66%～114%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)分别为1.9%～16%与0.7%～10%,方法的检出限为0.02～0.6μg/kg。结果显示所建立的方法精密度好,准确度高,可满足同时对鱼肉样品中多种喹诺酮、磺胺和大环内酯类抗生素残留进行定性及定量分析的要求。     

固相萃取-液质联用法同时测定水中的喹诺酮类和磺胺类抗生素

建立了固相萃取-超高效液相色谱三重四级杆质谱联用法同时测定水中痕量的5种喹诺酮类和6种磺胺类抗生素残留的方法,水样经过固相萃取富集后由液相色谱分离、三重四级杆质谱检测。该方法在8 min内完成对11种目标化合物的分析。喹诺酮类抗生素线性范围为0.5～50μg/L,磺胺类抗生素线性范围为1～100μg/L,相关系数均大于0.995,6次空白加标重复测定的相对标准偏差(n=6)为喹诺酮类抗生素5.3%～9.0%,磺胺类抗生素4.7%～10.2%。11种目标化合物的方法检出限在0.04～0.22 ng/L之间,实际样品的加标回收率为62.1%～137%。该方法操作简便,重现性好,可用于地表水中抗生素的检测。     

液相色谱串联质谱同位素稀释法对蜂王浆中10种硝基咪唑类药物残留的检测

建立了液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法(LC-ESIMS/MS)测定蜂王浆中10种硝基咪唑类药物残留的分析方法。蜂王浆样品经甲醇沉淀蛋白质,弱碱性条件下乙酸乙酯提取硝基咪唑类药物残留,Oasis(HLB)和C18固相萃取柱净化后,通过液相色谱-质谱联用技术进行检测(正离子方式,多反应监测模式),采用同位素稀释内标法或外标法进行定量。方法的线性范围为5.0~60μg/kg,相关系数大于0.999,在10、20、50μg/kg加标水平的回收率为70%~105%,相对标准偏差小于12.7%,定量下限均为10μg/kg。该方法定量准确,适用于对蜂王浆中硝基咪唑类药物残留的确证检测。     

固相萃取-液相色谱/质谱联用法测定猪肉中3种多肽类抗生素

建立了猪肉中万古霉素、去甲万古霉素和杆菌肽A 3种多肽类抗生素的正压驱动固相萃取法结合超高效液相色谱串联三重四极杆质谱(UHPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。猪肉样品经提取后正己烷脱脂,采用Pharma FF C_(18)固相萃取小柱正压驱动净化,洗脱液无需浓缩直接进行LCM S/M S分析,使用0.1%甲酸水溶液和乙腈分别作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用溶剂共进样方式分析,ESI正离子模式,前体离子均为双电荷离子,多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,外标法定量。结果表明,3种多肽抗生素采用基质加标曲线定量,在0.5~100μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999,方法定量限为0.40~0.70μg/kg;加标回收率在72.9%~82.0%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.6%~14%。方法适用于猪肉中3种多肽类抗生素的同时测定。     

液相色谱-电喷雾质谱/质谱法测定高温烹制的淀粉类食品中的丙烯酰胺

以C18反相色谱柱为分析柱,以0.1%甲酸水溶液-甲醇(体积比为98∶2)为流动相,采用同位素稀释液相色谱-电喷雾 质谱/质谱(LC-MS/MS)技术对加热淀粉类食品中的丙烯酰胺进行了测定。利用Oasis HLB固相萃取柱对样品进行净化。方 法的线性范围为10～500 μg/L,线性相关系数为0.9995。方法的定性检出限为6 μg/kg,定量检出限为20 μg/kg。高 、中、低3个浓度水平的加标回收率为96.8%~97.4%,相对标准偏差小于10%。     

气相色谱-正化学源-质谱联用技术测定葡萄和葡萄酒中多种唑类杀菌剂的残留量

建立了可用于葡萄和葡萄酒中20种唑类杀菌剂残留量的分散型固相萃取-气相色谱-正化学离子源质谱分析方法.葡萄和葡萄酒样品分别用乙腈(含1%冰醋酸)和乙酸乙酯提取,分散型固相萃取法净化,由气相色谱-正化学离子源质谱分时段选择离子监测技术进行测定与确证,外标法定量.20种农药在50～1000 μg/L范围内线性均良好; 所有农药的方法定量限(LOQ)均低于10 μg/kg;在3个添加水平(10, 20和40 μg/kg)下,所有农药的回收率均处于71.2%～102.2%之间, RSD≤10.6%.     

气相色谱-负化学源质谱法测定蜂蜜和王浆中4种杀虫剂的残留

建立了气相色谱-负化学源质谱（GC-NCI/MS）测定蜂蜜和王浆中4种杀虫剂残留量的方法。蜂蜜样品由乙酸乙酯提取、乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷（PSA）净化,而王浆样品经乙腈-水（1：1,v/v）提取、C18固相萃取柱净化,采用GC-NCI/MS测定,外标法定量。结果表明：在50~500 μg/L范围内4种农药的线性良好;所有农药的LOD在0.12~5.0 μg/kg之间,LOQ在0.40~16.5 μg/kg之间;在10、15、20 μg/kg 3个添加水平下,4种农药的平均回收率在78.2%~110.0%之间,且RSD均小于14%。所有农药的测定均没有出现干扰峰。该方法简单、快速,准确度、精密度和选择性高,抗干扰能力强,可用于蜂蜜和王浆中这4种农药的快速检测。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用测定蜂王浆中的四种硝基呋喃类药物的代谢物

报道了高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用测定蜂王浆中呋喃唑酮、呋喃西林、呋喃妥因和呋喃它酮4种硝基呋喃类药物的代谢物残留的方法。以三氯乙酸作为蜂王浆的蛋白质沉淀剂,同时提供衍生化反应所需的酸性环境;使用4种同位素内标,补偿了衍生化效率、衍生后样品溶液的pH值及光照对定量结果所产生的影响,极大地提高了定量的准确性。实验结果表明,呋喃它酮代谢物的检测下限可以达到0.03 μg/kg,其他3种硝基呋喃类药物的代谢物的检测下限可以达到0.05 μg/kg（S/N大于5）;呋喃它酮代谢物的定量下限可以达到0.20 μg/kg,其他3种硝基呋喃类药物的代谢物的定量下限可以达到0.25 μg/kg（S/N大于10）;线性范围为0.4~20 ng/mL,添加回收率为97.7%~104.8%(内标校正),相对标准偏差（RSD）为2.7%~9.7%。     

Determination of chloramphenicol in royal jelly by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

A liquid chromatographic/tandem mass spectrometric method was developed and validated for the determination of chloramphenicol (CAP) in royal jelly. Royal jelly samples were first denatured with lead acetate solution, and the CAP was extracted with solid-phase extraction before separation by liquid chromatography. A triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer operated in the negative electrospray ionization and selected-reaction monitoring mode was used for the detection of CAP. For method validation, royal jelly samples were fortified at CAP levels between 0.1 and 10.0 microg/kg; at these levels, recovery values (internal standard-corrected) ranged from 93.3 to 105.0%, and the within-laboratory reproducibility (relative standard deviation) was < or = 9.1%. The decision limit was 0.07 microg/kg, and the detection capability was 0.1 microg/kg.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定蜂王浆中7种高风险农药残留

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱（HPLC-MS/MS）同时测定蜂王浆中氟胺氰菊酯、三唑醇、蝇毒磷、吡氟乙草灵、多菌灵、乙基硫菌灵和甲基硫菌灵7种高风险农药残留的分析方法。样品在碱性条件下经乙腈提取,无水硫酸钠脱水后,采用HLB固相萃取小柱富集净化。采用Venusil MP C18色谱柱分离,以0.5 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液（含0.1%（v/v）甲酸）-甲醇（含0.1%（v/v）甲酸）为流动相,梯度洗脱。在电喷雾离子（ESI）源、正离子模式和多反应监测（MRM）模式下采集数据,内标法定量。结果表明,7种高风险农药在5~100 μg/kg范围内线性关系良好,相关系数（r²）为0.9921~0.9996;方法的检出限和定量限分别为0.5~2.0 μg/kg和1.0~5.0 μg/kg。在高、中、低3个添加水平下7种农药的加标回收率为80.5%~101.3%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为3.6%~9.4%。该法操作简单,灵敏度高,准确可靠,能够满足出口蜂王浆农残限量检测的要求。     

New multiresidue method using solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-micro-electron-capture detection for pesticide residues analysis in royal jelly

Royal jelly, one of the most important bee products, can be contaminated with pesticide and/or antibiotic residues resulting from treatments applied either inside beehives or in the agricultural environment. A new multiresidue method was developed and validated for analysis of nine pesticides in royal jelly. Solid-phase extraction RP-C(18) cartridges were used for sample purification and isolation of analytes. Final solution was analyzed with GC and micro-electron-capture detection. Four synthetic acaricides used by beekeepers (bromopropylate, coumaphos, malathion and tau-fluvalinate), and moreover one pyrethroid, two organochlorine, and two organophosphate insecticides were tested. Linearity is demonstrated for the range of 0.0025-1mgkg(-1), with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.99991 to 0.99846, depending on the analyte. Overall recovery rates from royal jelly blank samples spiked at five fortification levels ranged from 80.8% (lindane) to 91.3% (ethion), well above the range defined by the SANCO/10232/2006 and EC/675/2002 documents. The limit of quantification was <0.003-0.005 mg kg(-1) depending on the analyte, and the reporting level of the method, defined as the lowest recovery level, was 0.005 mg kg(-1).     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用测定蜂王浆中的三种硝基咪唑类残留

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用测定蜂王浆中甲硝唑(MTZ)、二甲硝唑(DMZ)和洛硝哒唑3(RNZ)种硝基咪唑类残 留的方法。使用氢氧化钠溶液溶解样品后,以乙酸乙酯液液萃取提取蜂王浆样品中的硝基咪唑类残留物。该法简便快捷, 适合大批量样品处理。采用氘代二甲硝唑作为内标和利用高选择性反应监测(H-RSM)技术,降低了基质干扰,增加了定量的 准确性。实验结果表明DMZ检测下限可以达到1.0 μg/kg,MTZ和RNZ检测下限可以达到0.5 μg/kg（S/N大于5）;DMZ 定量下限可以达到2.0 μg/kg,MTZ和RNZ定量下限可以达到1.0 μg/kg（S/N大于10）。线性范围为2.0～200 μg/L, 添加回收率为96.6%~110.6%(内标校正),相对标准偏差（RSD）为2.1%~7.4%。     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定蜂产品中10种头孢类药物

建立了蜂产品中10种头孢类药物（头孢喹肟、头孢噻肟、头孢洛宁、头孢哌酮、头孢匹林、头孢氨苄、头孢乙腈、头孢拉定、去乙酰基头孢匹林、头孢唑林）含量的液相色谱-串联质谱测定方法。蜂产品样品中头孢类药物用乙腈-水（80：20,v/v）溶液提取,离心,上清液经Oasis PRIME HLB固相萃取柱净化,氮吹后复溶,进行液相色谱-串联质谱分析。采用Acquity BEH C18色谱柱,以0.1%（v/v）甲酸水溶液-甲醇体系作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,ESI源正离子模式电离,多反应离子监测模式（MRM）检测,基质校准外标法定量。结果表明,10种头孢类药物在一定浓度范围内峰面积与质量浓度的相关系数（r²）大于0.999,线性关系良好;检出限为0.15~1.5 μg/kg,定量限为0.50~5.0 μg/kg;在阴性蜂产品样品中的加标回收率为75.0%~89.8%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.4%~4.6%（n=5）。该方法检测周期短,准确度和精密度高,能满足多种蜂产品样品中头孢类药物的检测需要。     

动物源性食品中磺胺类药物增效剂残留的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定

利用高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱测定了蜂蜜、蜂王浆、鮰鱼、鳗鱼、猪肉、猪肾、猪肝、鸡肉、牛肉和牛奶中的三甲氧苄氨嘧啶、二甲氧苄氨嘧啶和奥美普林3种磺胺类药物增效剂.除蜂王浆基质直接用10%三氯乙酸溶液提取外,其余基质均用10%三氯乙酸-乙腈(体积比7 : 3)混合溶液提取,提取溶液过阳离子交换固相萃取柱进行富集和净化.采用C18色谱柱,流动相为甲醇和0.1%甲酸溶液.选择1个母离子和2个子离子进行反应监测,对3种磺胺类药物增效剂残留进行定性,选择信号最强的子离子进行定量.在2 ～100 μg/L范围内,分析物的线性相关系数r>0.992.通过实际样品添加回收实验,所有基质定量下限为5.0 μg/kg,3个添加水平的回收率为63% ～89%,相对标准偏差为3.2% ～6.9%.     

Development and validation of a simple solid‐phase extraction method coupled with liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry for simultaneous determination of lincomycin,tylosin A and tylosin B in royal jelly

We have developed an analytical method for the determination of lincomycin, tylosin A and tylosin B residues in royal jelly using liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry analysis. For extraction and purification, we employed 1% trifluoroacetic acid and 0.1 m Na₂EDTA solutions along with an Oasis HLB cartridge. The target antibiotics were well separated in a Kinetex EVO C₁₈ reversed‐phase analytical column using a combination of 0.1% formate acid in ultrapure water (A) and acetonitrile (B) as the mobile phase. Good linearity was achieved over the tested concentration range (5–50 μg/kg) in matrix‐matched standard calibration. The coefficients of determination (R²) were 0.9933, 0.9933 and 0.996, for tylosin A, tylosin B and lincomycin, respectively. Fortified royal jelly spiked with three different concentrations of the tested antibiotics (5, 10 and 20 μg/kg) yielded recoveries in the range 80.94–109.26% with relative standard deviations ≤4%. The proposed method was applied to monitor 11 brand of royal jelly collected from domestic markets and an imported brand from New Zealand; all the samples tested negative for lincomycin, tylosin A and tylosin B residues. In conclusion, 1% trifluoroacetic acid and 0.1 m Na₂EDTA aqueous solvents combined with solid‐phase extraction could effectively complete the sample preparation process for royal jelly before analysis. The developed approach can be applied for a routine analysis of lincomycin, tylosin A and tylosin B residues in royal jelly.     

Simultaneous determination of trace migration of phthalate esters in honey and royal jelly by GC–MS

A simple, rapid, and reliable liquid–liquid extraction coupled to GC–MS method was developed and validated for the quantification of 22 phthalate esters (PAEs) in honey and royal jelly. Instrument parameters for GC–MS were tested to obtain the satisfactory separation between 22 PAEs with high sensitivity. The extraction procedure was optimized in order to achieve the best recovery. The following criteria were used to validate the developed method: linearity, LOD, lower LOQ, precision, accuracy, matrix effect and carry‐over. Correlation coefficients were >0.999 by applying the linear regression model based on the least‐squares method with a weighting factor (1/x). The intra‐ and interday precision were within 12.7% in terms of RSD, and the accuracy was within ?11.8% in terms of relative error. The mean extraction recoveries ranged between 80.1 and 110.9% for honey and royal jelly. No significant matrix effect and carry‐over for PAEs were observed for the analysis of honey and royal jelly samples. A total of 20 real samples were analyzed for a mini‐survey using the developed method. Seven PAEs in honey samples and five PAEs in royal jelly samples were found, indicating potential contamination with several PAEs.