土壤中莠去津及其降解产物的提取及高效液相色谱-质谱分析

建立了高效液相色谱-质谱联用(HPLC-MS)选择离子检测(SIM)分析环境土样中的痕量莠去津及其降解产物脱乙基莠去津(deethylatrazine,DEA)、脱异丙基莠去津(deisopropylatrazine,DIA)、羟基化莠去津(HA)的方法。土样用双蒸水超声提取,然后用Waters Oasis MCX固相萃取小柱富集纯化土样提取液,测得莠去津及其降解物在不同加标浓度(4.5~120 ng/g)下的回收率为：莠去津40.4%~82.0%,DEA 60.6%~86.5%,DIA 69.2%~86     

固相萃取-气相色谱法测定地下水中痕量酞酸酯的研究

本文建立了固相萃取-气相色谱法定量分析地下水中酞酸酯类（PAEs）有机污染物的方法。利用正交试验和单因素实验对影响回收率的4个主要因素（洗脱溶剂种类、水样体积、洗脱溶剂体积、固相萃取小柱填料量）进行了萃取条件的优化。综合考虑各方面因素后确定的最佳萃取条件为：二氯甲烷和丙酮为洗脱剂,体积8mL、0．5L水样、柱填料500mg。方法线性范围0．05～10．00μg／L,检出限0．05～0．341ng／L,相对标准偏差0．038％～1．107％。该方法应用于江汉平原地下水中PAEs测定,取得满意结果。     

大体积进样离子色谱法检测饮用水中六价铬

建立了离子色谱检测饮用水中的六价铬的分析方法。以AS23柱分离,20mmol／L NaOH为淋洗液,1．0mL／min流量,1mL大体积进样,电导检测。结果表明,方法检测限为0．8μg／L,水样加标回收率在96．0％-102．0％之间,相对标准偏差为4．09％-1．40％;与标准方法二苯碳酰二肼分光光度法结果比对表明,该法检测限低、操作简便、准确快捷,适用于饮用水中六价铬的检测。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法对动物源性食品中14种苯二氮革类药物及其代谢物残留量的同时检测

建立了液相色谱-串联质谱（LC—MS／MS）同时检测动物源性食品中14种苯二氮革类药物及其代谢物残留量的测定方法。在pH5．2乙酸铵缓冲溶液中药物残留经酶解后,用氨水调节pH值大于9．5。溶液经乙酸乙酯-异丙醇（体积比5：1）提取和阳离子交换柱（MCX）净化,并用多反应监测技术所确定的定性离子对检测物进行定性和同位素内标法定量。方法的定量下限为1．0μg／kg,线性范围为1．0～20．0μg/L,各基质的加标平均回收率为64％～117％,相对标准偏差为3．6％～12．3％。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定人血清中左甲状腺素钠

研究了固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定人血清中左甲状腺素钠的方法。血清样品经MCX固相萃取小柱提取后进样测定;色谱条件为:色谱柱ODS柱(150 mm×4.6 mm i.d.,4.6μm),流动相为甲醇:H3PO4溶液(60:40,V:V,pH 3.00);流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长225 nm,柱温30℃,进样量20μL。在0.005~10.0μg/mL浓度范围内,关系线性关系良好;检出限为0.002μg/mL;RSD<6.4%,回收率在96.6%~104.4%之间。方法适用于左甲状腺素钠的人体药代动力学及生物利用度研究。     

混合型固相萃取/超高压液相色谱法测定废水中苯胺类化合物

通过对色谱分析、固相萃取和氮吹浓缩条件的优化研究,建立了混合型固相萃取/超高压液相色谱法测定废水中7种苯胺类化合物的方法。200 mL水样以5 mL/min通过MCX混合型固相萃取小柱,经4 mL2%甲酸水溶液锁定,4 mL 25%甲醇水溶液净化,8 mL 2%氨水甲醇溶液洗脱后,洗脱液经50℃氮吹浓缩至1 mL,微孔滤膜(0.22μm,尼龙)过滤后,采用BEH C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7μm)进行分离,以甲醇-乙酸铵溶液梯度洗脱,250 nm检测。7种苯胺类化合物可在6.5 min内实现基线分离,在0.1~5.0 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999,方法检出限(S/N=3)为0.10~0.50μg/L,定量下限(S/N=10)为0.33~1.67μg/L。在0.2μg和1.0μg加标水平下,回收率分别为52%~101%和54%~96%,RSDs分别为2.2%~11.3%和2.5%~9.0%。方法抗干扰能力强、分析速度快、灵敏度高,适用于废水中苯胺类化合物的测定。     

固相萃取-气质联用测定水环境中痕量多环麝香

建立了固相萃取-气质联用法测定水中佳乐麝香(HHCB)和吐纳麝香(AHTN)这两种主要的多环麝香的方法.利用Oasis HLB固相萃取小柱预处理水样,通过对固相萃取条件的优化,得出了最佳实验条件:洗脱溶剂为正己烷,洗脱体积为10mL,水样中添加体积分数0.5%甲醇作为有机改性剂,控制上样流速为5～10mL/min,洗脱速率为0.5～2mL/min.该方法线性相关性好,相对标准偏差在1.67%～5.48%之间,对两种多环麝香的方法检测限均为0.025μg/L.利用该方法对污水处理厂进出水中多环麝香进行测定,佳乐麝香和吐纳麝香的去除率分别为61.3%和51.6%.     

离子色谱法测定水中的高氯酸盐

采用离子色谱法测定了饮用水中痕量的高氯酸盐,以30mmol／LNaOH为淋洗液,1mL／min流量,1000μL进样,在25min内可完成测定高氯酸盐;利用加热浓缩的方法对水样进行前处理,浓缩10倍后进样。结果表明,该法回收率为87．9％,检测限为0．10μg/L,具有实际应用价值。     

官厅水库水中莠去津及其降解产物残留的分析

官厅水库拟成为北京市饮用水源,水中的内分泌干扰剂物质也成为重要的监测对象。实验采用MCX固相萃取小柱富集,高效液相色谱法分离,质谱选择离子模式鉴定方法可以同时测定水中痕量除草剂莠去津及其降解产物残留量,检出限可以达到0．02～0．06ug／L,已在北京官厅水库水中检测出莠去津有毒降解产物的残留。其质量浓度在0．155～11．4ug／L,总量在5．97kg(不包括底泥在内)。     

室温离子液体超声辅助萃取-高效液相色谱法测定水中菲、荧蒽、芘的研究

以疏水性室温离子液体1-甲基-3-丁基咪唑六氟磷酸为萃取剂,超声辅助同时萃取、富集水中菲、荧蒽、芘为模型的多环芳烃。探讨了不同离子液体、水样体积、超声时间、静置时间等对萃取效果的影响,结果表明:1 mL离子液体萃取含菲、荧蒽、芘各10、60μg/L的40 mL水样,其回收率为:92%~103%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为3.19%~3.85%,方法检出限在1.06~1.25μg/L范围之间。该方法应用于实际河水的检测,结果表明该法快速简便、溶剂用量小,回收率与传统的CH2Cl2萃取相当。     

Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil

A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg^?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl).     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望

对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述，包括：微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。     

Ferrocene and ferrocenium modified clays and their styrene and EVA composites

In this work, ferrocene- and ferrocenium-containing salts were employed to modify montmorillonite. X-ray measurements show an increase in the interlayer spacing upon clay modification, which means that the larger and more organophilic cations were inserted into the gallery space of montmorillonite. Attempts to prepare nanocomposites of polystyrene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers lead to immiscible systems; the morphology of these systems was elucidated with TEM, XRD and cone calorimetry. The thermal stability of the composites is greater than that of the virgin polymer.     

Synthesis and Optical and Redox Properties of Symmetric and Asymmetric BODIPYs

Herein, we present the synthetic route and the photophysical, electrochemical as well as laser properties of novel red‐emitting boron‐dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) bearing arylethyne moieties. Such functionality is added along the main axis of the chromophore leading to single‐ and double‐substituted derivatives. The relationship between the dye structure and the lasing properties is studied in detail with the help of the photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as quantum mechanical simulations. The asymmetric substitution of the parent dye induces inhomogeneities in the charge distribution, which leads to an overall loss of the fluorescence capacity, mainly in polar media. Such non‐radiative deactivation processes can be softened by decreasing the electron‐donor ability of the substituent or even avoided by symmetrical substitution. Thus, grafting of the arylethyne moieties at the longitudinal axis of the indacene core results in an effective strategy to develop red‐edge BODIPYs with highly efficient and photostable laser emission.     

Conformations and steric and stacking interactions of trisubstituted ureas and thioureas with alkyl and phenyl groups

The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of various trisubstituted ureas of the R₂UPh type and -thioureas of the R₂TUPh type have been studied. The trans—out isomerism in the former and the trans—out—cis isomerism in the latter are discussed from the point of view of steric effect. The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of RPhUPh and RPhTUPh are also examined. The single band appearing in the spectrum of both ureas is characteristic of the cis form; this suggests the existence of phenyl—phenyl interaction (the stacking interaction proposed by Galabov et al. [10]). Behavior of ν(N—H) vibrations at several concentrations is shown to be clearly different in the three forms (trans, out and cis). The presence of the cis form is confirmed by solvent effect experiments.     

Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的物相结构与组分优化设计

Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB₅型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。     

钒与糖代谢及糖尿病

微量元素钒作为生物体内必需元素，经证实有很重要的生理学功能，与机体糖代谢有十分密切的关系，且能降低糖尿病动物模型的高血糖，极有可能被开发为治疗糖尿病的药物。     

含茂基苯并三氮唑基镧系有机配合物的合成及表征

三茂基镧系化合物和苯并三氮唑在四氢呋喃中反应,合成了7个未见文献报道的含茂基苯并三氮唑基镧系有机配合物,经元素分析、IR和MS测定,从有关数据推测了这类配合物的可能结构。