Zn掺杂La2CuO4热电势和磁化率研究

测量了La2CuO4掺Zn样品在不同降温速率下(330K保温05h,然后分别以6Kh,02Ks的速度降到8K)的直流磁化率和热电势.实验结果表明,反铁磁温度TN不随降温速率变化而变化,其直流磁化率也未受很大影响.高温热电势弱的温度依赖关系表明为极化子气体的贡献.热电势在转折温度Tdrop之下的快速降低是由于二维反铁磁涨落的贡献.热电势在更低温度的拐点TS与载流子的局域化有关.降温速率变化时,Tdrop和TS都有明显的变化.Zn掺杂对Tdrop和TS没有明显影响,但导致了更强的载流子局域化.讨论了上述现象产生的物理图像 关键词： La2CuO4 直流磁化率 热电势     

新型超导体MgCNi3的输运性质研究

测量了新型超导体MgCNi3(Tc=8K)的电阻率、正常态Hall效应和热电势等输运性质.电阻率温度曲线表明,在高于70K的温区可以用电声子散射的BlochGr櫣ｎｅｉｓｅｎ公式拟合.Hall系数RH和热电势S在Tc以上的整个温度范围都为负值,强烈表明MgCNi3的载流子类型为电子型.RH在从Tc到140K的温区内基本不随温度变化,但在140K到室温范围,RH随温度升高其绝对值减小,对RH的这种温度依赖关系进行了讨论.S在150K以上近似与温度成线性关系,而在150K以下显示非线性,用电声子相互作用的重整 关键词： 电阻率 热电势 Hall效应     

Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8单晶a-b平面热电势率的各向异性

测量了Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O₈单晶a方向的热电势率S_a和b方向的热电势率S_b与温度T的关系,发现在a-b平面内热电势率存在各向异性。认为S_a与S_b的差异来源于b方向的调制结构,并用扩散热电势率S_d,声子曳引热电势率S_g和相关跳跃热电势率S_h三种贡献,对实验结果进行了 关键词：     

电子型超导体Sm1.85Ce0.15CuO4单晶的赝能隙行为研究

测量了在O2中退火不同时间的Sm1.85Ce0.15CuO4单晶样品的热电势S与电阻率ρ的温度依赖关系.所有的样品电阻率高温下呈现线性温度依赖行为.未退火的样品在148K发生超导转变,而退火后的样品在低温下发生金属半导体相变,其超导电性消失,表明退火引起了载流子浓度下降,体系进入欠掺杂态.随着温度降低,所有的样品ST和ρT曲线在200K附近(T)都发生斜率的改变,可以用赝能隙现象解释.热电势S在低温下出现一个正的曳引峰,意味着载流子符号发生改变,由电子型转变为空穴型 关键词： 电子型超导体 热电势 赝能隙     

新型超导体MgB2的热电势和电阻率研究

测量了MgB₂的热电势和电阻率与温度的依赖关系.在100K—300K区间,热电势呈近似线性温度依赖关系,其斜率为正,表明载流子为空穴型且与能带贡献的图像相一致.与此对应,在此温区电阻率呈T²依赖关系.在100K以下,热电势和电阻率各自转变了其高温区的温度依赖关系.热电势在超导转变温度T_c(零电阻366K)到100K间有一宽峰,具有声子曳引峰的特征,表明电子-声子相互作用很强.估算了一些重要的参数,如带米能E_F、能带宽度 关键词： 新型超导体 热电势 电阻率     

电子型超导体Sm2-xCexCuO4(0.00≤x≤0.21)的异常热电势与电阻率

测量了Sm2-xCexCuO4(000≤x≤021)多晶样品的热电势S和电阻率ρ的温度依赖关系.在缘绝体—金属转变边界处,观测到热电势从绝缘体区明显的弱温度依赖关系到金属区线性温度依赖关系的转变.当Ce的含量由009增加到021时,高温下S的斜率发生由负到正的转变,这是能带的填充能级发生改变时电子型和空穴型载流子的贡献发生竞争的表现,由电子型向空穴型的过渡发生在x=017处.S和ρ在200K以下的斜率变化是载流子局域化造成的.x=006—021的样品在50K处观察到一个正的曳引峰.室温下的热电势S300K和S0(高温区热电势线性外推到0K的值)与Ce含量在绝缘体、欠掺杂和过掺杂区域有不同的依赖关系.过掺杂区域很小的S300K和S0意味着一个宽带的费米液体的贡献,同时ρ满足T2关系,二者相一致. 关键词： 电子型超导体 输运性质 热电势     

Sr2RuO4的电子相干态: Nernst效应研究

文章首次报道了自旋三重态奇异配对超导体Sr2RuO4的Nernst效应在正常态呈现出的反常行为.在T<100K时,较大的负的Nernst信号出现,其绝对值随温度降低而增大,并在T* ≈ 20-25K时出现一个负的最大值,之后随温度线性减小.这样大的Nernst信号是与正常态的多带性质相关,而非线性的磁场关系则可能与其中的磁涨落相关.文章作者提出在T*温度以下,在电子型的γ带上出现了能带关联的相干态,准粒子的散射受到了抑制,使得在T*温度以下Nernst信号快速减弱.同时,热电势在T*附近出现了拐点,Hall系数开始发散,进一步支持了文章作者提出的观点.     

二维钾、钠紫青铜单晶A0.9Mo6O17(A=K,Na)的热电势特性

在８０—２８０Ｋ范围内对准二维钾、钠紫青铜单晶的热电势与温度的关系进行了研究，发现：（１）对钾紫青铜，在１０５Ｋ附近热电势有符号变化，并且在高温正常金属相，热电势Ｓ具有较小的负值，可以用经验关系Ｓ＝ＡＴ＋Ｂ来描述，自由电子为支配载流子；而在Ｔ＜１０５Ｋ的低温ＣＤＷ态，Ｓ为正值，可表示为Ｓ＝Ａ′Ｔ＋Ｂ′／Ｔ的形式，载流子的声子曳引热电势占支配作用．（２）对钠紫青铜，在Ｔ＞８０Ｋ范围内Ｓ与Ｔ具有很好的线性关系，没有观察到Ｐｅｉｅｒｌｓ相变，电子为支配载流子．对造成两者差异的根源，也作了初步探讨 关键词：     

La2-xSrxCuO4单晶膜的热电势与电阻率

测量了高质量的单晶膜La2-xSrxCuO4(x=010,020,025)的电阻率和热电势.La19Sr01CuO4电阻率呈现S型行为,表明存在一个赝能隙,在赝能隙态可以用公式ρ=ρ0+βexp(-ΔT)很好地拟合.热电势的测量表明,在超导转变前样品的残余热电势值非常小,这是膜的高质量引起的,三个样品在200K以上都出现一个宽峰,对其进行了一些理论模型分析,并与电子型超导体热电势结果作了比较. 关键词： 薄膜 输运性质 热电势     

Sr_2RuO_4正常态的c方向的磁阻的研究

研究了典型的层状钙钛矿结构超导单晶Sr2RuO4在c方向的磁阻(Δρ/ρ0)(H∥ab,J∥c)的变化.实验发现,磁阻表现出强烈的各向异性,并且随着温度T的降低,磁阻效应越明显;当在平面ab内旋转磁场H的方向时,磁阻成周期性变化;实验表明,磁场沿(110)方向时,出现磁阻的极大值.分别从Sr2RuO4的费米面的各向异性、载流子散射率、c方向能带色散的各向异性等方面来解释这些输运性质.     

Intrinsic Hall effect in a multiband chiral superconductor in the absence of an external magnetic field

We identify an intrinsic Hall effect in multiband chiral superconductors in the absence of a magnetic field (i.e., an anomalous Hall effect). This effect arises from interband transitions involving time-reversal symmetry-breaking chiral Cooper pairs. We discuss the implications of this effect for the putative chiral p-wave superconductor, Sr2RuO4, and show that it can contribute significantly to Kerr rotation experiments. Since the magnitude of the effect depends on the structure of the order parameter across the bands, this result may be used to distinguish between different models proposed for the superconducting state of Sr2RuO4.     

Semi-metallic behaviour of i-AlCuFe quasicrystals

We report on new measurements of the electrical conductivity, Hall effect and thermoelectric power in the temperature range from 2 K to 440 K for AlCuFe quasicrystals of different compositions and annealing treatments. Particularly, the Hall coefficient and the thermopower show a strong dependence on composition and also on heat treatment. The increase of sample perfection on annealing between 810° C and 825° C is demonstrated by analysing X-ray measurements.All measured quantities can be explained in terms of a semimetal containing both electrons and holes at low temperatures, at least for samples near the ideal quasicrystalline structure and composition.     

Hall conductivity of a spin-triplet superconductor

We calculate the Hall conductivity for a spin-triplet superconductor, using a generalized pairing symmetry dependent on an arbitrary phase phi. A promising candidate for such an order parameter is Sr2RuO4, whose superconducting order parameter symmetry is still subject to investigation. The value of this phase can be determined through Kerr rotation and dc Hall conductivity measurements. Our calculations impose significant constraints on phi.     

Strong spin-orbit coupling effects on the Fermi surface of Sr2RuO4 and Sr2RhO4

We present a first-principles study of spin-orbit coupling effects on the Fermi surface of Sr2RuO4 and Sr2RhO4. For nearly degenerate bands, spin-orbit coupling leads to a dramatic change of the Fermi surface with respect to nonrelativistic calculations; as evidenced by the comparison with experiments on Sr2RhO4, it cannot be disregarded. For Sr2RuO4, the Fermi surface modifications are more subtle but equally dramatic in the detail: Spin-orbit coupling induces a strong momentum dependence, normal to the RuO2 planes, for both orbital and spin character of the low-energy electronic states. These findings have profound implications for the understanding of unconventional superconductivity in Sr2RuO4.     

Quasi-two-dimensional mott transition system Ca2-xSrxRuO4

We have revealed the phase diagram of Ca2-xSrxRuO4: the quasi-two-dimensional Mott transition system that connects the Mott insulator Ca2RuO4 with the spin-triplet superconductor Sr2RuO4. Adjacent to the metal/nonmetal transition at x approximately 0.2, we found an antiferromagnetically correlated metallic region where non-Fermi-liquid behavior in resistivity is observed. Besides this, the critical enhancement of susceptibility toward the region boundary at x(c) approximately 0.5 suggests the crossover of magnetic correlation to a nearly ferromagnetic state, which evolves into the spin-triplet superconductor Sr2RuO4.     

Fermi surface topology of Ca1.5Sr0.5RuO4 determined by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy

We report angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy results of the Fermi surface of Ca1.5Sr0.5RuO4, which is at the boundary of magnetic/orbital instability in the phase diagram of the Ca-substituted Sr ruthenates. Three t(2g) energy bands and the corresponding Fermi surface sheets are observed, which are also present in the Ca-free Sr2RuO4. We find that while the Fermi surface topology of the alpha,beta (d(yz,zx)) sheets remains almost the same in these two materials, the gamma (d(xy)) sheet exhibits a holelike Fermi surface in Ca1.5Sr0.5RuO4 in contrast to being electronlike in Sr2RuO4. Our observation of all three volume conserving Fermi surface sheets clearly demonstrates the absence of orbital-selective Mott transition, which was proposed theoretically to explain the unusual transport and magnetic properties in Ca1.5Sr0.5RuO4.     

Spontaneous spin accumulation in singlet-triplet josephson junctions

We study the Andreev bound states in a Josephson junction between a singlet and a triplet superconductors. Because of the mismatch in the spin symmetries of pairing, the energies of the spin-up and -down quasiparticles are generally different. This results in imbalance of spin populations and net spin accumulation at the junction in equilibrium. This effect can be detected using probes of local magnetic field, such as the scanning SQUID, Hall, and Kerr probes. It may help to identify potential triplet pairing in (TMTSF)2X, Sr2RuO4, and oxypnictides.     

Anisotropy of magnetothermal conductivity in Sr2RuO4

The dependence of in-plane and interplane thermal conductivities of Sr2RuO4 on temperature, as well as magnetic field strength and orientation, is reported. We found no notable anisotropy in the thermal conductivity for the magnetic field rotation parallel to the conducting plane in the whole range of experimental temperatures and fields, except in the vicinity of the upper critical field H(c2), where the anisotropy of the H(c2) itself plays a dominant role. This finding imposes strong constraints on the possible models of superconductivity in Sr2RuO4 and supports the existence of a superconducting gap with a line of nodes running orthogonal to the Fermi surface cylinder.     

Severe Fermi surface reconstruction at a metamagnetic transition in Ca2-xSrxRuO4 (for 0.2 <or=x<or=0.5)

We report an electrical transport study in Ca2-xSrxRuO4 single crystals at high magnetic fields (B). For x=0.2, the Hall constant Rxy decreases sharply at an anisotropic metamagnetic transition, reaching its value for Sr2RuO4 at high fields. A sharp decrease in the coefficient of the resistivity T2 term and a change in the structure of the angular magnetoresistance oscillations for B rotating in the planes confirms the reconstruction of the Fermi surface. Our observations and local-density-approximation calculations indicate a strong dependence of the Fermi surface on Ca concentration and suggest the coexistence of itinerant and localized electronic states in single layered ruthenates.     

High resolution polar Kerr effect measurements of Sr2RuO4: evidence for broken time-reversal symmetry in the superconducting state

The polar Kerr effect in the spin-triplet superconductor Sr2RuO4 was measured with high precision using a Sagnac interferometer with a zero-area Sagnac loop. We observed nonzero Kerr rotations as big as 65 nanorad appearing below Tc in large domains. Our results imply a broken time-reversal symmetry state in the superconducting state of Sr2RuO4, similar to 3He-A.