γ射线辐照下Nb/Fe双层膜的结构行为

本文利用扫描电镜和X光衍射方法研究了γ射线辐照下Nb/Fe双层膜的结构行为,指出由于溅射时样品衬底温度的升高,在Nb/Fe界面形成了Fe_2Nb化合物。在γ射线的辐照下Fe_2Nb要分解成Fe和Nb,同时在辐照的最初阶段促使了非晶Nb的晶化,之后随着辐照时间的不断延长,γ射线的辐照又破坏Nb晶粒使之细化,本文讨论了这些实验结果。     

红外光谱对碱土金属二元羧酸盐结构的研究

研究了三十种二元羧酸金属盐的红外光谱，讨论了金属离子和二元酸的种类对二元酸盐配位结构的影响。发现Mg盐、Ba盐，Sr盐为螯合配位，Ca盐，Zn盐中同时存在螯合配位和桥式配位，二元酸的种类对羧酸盐配位结构没有影响。对羧酸盐在常温和熔融后的栩位方式和结构上的差异的研究结果表明，Mg盐，Ca盐与Sr盐，Ba盐在熔融后的结构变化不同。     

WO_3掺杂在淬火YBa_2Cu_3O_（7－x）超导体中的作用

同样经过空气中９００℃至室温淬火，纯ＹＢａ２ＣＵ３Ｏ７－ｘ（ＹＢＣＯ）不超导，而适量掺ＷＯ３的ＹＢＣＯ却可在８８Ｋ以上显示超导电性，更为奇妙的是，Ｗ并没有进入ＹＢＣＯ晶格．为弄清后者超导电性恢复的原因，本文对经过以上条件淬火的纯ＹＢＣＯ及掺３ｗｔ％ＷＯ３的试样进行了一系列研究，并对比研究了相同条件下烧结但在氧气氛中慢冷却的样品．所有结果均表明，淬火过程中掺杂样品冷却较慢很可能是使之恢复超导电性的主要原因．本工作的重要意义在于从非稳态导热的角度探讨了适当掺杂的淬火ＹＢＣＯ超导电性恢复的原因，并可能对改进相应材料超导薄膜的制备工艺有所启迪．     

THE ANNEALING FEATURES OF Ta/Si MULTILAYER FILMS

The Ta/Si multilayers on (100) Si substrate have been studied over the annealing temper-ature range from 500 to 900℃ by X-ray diffraction and cross-section transmission electron microscopy. The periodicity of the multilayers becomes worse with increasing annealing tem-perature and disappears at 750℃. At 600℃, two kinds of modulation wavelength coexist because the size of several TaSi₂ grains is larger than the contracted original modulation wavelength. The films are contracted after annealing. The largest contraction, at least 40nm decreasing in thickness, occurs at 600℃. When the annealing temperature is lower than 600℃, h-TaSi₂ grains grow randomly and the growth is not affected by the substrate. At temperatures higher than 750℃, h-TaSi₂ grows preferentially in [001] direction parallel to [100] axis of Si substrate. The appearance of texture depends on whether the atomic diffusion is short range or long range at the corresponding annealing temperature.     

Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8单晶a-b平面热电势率的各向异性

测量了Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8单晶a方向的热电势率Sa和b方向的热电势率Sb与温度T的关系,发现在a-b平面内热电势率存在各向异性。认为Sa与Sb的差异来源于b方向的调制结构,并用扩散热电势率Sd,声子曳引热电势率Sg和相关跳跃热电势率Sh三种贡献,对实验结果进行了解释。     

Y1-xNdxSr2Cu2.7Mo0.3O7-δ体系的声子振动谱和输运性质

研究了Y_1-xNd_xSr₂Cu_2.7Mo_0.3O_7-δ(x =0 ,0 .1 ,0 .2 ,0 .5 ,0 .8和 1 .0 )的Ra-man光谱、红外光谱,指出RSr₂Cu_2.7Mo_0.3 O_7-δ结构上与RBa₂Cu₃O_7-δ有显著的差异,而伴随着Nd的掺入,晶体的微结构发生了变化 .结合电阻率和热电势的测量结果 ,我们讨论了这种微结构变化对载流子分布的影响和NdSr₂Cu_2.7Mo_0.3O_7-δ不超导的原因,进而指出在高温超导体中广泛存在的稀土离子尺寸效应也是大稀土离子替代产生的晶体微结构变化的结果     

STUDY ON THE CATHODE DEPOSIT PRODUCED IN THE PROCESS OF CARBON ARC DISCHARGE

The cathode deposit produced by carbon are discharge wae studied by scanning electron microscopy, high resolution electroa microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The results indicate that the stacking of hexagonal carbon layer in the discharged graphite is different from the ABAB stacking sequence in graphite, and that carboy nanotube is a kind of graphite-like micro-crystal with a low-dimensional structure.     

EFFECT OF THERMAL TREATMENTS ON THE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY OF UNDOPED AND WO3 DOPED Y-Ba-Cu-O SYSTEM

Undoped and WO₃-doped Y-Ba-Cu-O ceramics have been slowly cooled in flowing oxygen or quenched in air from 900℃ to room temperature, after sintering at 900℃ for 3Oh in flowing oxygen. The ac susceptibility measurements show that the T_c of the quenched WO₃-doped Y-Ba-Gu-O superconductor can reach 88K, while the undoped Y-Ba-Cu-O ceramic quenched in air is a non-superconductor. X-ray diffraction data show that WO₃ does not enter into the YBa₂Cu₃O_7-x lattice but forms all impurity phase. The WO₃-doped YBCO specimens quenched in air consist of orthorhombic YBa₂Cu₃O_7-x phase and an impurity phase which increases with increasing WO₃ content. Raman spectra chow that oxygen contents are different for undoped and WO₃-doped samples. It la suggested that suitable doping with WO₃ can change the oxygen content and reduce the effect of thermal treatments on the superconductivity of Y-Ba-Cu-O system.     

Bi系2201相单晶c周期的多重性

以 Bi_(2.1)Sr_(1.9-x)La_xCuO_y 为名义比份,生长出 Bi 系的2201相单晶体.通过对该晶体的研究,首次发现该晶体 c 周期存在多重性现象;同时观察到(OOL)多级衍射的双峰随替代量的增加而取合并趋势.真正原因有待进一步深入研究.