金毛狗中黄酮成分与微量元素的分析测定

为了进一步开发利用金毛狗的资源,对金毛狗中黄酮成分进行了分析,并采用电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱仪(ICP-AES)对其中的10种微量元素进行测定.结果表明,金毛狗中总黄酮提取的最佳条件是:在50C下用60%乙醇超声波提取1.0h、提取体积100mL、提取二次.金毛狗中总黄酮的含量为0.796%,平均回收率100.6%,RSD=0.84%(n=6).金毛狗中含有非常丰富的Fe、Ca、Mg、Ni、Zn、Mn、Cu等多种人体必需的微量元素,其中Ca含量最高,Cu含量低,有毒有害的元素Pb、Cd均未检出.此结果为金毛狗药效功能的进一步研究和资源开发利用提供科学依据.     

瓯柑果皮中总黄酮的提取及含量的测定

为了进一步开发利用瓯柑的资源,研究了瓯柑果皮中总黄酮的提取条件及含量测定.结果表明,总黄酮提取的最佳条件是:用80%乙醇在60℃下超声波提取1h、固液比为1:18、提取3次.瓯柑果皮中总黄酮的含量为2.143%,平均回收率为99.80%,RSD=0.88%(n=6).此结果为瓯柑药效功能的进一步研究和资源开发利用提供科学依据.     

香菇中总黄酮含量的测定及抗氧化活性研究

采用浓度为70%的乙醇提取香菇中的总黄酮物质,分光光度法测定香菇中的总黄酮含量,研究了香菇中黄酮类化合物对超氧自由基、羟基自由基的清除作用,结果表明：香菇中总黄酮提取率为0.738%,香菇中黄酮类化合物对清除自由基有一定的作用,且黄酮类化合物的添加量在试验范围内与其抗氧化性呈正相关。     

基于正交试验法优选红枣中总黄酮的提取工艺研究

采用正交试验优化红枣中总黄酮的提取,以芦丁的含量为评价指标。用12倍原料药的70%乙醇提取2次,每次1h,提取效果最好。该工艺可充分提取红枣中的总黄酮类成分,提高了药材利用率,为进一步研究红枣的有效成分奠定基础。     

荞麦花水溶物中黄酮的提取及含量测定

用水将荞麦花中的水溶性成分提取后,再从水溶性提取物中将黄酮类物质分离,用硝酸铝-亚硝酸钠方法对黄酮的含量进行了测定,求得其校准曲线的回归方程为y=11.902x-0.021,相关系数为r=0.9996,平均回收率为100.8%,RSD=0.98%(n=5)。     

空心莲子草总黄酮的提取工艺

确定空心莲子草总黄酮最佳提取工艺.采用微波辅助法提取空心莲子草中的黄酮类化合物,通过正交实验确定了最佳提取工艺.以芦丁为对照,采用紫外分光光度法在260nm处测定其中的总黄酮.最佳工艺条件:乙醇浓度40%,固液比1:20,微波辐射40s,微波功率320W,间歇提取2次.按最佳工艺条件提取总黄酮含量为30.012mg/g.回归方程为;y=33.21C+0.0106,相关系数r=0.9998,精密度试验RSD分别为1.1461(n≥6),平均加样回收率为99%,RSD=2.43%(n=6).样品的稳定性试验RSD为0.048%(120min).选择的最佳工艺对提取空心莲子草总黄酮确为最佳.用芦丁标准品,采用紫外分光光度法,操作简便,结果准确,灵敏度高,重复性好,为空心莲子草中总黄酮含量测定的一种切实可行的方法.     

川桂叶中黄酮类化合物的提取与测定

采用加热回流法提取川桂叶中的黄酮类化合物,建立了川桂叶中总黄酮含量测定的光谱分析方法。结果表明：以芦丁为标准品,用NaNO2-Al（NO3）3-NaOH显色法可测定川桂叶中总黄酮的含量,该方法的精密度和准确度均较高,相对标准偏差为0.63%,方法的回收率为97.18%—102.20%。通过正交试验优化,得到提取川桂叶中黄酮类化合物的最佳工艺条件是：用体积分数为70%的乙醇作溶剂,在固液比1∶20（g/mL）、提取温度80℃的条件下提取1.5h,连续提取2次。测得川桂叶中总黄酮含量为22.53mg·g^-1。     

积雪草总黄酮提取工艺和含量测定研究

确定积雪草总黄酮最佳提取工艺和含量测定方法,采用微波辅助法提取积雪草中的黄酮类化合物,通过正交实验确定了最佳提取工艺.分别以槲皮素和山奈酚为对照,采用紫外分光光度法在320nm处测定积雪草全草中的总黄酮.最佳工艺条件:提取次数3次,辐射时间20s,固液比1:10,功率480W.按最佳工艺条件提取总黄酮含量为8.40mg/g.回归方程为(槲皮素):y=29.993C+0.027,相关系数r2=0.9982,精密度和稳定性试验RSD分别为0.265%和0.172%(n≥6),平均加样回收率为99%,RSD=1.51%(n=5).回归方程为(山奈酚):y=36.928C+0.0178,相关系数rz=0.9991,精密度和稳定性试验的RSD分别为0.231%和0.190%(n≥6),平均加样回收率为99%,RSD=0.714%(n=5),样品的稳定性试验RSD为0.218%(60min).选择的最佳工艺对提取积雪草全草总黄酮确为最佳.用槲皮素或山奈酚标准品,采用紫外分光光度法,操作简便,结果准确,灵敏度高,重复性好,为积雪草全草中总黄酮含量测定的一种切实可行的方法.     

毛泡桐花中总黄酮的含量测定及提取工艺研究

用硝酸铝作显色剂,在490nm波长处,采用分光光度法测定了毛泡桐花总黄酮的含量.确定了乙醇为毛泡桐花总黄酮的最佳提取剂,重点探讨了乙醇浓度、料液比、提取温度、提取时间等因素对毛泡桐花中黄酮类化合物提取率的影响.结果表明,在最佳条件下,毛泡桐花总黄酮得率为5.295%.     

峨嵋岩白菜叶和根状茎总黄酮提取工艺研究

采用微波辅助提取法,以总黄酮含量为考察指标,通过单因素实验和正交试验优选出峨嵋岩白菜叶和根状茎总黄酮微波最佳提取工艺。实验结果表明,峨嵋岩白菜叶中总黄酮提取的最佳工艺条件为：乙醇浓度60%,料液比1∶30,微波时间60s/次,微波功率480W,提取次数为3次,黄酮含量为15.181mg/g;根状茎中总黄酮最佳工艺条件为：乙醇浓度60%,料液比1：20,微波时间75s/次,微波功率480W,提取次数为2次,黄酮含量为2.066mg/g。峨嵋岩白菜叶中总黄酮含量较根状茎中丰富,微波辅助提取法适合峨嵋岩白菜有效成分的提取。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.