空心莲子草总黄酮的提取工艺

确定空心莲子草总黄酮最佳提取工艺.采用微波辅助法提取空心莲子草中的黄酮类化合物,通过正交实验确定了最佳提取工艺.以芦丁为对照,采用紫外分光光度法在260nm处测定其中的总黄酮.最佳工艺条件:乙醇浓度40%,固液比1:20,微波辐射40s,微波功率320W,间歇提取2次.按最佳工艺条件提取总黄酮含量为30.012mg/g.回归方程为;y=33.21C+0.0106,相关系数r=0.9998,精密度试验RSD分别为1.1461(n≥6),平均加样回收率为99%,RSD=2.43%(n=6).样品的稳定性试验RSD为0.048%(120min).选择的最佳工艺对提取空心莲子草总黄酮确为最佳.用芦丁标准品,采用紫外分光光度法,操作简便,结果准确,灵敏度高,重复性好,为空心莲子草中总黄酮含量测定的一种切实可行的方法.     

白簕叶总皂苷提取工艺和含量测定研究

采用微波辅助法提取白簕叶中的皂苷类化合物,通过正交实验确定了最佳提取工艺。以齐墩果酸为对照,采用紫外分光光度法在500nm处测定白簕叶中的总皂苷。最佳工艺条件：乙醇浓度70%,微波辐射30s,微波功率160W,固液比1∶10,间歇提取2次。按最佳工艺条件提取总皂苷含量为84.36mg/g。回归方程为：y=1.0167C＋0.0006,相关系数r=0.9998,精密度和稳定性试验RSD分别为0.033%和0.034%（n≥6）,平均加标回收率为99%,RSD=1.76%（n=6）。用齐墩果酸标准品,采用紫外分光光度法,操作简便,结果准确,灵敏度高,重复性好,为白簕叶中总皂苷含量测定的一种切实可行的方法。     

白簕果实中总黄酮的测定

为确定白簕果实总黄酮的含量,采用超声辅助法提取白簕果实中的黄酮类化合物,以芦丁为对照,采用分光光度法在510nm处测定白簕果实中的总黄酮.回归方程为:A=1.0471C-0.0012,相关系数r=0.9997,精密度实验RSD为1.653％,稳定性实验(40min)RSD分别为2.011％(芦丁)和1.967％(白簕),平均加标回收率为101％,RSD=1.961％(n=6).采用分光光度法,操作简便,结果准确,灵敏度高,重复性好,准确测定白簕果实中总黄酮含量为76.93mg/g.     

正交设计优选维药恰玛古总黄酮的提取工艺

确定恰玛古总黄酮的最佳提取工艺.以乙醇为溶剂,采用索氏提取,紫外-可见分光光度法测定恰玛古中总黄酮的含量,通过稳定性、精密度和回收率实验检验了该方法的可靠性和重现性.对照品溶液和供试品液均在510nm处有最大吸收.回归方程为A=0.02054C+0.07628,r=0.9998(0-24μg·mL-1);优选的提取工艺为30倍原料重、75％乙醇、提取时间120min.平均总黄酮的含量为2.805％,平均回收率为100.88％,精密度和加样回收率的RSD分别为0.46％和2.26％.本实验操作简便,灵敏度高,结果准确,可用于恰玛古总黄酮的含量测定.     

紫外分光光度法测定玉屏风散中黄芪甲苷的含量

用紫外分光光度法测定了玉屏风散中黄芪甲苷的含量及对其稳定性进行了研究,并对其结果进行了分析从而对本品质量进行控制.结果表明,采用紫外分光光度法测定黄芪甲苷含量,在波长为578±2nm时,浓度与吸光度呈线性关系,回归方程为y=0.080x 0.051,相关系数r2=0.9995;加样回收率为97.38%,RSD为0.86%(n=6).该法简便易行、快速准确,可作为玉屏风散中黄芪甲苷含量的测定.     

穿心莲中总黄酮含量的测定

以芦丁为对照品,NaNO2-Al(NO3)3-NaOH体系为显色剂,利用分光光度法测定了穿心莲中的总黄酮含量.确定了总黄酮提取方法、显色剂浓度和显色时间等.回归方程为A=0.00652 11.0329C,相关系数r=0.9997.平均回收率为104.20%,RSD=1.85%(n=5).本法操作简便,可行,重现性好.     

蒙药呼和嘎日迪-9多糖的提取与含量测定

采用热水提取-乙醇沉淀的方法从蒙药呼和嘎日迪-9中提取多糖,分光光度法测定糖含量,求得校准曲线的回归方程为y=0.00656x＋0.324,相关系数为r=0.9994,平均回收率为101.2%,RSD=0.90%（n=5）。     

花生中黄酮的荧光分光光度法测定

研究了花生中黄酮的荧光分光光度法测定条件,用芦丁为标准样品,在荧光激发波长λex=265nm,发射波长λem=331nm处测定了花生中黄酮的含量,回归方程为y=5.0775x＋46.716,相关系数r=0.9994,精密度（RSD）为0.28%（n=5）,加标回收率为93.75%—115.00%,该方法用于测定花生中黄酮的含量结果准确。     

蒙药苘麻子中多糖的提取纯化及含量测定

采用热水提取-乙醇沉淀法从苘麻子中提取多糖,Sevag法除蛋白,苘麻子多糖经大孔树脂分离、透析得两种多糖,即QMZP-1和QMZP-2,采用分光光度法(λ=486nm)测定两种多糖含量,分别为1.8%和0.75%,求得校准曲线的回归方程为y=0.00435x+0.561,相关系数为r=0.9998,平均回收率为100.1%,RSD=0.71%(n=5)。     

去甲氧基姜黄素磷脂复合物的复合率测定

建立紫外可见分光光度法测定去甲氧基姜黄素磷脂复合物含量的方法.采用紫外可见分光光度法测定去甲氧基姜黄素磷脂复合物中参与复合的药物的量,由此计算复合率.结果表明去甲氧基姜黄素在420nm处有最大吸收,浓度在1.03-6.18μg·mL-1时与吸光度呈良好的线性关系,回归方程为:A=0.1464C+0.0679,r=0.9997(n=6);平均回收率为99.32％,RSD为0.51％.本方法操作简便易行,具有良好的重现性和精密度.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.