共振光散射法(RLS)研究外源刺激对CdSe/ZnS量子点/TiO_2纳米复合物与人血清白蛋白的相互作用的影响

近似生理条件下,采用共振光散射法研究了CdSe/ZnS量子点/TiO_2纳米复合物同人血清白蛋白的相互作用,通过分析影响二者相互作用的纳米复合物浓度、pH、NaCl浓度、反应温度、检测时间、共存离子、表面活性剂、加样顺序等外源刺激因素,结果表明:新形成的复合体系可能加强蛋白质的疏水腔,使在水溶液中形成的疏水界面趋于集中,从而导致其共振光散射强度增强;体系受pH的影响变化非常灵敏;适当的NaCl浓度可以提高体系的I_(RLS)值灵敏度;共存离子改变了体系的离子强度,从而导致体系的△I_(RLS)值的改变;反应时间为5 min时,体系I_(RLS)值基本稳定;同一种表面活性剂对于不同的体系的I_(RLS)值的作用不完全一致,带相反电荷的表面活性剂与纳米复合物有很强的静电作用;对于与HSA相互作用的多元复合体系,加样顺序的不同对体系的I_(RLS)值的影响很明显;体系的I_(RLS)值随温度的改变呈不完全单调增加的趋势。这些信息为纳米材料与生物大分子的相互作用机制提供理论支撑,有助于深入了解纳米材料的生物相容性和安全性。     

孔雀石绿-锌(Ⅱ)-牛血清白蛋白的共振光散射及其分析应用

基于牛血清白蛋白(BSA)使孔雀石绿(MG)-锌(Ⅱ)配合物体系的共振光散射光谱(RLS)信号增强,建立了一种测定痕量蛋白质的新方法。探讨了pH、MG浓度、金属离子浓度、共存物质等因素对共振光散射强度的影响。在优化实验条件下,RLS强度与BSA浓度的线性范围为0.1—25μg/mL,检出限0.06μg/mL,运用该方法对合成样品加标回收测定,结果满意。     

阴离子染料百里酚蓝与纳克级核酸的共振光散射光谱特性及其分析应用

在 p H6 .0 0— 7.0 0和离子强度低于 0 .0 5 0 mol/ L的条件下 ,研究了百里酚蓝 (TB) -十六烷基三甲基溴化铵 (CTMAB) -核酸体系的共振光散射光谱 (RLS) ,影响因素及最佳反应条件。在最佳条件下 ,体系的ΔIRL S与 y DNA、ct DNA和 fs DNA在一定的浓度范围内呈线性关系。检出限可达 1.30 ng/ m L。该方法简便、快速 ,具有较高的灵敏度和准确度 ,应用于合成样品中核酸的测定 ,结果令人满意     

铝试剂的共振散射光谱研究

研究了铝试剂 (ATA)的共振散射光谱、吸收光谱和荧光光谱。在pH3 7～ 1 1 0的溶液中 ,ATA的共振光散射 (RLS)信号很弱 ;当pH <3 7时 ,RLS随pH值减小而增强 ,pH 2 7时达到最大。RLS信号增强的原因是ATA由带负电荷的型体转变为中性分子并聚集形成超分子聚合体。RLS光谱图中 2 60和 340nm出现两个散射峰 ,30 0nm处为一峰谷 ,而在吸收光谱图中 30 0nm处为一吸收峰 ,由此可知ATA的RLS光谱与其吸收光谱有关 ,RLS信号强度随波长的变化不符合瑞利散射定律。ATA的荧光激发光谱和发射光谱不重叠 ,说明RLS光谱中没有共振荧光成分。在实验条件一定时 ,RLS强度与ATA浓度有关 ,但不是严格的线性关系。     

偶氮胭脂红B共振瑞利光散射技术测定人血清中的总蛋白

在0.1mol/LH2SO4介质中,偶氮胭脂红B(ACB)与蛋白质结合形成的复合物在599nm处产生强烈的共振瑞利光散射信号.在最佳反应条件下,建立了共振瑞利光散射技术测定蛋白质的新方法.该方法对牛血清白蛋白(BSA)、人血清白蛋白(HSA)及免疫球蛋白(IgG)测定的线性范围分别为0.25-20.0、0.25-20.0及0.25-25.0μg/mL,检出限均小于0.20μg/mL,且大量存在的常见金属离子、氨基酸等共存物质不干扰测定,用于人血清样品中总蛋白质的测定,结果满意.     

硫化银体系共振散射光谱研究及分析应用

Triton X- 1 0 0存在下 ,在碱性介质中 ,Ag 与 S2 -形成 Ag2 S微粒 ,Ag 与 S2 -反应体系的共振光散射(RLS)明显增强 ,建立了水中痕量银的测定方法。Ag 浓度在 0 .0 1 1— 6 .0 0 μg/ m L范围内具有良好的线性关系 (r=0 .9992 )。方法检出限 3.5 6 ng/ m L;相对标准偏差 0 .5 3%— 1 .97%;样品加标回收率 92 .82 %—1 0 6 .0 0 %。方法简便 ,测定体系抗干扰的效果好 ,灵敏度高。     

桑色素-Ce(Ⅳ)体系共振光散射法选择性测定小牛胸腺DNA

研究了桑色素与Ce(Ⅳ)反应形成的络合物与DNA作用的共振光散射(RLS)特征,发现小牛胸腺DNA(ctDNA)或鲱鱼精DNA(hsDNA)的加入都能使桑色素-Ce(Ⅳ)体系在320 nm处的共振光散射峰增强。在最优条件下,RLS强度与ctDNA的浓度在0～25 μg·mL-1范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为0.3 μg·mL-1;但是RLS强度对hsDNA的浓度却没有线性响应。并且,由于RLS强度对hsDNA浓度的响应值大大低于同浓度的ctDNA,因此可用于hsDNA存在下对ctDNA的选择性测定。将该法用于4种合成样的测定,回收率在93.7%～108.4%之间。     

水溶性硫化铅纳米粒子的合成及应用于汞离子检测

室温下以柠檬酸三纳为稳定剂,在水相中合成了PbS纳米粒子（NP-PbS）。用共振光散射技术（RLS）探索了最佳条件下,体系RLS强度（IRLS）与汞离子浓度在0.001—10μmol/L测定区间内呈现良好的线性（r=0.9941）,据此,建立了测定水中的微量汞的方法。方法的检出限为0.6nmol/L,样品加标平均回收率为100.35%。     

格拉司琼与磷钨杂多酸相互作用的共振光散射及分析应用

在pH 2.2 BR缓冲介质中, 磷钨杂多酸(PTA)与格拉司琼(GSN)相互作用形成离子缔合物, 不仅引起吸收光谱的变化, 还导致共振散射光谱(RLS)的显著增强并产生新的RLS光谱, 最大RLS峰位于333 nm附近, 其RLS增强程度与格拉司琼浓度成线性关系, 检出限和线性范围分别为12 ng/mL和0.04～3.0 μg/mL。文中研究了反应产物的吸收和RLS光谱特征, 优化反应条件的影响, 据此发展了以磷钨杂多酸为光谱探针的灵敏、简便、快速测定格拉司琼的新方法。将方法用于血清中格拉司琼含量的快速定, 结果满意。讨论了离子缔合反应和RLS增强机理。     

光谱法研究钙红-Cu(Ⅱ)络合物与蛋白质的相互作用及其应用

研究了钙红-Cu(Ⅱ)络合物与牛血清蛋白(BSA)作用的共振光散射光谱(RLS)、荧光光谱和电子吸收光谱特征,建立了利用金属配合物作为探针测定痕量蛋白质的方法。钙红-Cu(Ⅱ)-BSA三元络合物的形成导致RLS强度和荧光强度的增大;同时引起电子吸收光谱的强度减小,594 nm处吸收峰消失。在pH5.65～5.75的酸度条件下,钙红-Cu(Ⅱ)络合物与BSA系统在317 nm处有一增强的RLS光谱峰,且增强的RLS强度与BSA的浓度呈线性关系。在实验室确定的优化条件下,RLS强度与BSA浓度的线性范围为0.75～10 μg·mL-1, 线性方程为I=150.88+201.48c(BSA ,μg·mL-1),相关系数r=0.997 3。方法检出限为5.62×10-2 μg·mL-1。该方法成功地用于人工混合样品中BSA含量的测定。对钙红-Cu(Ⅱ)络合物与BSA的作用机制的研究表明,钙红-Cu(Ⅱ)络合物与BSA之间主要存在的是静电引力。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.