高维正定核的本征值

设G为IR_m中的闭单位正方体,定义在G×G上的连续核K(x,y)是对称正定的,K_1(x,y)是它的实部.本文证明,如K_1(x,y)的偏导数是连续的,则K(x,y)的本征值为λ_n(K)=o(n~(-1-1/m);如K_1(x,y)满足α阶Lipschitz条件,则λ_n(K)=O(n~(-1-a/m);如K_1(x,y)的偏导数满足α阶Lip-条件,则λ_n(K)=O(n~(-1-(1+a)/m.文[3,4,5]中有关定理,是上述结果在m=1时的推论.     

Positive Solutions of Hammerstein Nonlinear Integral Equations

In this paper we consider the Hammerstein nonlinear integral equation (x)=integral from G (K(x,y) f(y,(y))dy=A(x)) (1) where G is a bounded closed domain in R"; the function f(x,u) is non-negative,continuous on G×[0,+∞) and f(x,0)≡0; the kernel k(x,y) is non-negative continuous on G×G. Obviously, A acts in the space C(G) and is completely continuous. Theorem 1 Suppose that (i) lim u~(-1)f(x,u)=0 and lim u~(-1)f(x, u)=+∞     

L_p空间中积分方程的几个问题

Fredholm及Volterra第二种方程一般在连续类或L_2类中讨论,如文献[4]—[6]。在L_p空间中的推广首先由F.Riesz等作出。不过讨论的是线性Fredholm方程仅设φ(x),f(x)∈L_p,而K_φ=integral from n=a to b K(x,y)φ(y)dy是L_p上的线性算子,但未给出核的具体条件。并用抽象算子方法论证算子方程解的存在唯一性,用全连续算子理论讨论Fredholm的几个定理。     

两类二阶变系数线性微分方程的求解

本文介绍作者在文 [1 ]中给出的两类二阶变系数线性微分方程 ,并用不同于 [1 ]中的方法证明其通解公式 ,同时指出常系数线性方程y″+by′+cy =0 ( 1 )和 Euler方程x2 y″+a1xy′+a2 y =0 ( 2 )都是其特例 ,它们的解式也是所给解式的特例。定理 1　设 G( x)在某区间 I上具有一阶连续导数 ,且 G( x)≠ 0 ,b和 c为实常数 ,则二阶变系数齐次线性方程y″+[b G( x) -G′( x)G( x) ]y′+c G2 ( x) y =0 ( 3 )的通解为( 1 ) b2 -4c<0时 ,y =[C1cos(ω∫Gdx) +C2 sin(ω∫Gdx) ]e- b2 ∫Gdx ( 4)　　 ( 2 ) b2 -4c=0时 ,y =( C1+C2∫Gdx) e- b…     

二阶非线性椭圆型方程组的复形式与某些边值问题

§1.二阶非线性椭圆型方程组的复形式 设实变量x,y,x_1,…,x_(12)的实变函数Φ_j(x,y,x_1,…,x_(12),j=1,2对区域G内任意的x,y和任意的实数x_1,…,x_(12)都有定义并且连续,又对任意的实数x_7,…,x_(12)都有一阶连续偏导数,而且没有实数λ,使以下行列式为0,即     

一个图的匹配数条件

设G是一个简单图,在图G中任意一个最大匹配的基数叫做G的匹配数,记作v(G),在这篇文章中我们获得了下面的结果,(1)设G是连通的和不完全的,则对于x,y∈v(G)和xyE(G),v(G-{x,y}=v(G)-1的充分必要条件是(a)G[A(G)]是完全的和A(G)的每一个点和C(G)的每一个点相邻,(b)c(D(G))=|A(G)| 1,和(c)y∈D(G-x)对于x,y∈C(G)。(2)设G是连通的和不完全的,则v(G-{x,y})=v(G)-2对于x,y∈V(G)和xyE(G)的充分必要条件是GK_(n,n),其中n≥2。     

巧用公共弦方程解题

众所周知 ,若相交两圆的方程分别为x2 y2 D1x E1y F1=0 ,x2 y2 D2 x E2 y F2 =0 ,则它们的公共弦所在直线的方程为( D1- D2 ) x ( E1- E2 ) y ( F1- F2 ) =0 .这个方程应用很广 ,它不仅使解有关两圆相交问题简捷方便 ,而且还有利于解有关圆锥曲线的弦的方程问题 .例 1　在椭圆 x21 6 y24 =1内有一定点A( 1 ,1 ) ,过点 A作一直线与椭圆相交于 B,C两点 ,且使得点 A恰好是弦 BC的中点 ,求此直线的方程 .解　设 B,C两点的坐标分别为 B( x,y) ,C( x1,y1) ,则由中点坐标公式得x1=2 - x,　 y1=2 - y,因为 B,C两点…     

一类乘积核的本征值分布

本文讨论了一类形如 G( x,y) =m1( x) K( x,y) m2 ( y)的乘积核所诱导的积分算子的本征值的分布问题 ,其中 K ( x,y)∈ CΩ×Ω 是正定的 .当 m1( x) ,m2 ( x)∈ CΩ 并且 m1( x) m2 ( x) 0时 ,我们证明了TG∶ L2 ( Ω)→L2 ( Ω)是迹算子 ,其本征值非负并得到了一个迹公式∑n∈ Nλn( TG) =∫Ωm1( x) K ( x,x) m2 ( x) dx.对于 m1( x) ,m2 ( x)∈ L∞( Ω)的情形 ,我们证明了一个稍弱的结果 .∑n∈ N|λn( TG) | ‖ m1. m2 ‖L∞∫ΩK( x,x) dx.     

关于Hammerstein型非线性积分方程固有值的一点注记

Let Aφ(x)=∫_GK(x,y)f(y,φ(y))dy, where G is a bounded closed domain in Euclidean space, K(x,y) is continuous on G×G, f(x,u) is continuous on G×R, and f(x,0)≡0. Set G_x={x|x∈G,K(x,y)≠0},G_y={y|y∈G,K(x,y)≠0},G₁=G_x∩G_y≠φ.Let K₁(x,y) be the restriction of K(x,y) on G₁×G₁,f₁(x,u)be the restriction of f(x, u) on G₁× R, and A₁φ=∫_G1K₁(x,y)f₁(y,φ₁(y))dy, The main result of this paper is Theorem λ≠0 is an eigenvalue of A, if and only if λ is an eigenvalue of A₁.     

深刻的背景,持久的热点——2012年高考数学北京卷理科第19题赏析

1试题呈现已知曲线C:(5-m)x2+(m-2)y2=8(m∈R).(1)若曲线C是焦点在x轴上的椭圆,求m的取值范围;(2)设m=4,曲线C与y轴的交点为A,B(点A位于点B的上方),直线y=kx+4与曲线C交于不同的两点M,N,直线y=1与直线BM交于点G,求证:A,G,N三点共线.     

线载荷积分方程法的位移和应力场的唯一性定理

根据Fredholm定理,本文证明了由满足边界条件的分布于弹性体所占的区域之外的虚的基本载荷引起的弹性体所占的区域之内的位移和应力场是唯一的.本定理为线载荷积分方程法的应用奠定理论基础.     

First Order System of Equations of Mixed Type and Second Order Equation of Mixed Type

A system of first order equations of mixed type, which may be reduced to a general second order equation of mixed type, is considered. Uniqueness of solution to the generalized Tricomi problem is proved by the method of auxiliary function. Existence of H¹ strong solution is based on a characteristic problem and is proved by the Fredholm's alternative properties.     

On the fast solutions of nonlinear elliptic equations

Summary In a recent paper we described a multi-grid algorithm for the numerical solution of Fredholm's integral equation of the second kind. This multi-grid iteration of the second kind has important applications to elliptic boundary value problems. Here we study the treatment of nonlinear boundary value problems. The required amount of computational work is proportional to the work needed for a sequence of linear equations. No derivatives are required since these linear problems are not the linearized equations.     

Clifford分析中于特征流形上奇异积分方程的正则化

借助于多元复分析的思想，此文利用Clifford分析中于特征流形上奇异积分的两种Poincare＇-Bretrand置换公式，研究特征流形上奇异积分方程的Fredhlom理论，找到了它的正则化算子．     

Error estimate for the numerical solution of Fredholm's integral equation

A bound on the actual error incurred in the numerical solution of Fredholm's integral equations with symmetric kernel is obtained, using computed approximations of some eigenvalues.This article is a part of D. Sc. Thesis of E. Rakotch.     

A generalization of the coupled integrable dispersionless equations

The paper investigates an extension of the coupled integrable dispersionless equations, which describe the current‐fed string within an external magnetic field. By using the relation among the coupled integrable dispersionless equations, the sine‐Gordon equation and the two‐dimensional Toda lattice equation, we propose a generalized coupled integrable dispersionless system. N‐soliton solutions to the generalized system are presented in the Casorati determinant form with arbitrary parameters. By choosing real or complex parameters in the Casorati determinant, the properties of one‐soliton and two‐soliton solutions are investigated. It is shown that we can obtain solutions in soliton profile and breather profile. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

两个方程的 Wronskian 解及 Young 图证明

In this paper, we obtain the linear differential conditions of （3 ＋ 1）-dimensional Jimbo-Miwa equation and Boiti-Leon-Manna-Pempinelli equation, which guarantee that the corresponding Wronskian determinant solves the two equations in the Hirota bilinear form. By using the properties of Young diagram, we have proved the results.     

Two-interval Sturm-Liouville operators in modified Hilbert spaces

By modifying the inner product in the direct sum of the Hilbert spaces associated with each of two underlying intervals on which the Sturm-Liouville equation is defined, we generate self-adjoint realizations for boundary conditions with any real coupling matrix whose determinant is positive. This contrasts with the usual theory which requires the coupling matrix to have determinant one.     

Painlevé VI,Painlevé III,and the Hankel determinant associated with a degenerate Jacobi unitary ensemble

This paper studies the Hankel determinant generated by a perturbed Jacobi weight, which is closely related to the largest and smallest eigenvalue distribution of the degenerate Jacobi unitary ensemble. By using the ladder operator approach for the orthogonal polynomials, we find that the logarithmic derivative of the Hankel determinant satisfies a nonlinear second-order differential equation, which turns out to be the Jimbo–Miwa–Okamoto σ-form of the Painlevé VI equation by a translation transformation. We also show that, after a suitable double scaling, the differential equation is reduced to the Jimbo–Miwa–Okamoto σ-form of the Painlevé III. In the end, we obtain the asymptotic behavior of the Hankel determinant as t→1⁻ and t→0⁺ in two important cases, respectively.     

Painlevé transcendents and the Hankel determinants generated by a discontinuous Gaussian weight

This paper studies the Hankel determinants generated by a discontinuous Gaussian weight with one and two jumps. It is an extension in a previous study, in which they studied the discontinuous Gaussian weight with a single jump. By using the ladder operator approach, we obtain a series of difference and differential equations to describe the Hankel determinant for the single jump case. These equations include the Chazy II equation, continuous and discrete Painlevé IV. In addition, we consider the large n behavior of the corresponding orthogonal polynomials and prove that they satisfy the biconfluent Heun equation. We also consider the jump at the edge under a double scaling, from which a Painlevé XXXIV appeared. Furthermore, we study the Gaussian weight with two jumps and show that a quantity related to the Hankel determinant satisfies a two variables' generalization of the Jimbo‐Miwa‐Okamoto σ‐form of the Painlevé IV.