载有电流的超导膜的能隙和临界电流

利用文献所导出的补偿方程和电流方程,计算了一个载有电流的超导膜的能隙,给出了它和电流的依赖关系。所得到的结果适用于所有的温度,但电流数值要比较小。在温度接近T_c的范围内,本文还对超导膜的临界电流问题进行了讨论。文中指出,非局域效应对于比较厚的超导膜的临界电流是重要的,但是对于比较薄的超导膜是不重要的。     

高温超导薄膜无源微波器件的应用

高温超导薄膜在微波器件中的应用,与常规导体相比可以减小器件的体积,重量,功率消耗和插入损耗,并且可以在液氮沸点附近工作,接近于卫星的环境温度100K,微波器件是在几个平方厘米的高温超导薄膜上制备的。这些薄膜必须要有最高的超导性能,如临界温度,临界电流密度以及微波表面电阻,因此高温度超导薄膜的应用受到制备大面积,高质量薄膜的限制,美国高温超导空间实验在1999年5月已经获得成功,使高温超导薄膜在微波器件中的应用成为现实。     

Dry-etching processes for high-temperature superconductors

Patterning of thin films and multilevel structures of high-temperature superconductors is a key technology for microelectronic applications. We performed a comparative study of Ion Beam Etching (IBE) and Reactive Ion Etching (RIE) processes for YBa₂Cu₃O_7−δ thin films. The RIE process with a pure chlorine plasma yielded small etching rates, caused by chemical modifications of the sample surface which result in a passivation layer reducing the chemical etching rate. Using IBE, microstructures down to the 1 μm regime could be fabricated without reducing the critical temperature T_c and the critical current density J_c of the material. Etching rates up to 40 nm/min could be achieved without deteriorating the properties of the superconducting film by cooling the sample effectively during the etching process. The influence of the etching process on J_c was investigated by imaging the spatial distribution of the critical current along the patterned microstructures using Low-Temperature Scanning Electron Microscopy (LTSEM).     

吸气溅射Mo1-xSix薄膜的超导性能

对于四个Mo_1-xSi_x薄膜样品进行了超导转变温度、临界温度附近的临界磁场以及在4.2K下的临界电流的测试,并且测量了室温(300K)及低温(8K)下的电阻率,结果显示四个样品具有非晶的特征,其中Mo₇₈Si₂₂薄膜样品有较好的非晶特性。 关键词：     

Long-term stability of Bi(2223) and Dy(123) superconducting tapes in the direct current circuit

The stability of critical parameters T _c and I _c of commercial high-temperature superconducting wires upon long-term passage of transport current (about 0.7I _c) in liquid nitrogen (77 K) is studied. Voltage-current characteristics U(I), as well as the critical current and critical temperature, are investigated for the case of Bi(2223) hermetic multifilament wires and Dy(123) superconducting tapes covered by a thin Ag layer. In the former case, a considerable decrease in the critical current (by ～30%) and swelling of the wires after passage of the current for 323 h are observed. The same is true for a reference sample, which does not experience the action of current and stays in liquid nitrogen for 700 h. The decrease in the critical current in the Bi(2223) sample is likely to be associated with penetration of a liquid coolant into the composite conductor: evaporating and expanding as a result of heating, it severely deforms the material. The Dy(123) sample grown epitaxially demonstrates high stability of the critical current after it has experienced the action of current for 400 h and been kept in liquid nitrogen for 1000 h.     

AC response of YBa2Cu3O7 thin film superconductor

Low-field ac measurements of magnetic susceptibility of YBa₂Cu₃O₇ high-temperature superconducting thin film were carried out over a wide range of temperatures and ac magnetic field amplitudes. A strong field dependence of the real χ′ and imaginary χ″ components was observed. The field dependence of the imaginary component is used to extract the temperature dependence of the critical current density in the sample using the critical state model. The exponent β of the power law relation J_c ～ (1 ? T/T_c)^β was determined from ac-susceptibility data and different values were found. Experimental results are compared with predictions of some existing theoretical models describing the ac response of superconducting thin film in perpendicular ac field.     

Effect of electron-beam irradiation on the magnetic properties of Ga1−xMnxAs thin films grown on GaAs (100) substrates

The effect of electron-beam irradiation on the magnetic properties of (Ga_1−xMn_x)As thin films grown on GaAs (100) substrates by using molecular beam epitaxy was investigated. The ferromagnetic transition temperature (T_c) of the annealed (Ga_0.933Mn_0.067)As thin films was 160 K. The T_c value for the as-grown (Ga_0.933Mn_0.067)As thin films drastically decreased with increasing electron-beam current. This significant decrease in the T_c value due to electron-beam irradiation originated from the transformation of Mn substituted atoms, which contributed to the ferromagnetism, into Mn interstitials or Mn-related clusters. These results indicate that the magnetic properties of (Ga_1−xMn_x)As thin films grown on GaAs (100) substrates are significantly affected by electron-beam irradiation.     

N-S多层薄膜结构的超导临界温度讨论

本文推广了McMillan隧道模型,并应用于厚度小于超导相干长度的超导和正常膜组成的N-S多层薄膜结构。计算了它的序参量和超导临界温度。由于界面区域电声子作用的修正以及不同原子的掺杂所引起的T_c增强的可能性也作了讨论。 关键词：     

Bl结构MoNx薄膜的制备及物理性能研究

我们对以反应性溅射法制备的MoN_x薄膜测量了超导转变温度T_c,电阻率ρ(T)(从T_c起始到300K)。用X射线衍射技术、卢瑟福背散射(RBS)、俄歇谱仪和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)技术对这些样品进行了分析。实验结果表明T_c和ρ(T)随N含量改变而变化。当样品是B1结构时,T_c小于4.2K,而且样品内还有过量的N存在。俄歇分析表明,样品内有O,C杂质存在。这些因素都可能导致T_c很低,ρ(T)呈负的温度系数。 关键词：     

Synthesis of heavy fermion CeCoIn5 thin film via pulsed laser deposition

CeCoIn₅ (Co115) thin films have been grown on Al₂O₃ (000l) substrates through the pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The films are grown mainly along the c-axis, with CeIn₃ and In-related alloys. The rock-salt type grains are nucleated, where Co115 grains mixed with excess indium are evenly distributed over the substrate. The electrical resistivity of the films shows a Kondo coherence peak near 47 K and the zero-resistance superconducting state at 1.8 K, which is the first observation in the PLD grown thin films of Co115. The Rietveld refinement of the thin films shows that the c/a ratio (tetragonality) is suppressed to 1.6312 from 1.6374 of single crystals, which is consistent with the linear relationship between the superconducting transition temperature and tetragonality. The good agreement indicates that the PLD could provide an alternative route to tune the 2D character of the critical spin fluctuations to understand the superconducting pairing mechanism of Co115.     

Enhanced critical current density of MgB2 thin films deposited at low temperatures by ZnO seed impurity

We report a facile method to enhance the critical current density (J_c) of superconducting MgB₂ thin films. MgB₂ thin films were deposited on zinc acetate dehydrate (Zn(CH₃COO)₂2H₂O) spin-coated Al₂O₃ (000l) substrates by using a hybrid physical-chemical vapor deposition system at low temperatures. Synthesis of MgB₂ at low temperatures can reduce the substitution of Zn into the Mg site, hence avoiding the reduction of superconducting critical temperature. MgB₂ thin films grown on ZnO-buffered layers showed a significant enhancement of J_c in the magnetic field due to the creation of additional pinning sources, namely point defects and grain boundaries. Broad peaks were observed in the magnetic field dependence of the flux pinning force density, indicating competition of different pinning sources.     

准分子激光扫描消融淀积大尺寸超导薄膜

利用我们设计的一套光学变换传输系统实现了激光束在超导靶上一定范围内扫描消融来淀积高T_c超导薄膜。实验表明用这种激光扫描消融方法可使大尺寸超导薄膜的厚度均匀性得到较大的改善。我们采用激光扫描半径为9mm在12mm×33mm的Y-ZrO₂基片上淀积出零电阻温度T_c≥90K,临界电流密度J_c(零磁场,77K)≥1×10⁶A/cm²,薄膜c轴择优取向,厚度均匀性较好的YBa _关键词：     

低温下质子辐照对Y-Ba-Cu—O和La-Sr-Cu-O性质的影响

使用外延YBa₂Cu₃O₇薄膜,测量了低温下(液氮或液氦温度)质子辐照对样品输运性质的影响。不仅观察到由低温辐照引起的样品超导转变温度T_c下降及电阻率P上升,还观察到dp/dT的上升和发生金属至非金属的相变。经室温热循环的样品显示出强烈室温退火效应。近60％由辐照引起的样品电阻升高和T_c下降可以得到恢复,并可伴随发生非金属至金属的相变,在La-Sr-Cu-O薄膜的低温辐照实验中观察到了类似的室温退 关键词：     

Macrostructure of high-temperature superconducting YBaCuO thin films grown by laser ablation

The superconducting parameters and macrostructure of YBaCuO thin films grown by laser ablation on SrTiO₃ substrates are influenced by the substrate temperature during growth. In a study of this influence it is found that the macrostructure has significant bearing on the superconducting parameters of the films and on the critical current, in particular. For J _c⩽10⁵ A/cm² the films have a distinctly pronounced granular structure, while for J _c>10⁵ A/cm² the films do not have any kind of block structure. Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 68, 48–51 (February 1998)     

Ginzberg-Landau理论对超导薄膜的适用性

本文指出虽然三十年来Ginzberg-Landau理论(以下简称G-理论)被人们广泛地用于描述超导薄膜的临界场,而且它还是描述强耦合超导薄膜临界场的唯一理论,但G-L关于薄膜临界场的理论不仅一直未得到实验证明,而且它既不能用于描述结晶态的弱耦合超导薄膜的临界场,也不适用于描述强耦合超导薄膜的临界场。本文还提出了一个在薄膜极限下定域的新判据:ξ<<λ,ξ<关键词：     

A new model analysis of the third harmonic voltage in inductive measurement for critical current density of superconducting films

The critical current density J c is one of the most important parameters of high temperature superconducting films in superconducting applications,such as superconducting filter and superconducting Josephson devices.This paper presents a new model to describe inhomogeneous current distribution throughout the thickness of superconducting films applying magnetic field by solving the differential equation derived from Maxwell equation and the second London equation.Using this model,it accurately calculates the inductive third-harmonic voltage when the film applying magnetic field with the inductive measurement for J c.The theoretic curve is consistent with the experimental results about measuring superconducting film,especially when the third-harmonic voltage just exceeds zero.The J c value of superconducting films determined by the inductive method is also compared with results measured by four-probe transport method.The agreements between inductive method and transport method are very good.     

FLUCTUATIONS OF FLUX LINES ON THE SURFACE OF SUPERCONDUCTOR

In this paper, we study the magnetic structure of the half-ring flux line ended on the surface of a superconductor. The elemental modes for these half-ring flux lines are the half-ellipse flux lines ended on and perpendicular to the surface. The statistics of these half-ring flux lines is, in a certain degree, similar to the vortex-antivortex pairs in thin superconducting films. An abrupt change of the thermodynamic properties for this system takes place at a temperature lower than T_c. It is analogous to the KT transition in thin superconducting films in certain sense.     

Interaction and localization effects in two-dimensional film of superconductor at T > Tc

The magnetic field and temperature dependence of the resistance of thin Al films have been investigated at T > T_c (T_c - superconducting transition temperature). The results are explained on the basis of localization and electron-electron interaction theory in two-dimensional disordered systems. The temperature dependence of inelastic scattering time and interaction constant for such films is found.     

超导临界温度级数公式的应用

从超导临界温度级数公式(1)出发,得到了B类超导体同位素效应的表达。在μ^*=0及μ^*≠0时,我们得到了T_c上限的级数表达式,其结果与数值解符合甚好。最后,在μ^*=0时,讨论了T_c与各种谱参数的关系。由级数表达式可以清楚地看出,当固定不同参数时,T_c的行为完全不同,从而统一解释了不同作者关于声子谱对T_c影响的不同结论。我们着重指出,在大多数情况下,级数公式(1)仅取前两项,可作为数值解的很好近似,从而大大简化了级数公式。预计可以由此简化公式出发研究其它问题。 关键词：     

An X-ray absorption study of the electric field effect mechanism in “123” cuprates

X-ray absorption spectroscopy in the presence of an electric field has been used to study the doping mechanism of the CuO₂ planes in Nd_1+xBa_2-xCu₃O₇ compounds. The electric field effect doping is well-known as a method to modify the electrical properties of a thin film using an external gate voltage and in the copper based high critical temperature superconductors (HTS), it has been used to shift the critical temperature and even to induce phase transitions. Field effect experiments in ultra-thin HTS are usually interpreted by supposing that the induced charges develop into carriers in the CuO₂ conducting planes, thus changing the filling of the Zhang-Rice (ZR) band. Here we show that the polarization charges in both insulating and superconducting films, are mainly confined in the charge reservoir, and in particular in the CuO chains. The characteristics of the charge reservoir layer determine the doping of the CuO₂ planes, achieved by transfer of a fraction of the total injected charges. Moreover we found that holes injection in the CuO₂ planes is reduced in oxygen deficient NdBCO films.