汞的形态分析研究：（Ⅰ）萃取—液相色谱分离测定不同形态汞

本文报道了有机汞及无机汞与二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸盐形成络合物，经氯仿萃取后用反相高效液相色谱法进行分离测定的方法，对实验的最佳条件进行了探讨，用于测定加标西湖水样和海水中不同形态的汞含量，回收率为９３．２％－１１４％，相对标准偏差为甲基汞３．７％，乙基汞３．６％，苯基汞３．２％和无机汞３．０％，检测下限为０．２５、０．２１、０．１９和０．７２ｎｇ。     

固体进样一直接测汞仪法测定金精矿粉中微量汞

将金精矿粉样品直接置于石英舟中,在高纯氧气氛中燃烧,释放出汞,与齐化管中的金形成金汞齐,于900℃热释放出汞蒸汽,用直接测汞仪法测定汞的含量。测定结果的相对标准偏差为0．28％～1．57％（n=6）,方法检出限为1．0pg／kg,加标回收率为95．7％～117．4％。用该法对4种土壤标准样品进行了测定,测定结果与标准值相符。该方法适合于金精矿粉中微量汞的测定。     

罗丹明3B分光光度法测定食品和生物样品中微量汞

本文采用双硫腙-四氯化碳萃取浓集汞以分离干扰物质,研究了罗丹明3B置换光度法测定汞,提高了测定微量汞的灵敏度和稳定性。水样的分析灵敏度达0.5ppb。食品可测至0.02ppm(对5克试样)。对生物样品采用了不同回流装置的五氧化二钒催化消化法,方法简便,汞的回收率在90％以上。本法适用于粮食、酵母、毛发、牛奶和水中微量汞的测定。     

巯基棉分离富集-荧光分析法测定水中痕量汞

实验发现,在pH 7.8的KH_2PO_4-NaOH缓冲介质中,十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)可使Hg(Ⅱ)与吖啶橙(AO)反应后的荧光明显增强,据此建立了测定汞的荧光分析新方法。在最佳实验条件下,其质量浓度线性范围为0～200μg／L,检出限为2.47×10~(-9)g／mL。新建方法通过巯基棉分离富集汞,用于环境水样中痕量汞的测定,相对标准偏差为2.1％～4.7％,样品加标回收率为99.3％～101.2％,结果满意。     

ICP-AES法测定淀粉中的铅、汞、镉、砷

建立了ICP-AES法测定淀粉中铅、汞、镉、砷的方法。用HNO3、HClO4处理样品,然后用ICP-AES法进行测定。加标回收率为98．2％～104．3％,测定结果的相对标准偏差均小于5％(n=5)。     

冷原子吸收光谱法结合热解-原子吸收光谱法快速测定废水样中痕量无机汞和总有机汞

提出以冷原子吸收光谱法结合热解-原子吸收光潜法测定废水样中的痕量无机汞和总有机汞、水样经0．45μm膜过滤后不需消化处理,直接用冷原子吸收光谱法测定无机汞含量．用热解法测定总汞含量,二者之差为总有机汞含量。方法简便快速,干扰少．经加标回收实验验征,回收率为90％～103％．相对标准偏差(n=11)为3．8％。     

流动注射催化光度法测定中药和香烟中的汞(Ⅱ)

在硫酸介质中,利用汞(II)对溴酸钾氧化天青I的催化作用,建立了流动注射催化光度法测定汞(Ⅱ)的新方法;利用单纯形优化法选择了最佳实验条件;方法的线性范围为0．1—2．0mg／L,检出限为O．02mg／L,进样频率为45／h;该法用于中药和香烟中汞(II)的测定,回收率在97．8％～102.7％。     

氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定虾中砷和汞

建立了氢化物原子荧光法同时测定虾中砷和汞的方法。研究了样品前处理及实验条件对测定砷、汞的原子荧光强度的影响，并探讨了共存离子对测定砷、汞的干扰和消除的方法。本方法具有操作简便、快速、灵敏度高等优点，砷和汞的检出限分别为0．026μg/L和0．020μg／L；相对标准偏差分别为1．7％～9．4％和1．2％～9．4％；回收率为98％～106％。     

硫氰酸汞分光光度法测定空气颗粒物中的氯化氢

用硫氰酸汞分光光度法分别测定空气及空气颗粒物和空气中氯化氢的含量,利用相减法得出空气颗粒物中氯化氢的含量。线性范围为0～1．00μg/mL,线性回归方程为A=0．0799c 0．00124,相关系数为0.9995。该方法灵敏、简便,测定结果的相对标准偏差为6．8％(n=7),加标回收率为98．1％～103．9％。     

动力学-离子选择电极法测定污水中微量汞

已有人利用汞(Ⅱ)对亚铁氰化钾与邻菲啰啉之间的反应Fe(CN)_6~(4-)+3o-phen=Fe(o-pnen)_3~(2+)+6CN~-的催化作用,以库仑法测定了某些样品中的汞。本文研究了以pCN电极测定汞时的实验条件。发现当汞含量在一定范围内,E(mV)-logC_(Hg)(μg)成良好的线性关系。并对含汞量为0.1ppm的污水样进行了测定。本法的标准偏差为2.3×10~(-3),变动系数为2％,回收率为95％。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.