脉冲偏压电弧离子镀CNx薄膜研究

用脉冲偏压电弧离子镀通过控制不同的氮流量在(100)单晶Si基片上制备了不同成分的CN_x薄膜.用光学显微镜,XPS,XRD,激光Raman和Nanoindenter等方法研究了薄膜的形貌、成分、结构和性能.结果表明,薄膜表面平整致密、氮含量随着氮流量的降低而降低、结构为非晶且为类金刚石薄膜;随着氮含量从18.9%降低到5.3%(摩尔百分比,全文同),薄膜的硬度和弹性模量单调增加而且增幅较大,其中硬度从15.0 GPa成倍增加到30.0 GPa;通过氮流量的调整能够敏感地改变薄膜中的sp³键的含量,是CN_x薄膜的硬度和弹性模量获得大幅度调整的本质原因. 关键词： x薄膜')" href="#">CN_x薄膜 脉冲偏压 电弧离子镀 硬度     

脉冲偏压电弧离子镀CNx薄膜研究

用脉冲偏压电弧离子镀通过控制不同的氮流量在(100)单晶Si基片上制备了不同成分的CNx薄膜.用光学显微镜,XPS,XRD,激光Raman和Nanoindenter等方法研究了薄膜的形貌、成分、结构和性能.结果表明,薄膜表面平整致密、氮含量随着氮流量的降低而降低、结构为非晶且为类金刚石薄膜;随着氮含量从18.9%降低到5.3%(摩尔百分比,全文同),薄膜的硬度和弹性模量单调增加而且增幅较大,其中硬度从15.0 GPa成倍增加到30.0 GPa;通过氮流量的调整能够敏感地改变薄膜中的sp3键的含量,是CNx薄膜的硬度和弹性模量获得大幅度凋整的本质原因.     

射频功率对类金刚石薄膜结构和性能的影响

利用直流-射频-等离子体增强化学气相沉积技术在单晶硅表面制备了类金刚石薄膜，采用原子力显微镜、Raman光谱、x射线光电子能谱、红外光谱和纳米压痕仪考察了射频功率对类金刚石薄膜表面形貌、微观结构、硬度和弹性模量的影响.结果表明，制备的薄膜具有典型的含H类金刚石结构特征，薄膜致密均匀，表面粗糙度很小.随着射频功率的升高，薄膜中成键H的含量逐渐降低，而薄膜的sp3³含量、硬度以及弹性模量先升高， 后降低，并在射频功率为100W时达到最大. 关键词： 等离子增强化学气相沉积 类金刚石薄膜 射频功率 结构和性     

X光电子谱辅助Raman光谱表征N含量对非晶金刚石薄膜的结构影响

用过滤阴极真空电弧沉积系统制备掺N非晶金刚石(ta-C:N)薄膜,通过在阴极电弧区和沉积室同时通入N2气实现非晶金刚石薄膜的N原子掺杂,并通过控制N2气流速制备不同N原子含量的ta-C:N薄膜.用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和Raman光谱分析N含量对ta-C:N薄膜微观结构的影响.XPS分析结果显示:当N2气流速从2 cm3·min-1增加到20 cm3·min-1时,薄膜中N原子含量从0.84 at.%增加到5.37 at.%,同时随薄膜中N原子含量的增加,XPSC(1s)芯能谱峰位呈现单调增加的趋势,XPSC(1s)芯能谱的半高峰宽也随着N含量的增加而逐渐变宽.在Raman光谱中,随N原子含量增加,G峰的位置从1 561.61 cm-1升高到1 578.81 cm-1. XPs C(1s)芯能谱和Raman光谱分析结果表明:随N含量的增加,XPSC(1s)芯能谱中sp2/sp3值和Raman光谱中,ID/IG值均呈上升的趋势,两种结果都说明了随N原子含量增加,薄膜中sP2含量也增加,薄膜结构表现出石墨化倾向.     

脉冲偏压电弧离子镀TiO2薄膜的力学与光学性能

用脉冲偏压电弧离子镀技术在玻璃基片上制备均匀透明的TiO₂薄膜.利用X射线衍射仪、原子力显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、紫外-可见透射光谱仪和纳米压痕仪等手段,对不同脉冲负偏压下合成薄膜的相结构、微观结构、表面形貌、力学和光学性能进行表征.结果表明，沉积态薄膜为非晶态.脉冲负偏压对薄膜性能有明显的影响.随偏压的增加，薄膜厚度、硬度和弹性模量均先增大后减小，前者峰值出现在100—200 V负偏压范围，后两者则在250—350V范围.300 V负偏压时薄膜硬度最高，薄膜达到原子级表面光滑度，均方 关键词： 2薄膜')" href="#">TiO₂薄膜 脉冲偏压电弧离子镀 硬度 折射率     

Ti-B-C-N纳米复合薄膜结构及力学性能研究

利用反应磁控溅射方法在单晶硅和高速钢(W18Cr4V)基片上制备出不同C含量Ti-B-C-N纳米复合薄膜. 使用X射线衍射和高分辨透射电子显微镜研究了Ti-B-C-N纳米复合薄膜的组织和微观结构,用纳米压痕仪测试了它们的硬度和弹性模量. 结果表明,利用往真空室通入C₂H₂气体的方法制备得到的Ti-B-C-N纳米复合薄膜中,在所研究成分范围内只发现TiN基的纳米晶. 当C₂H₂流量较小时,C元素的加入可以促进Ti-B-C 关键词： Ti-B-C-N薄膜 磁控溅射 微观结构 力学性能     

X射线光电子能谱辅助Raman光谱分析类金刚石碳膜的结构细节

分别采用具有和不具有弯曲弧磁过滤器的两种真空阴极弧离子镀方法,在不同工艺参量下制备了类金刚石碳膜.采用Raman光谱和X射线光电子能谱(XPS),分析了不同工艺参量下的类金刚石碳膜的键结构,通过对Raman光谱的D峰、G峰和C1s电子结合能峰位、强度的对比,详细讨论了沉积工艺参量对类金刚石碳膜结构的影响.研究发现,不同工艺下具有高强度D峰Raman光谱的类金刚石碳膜,其C1s电子结合能却分别位于284.15,285.50eV,表明高度石墨化和高度金刚石化两种状态类金刚石碳膜,都可以形成具有高强度D峰Raman光谱曲线 关键词： 类金刚石碳膜 Raman光谱 X射线光电子能谱     

脉冲偏压电弧离子镀Cr-O薄膜结构及光学性能研究

采用脉冲偏压电弧离子镀技术在单晶硅基片及石英玻璃上制备了一系列均匀透明的Cr-O薄膜. 用场发射扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子谱、纳米压痕仪、紫外可见光分光光度计等方法对薄膜的表面形貌、膜厚、相结构、成分、元素的化学价态、硬度和光学性能等进行表征, 主要研究了偏压幅值对薄膜结构和性能的影响. 结果表明, 施加偏压可使薄膜的沉积质量明显提高, 其相结构由非晶态转变为晶体态, 并随着偏压幅值的增加, 由Cr₂O₃相向CrO相转变; 薄膜的硬度先增大后减小, 当偏压为-300 V时, 硬度达到最大值24.4 GPa; 薄膜具有良好的透光率, 最高可达72%; 当偏压为-200 V时, 薄膜的最大光学帯隙为1.88 eV.     

纳米磷化镓粉体中混杂石墨和金刚石微晶的拉曼光谱分析

利用Raman光谱并结合能量色散X射线显微分析(EDX)和X射线衍射图谱(XRD)对混杂于纳米磷化镓粉体内的石墨和金刚石纳米微晶进行了分析。结果表明,在纳米GaP粉体Raman光谱中,位于1324 cm-1和1572 cm-1的两个宽强散射谱带分别归属于金刚石的F2g模和石墨的E2g模振动。EDX结果证实纳米GaP粉体材料中含有碳元素。XRD图谱中出现了石墨和金刚石的低晶面指数衍射峰。     

磁控溅射(Ti,N)/Al纳米复合薄膜的微结构和力学性能

采用Al和TiN靶通过磁控共溅射方法, 制备了一系列Ti:N≈1的不同(Ti, N) 含量的铝基纳米复合薄膜, 利用X射线能量分散谱仪、X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜和纳米力学探针表征了薄膜的成分、 微结构和力学性能, 研究了(Ti, N)含量对复合薄膜微结构和力学性能的影响. 结果表明: Ti, N原子的共同加入使复合薄膜形成了同时具有置换固溶和间隙固溶特征的"双超过饱和固溶体", 薄膜的晶粒随着溶质含量的增加逐步纳米化, 并进一步形成非晶结构, 晶界区域形成溶质原子的富集区. 相应地, 复合薄膜的硬度在含1.8 at.%(Ti, N) 时就可迅速提高到3.9 GPa; 随着TiN含量的增加, 薄膜的硬度进一步提高到含17.1 at.%(Ti, N)时的8.8 GPa. 以上结果显示出Ti和N"双超过饱和固溶"对Al薄膜极其显著的强化效果.     

反应溅射VN/SiO2纳米多层膜的微结构与力学性能

采用V和SiO₂靶通过反应溅射方法制备了一系列具有不同SiO₂和VN调制层厚的VN/SiO₂纳米多层膜. 利用X射线衍射、X射线能量色散谱、高分辨电子显微镜和微力学探针表征了多层膜的微结构和力学性能. 结果表明：在Ar，N₂混和气体中，射频反应溅射的SiO₂薄膜不会渗氮. 单层膜时以非晶态存在的SiO₂，当其厚度小于1nm时，在多层膜中因VN晶体层的模板效应被强制晶化，并与VN层形成共格外延生长. 相应地，多层膜的硬度得到明显提高，最高硬度达34GPa. 随SiO₂层厚度的进一步增加，SiO₂层逐渐转变为非晶态，破坏了与VN层的共格外延生长结构，多层膜硬度也随之降低. VN调制层的改变对多层膜的生长结构和力学性能也有影响，但并不明显. 关键词： 2纳米多层膜')" href="#">VN/SiO₂纳米多层膜 共格外延生长 非晶晶化 超硬效应     

Fe纳米颗粒嵌埋对类金刚石薄膜结构及电学性能的影响

 采用脉冲激光气相沉积方法制备了不同Fe嵌埋浓度的Fe: DLC多层纳米复合薄膜。用X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对薄膜的组成成分进行分析。利用透射电子显微镜（TEM）、拉曼光谱、电流-电压曲线研究Fe纳米颗粒嵌埋对薄膜的微观结构及电学性能的影响。XPS和TEM表明,Fe纳米颗粒周期性地均匀地嵌埋在碳薄膜中。拉曼光谱表明薄膜中的C为典型的类金刚石结构,Fe纳米颗粒促进芳香环式结构的形成,薄膜结构的有序度提高。电流 电压曲线表明,Fe纳米颗粒的嵌埋导致薄膜的室温电导率增加。     

The microstructure, mechanical and friction properties of protective diamond like carbon films on magnesium alloy

Protective hard coatings deposited on magnesium alloys are believed to be effective for overcoming their poor wear properties. In this work, diamond-like carbon (DLC) films as hard protective films were deposited on AZ91 magnesium alloy by arc ion plating under negative pulse bias voltages ranging from 0 to −200 V. The microstructure, composition and mechanical properties of the DLC films were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and nanoindentation. The tribological behavior of uncoated and coated AZ91 magnesium alloy was investigated using a ball-on-disk tribotester. The results show that the negative pulse bias voltage used for film deposition has a significant effect on the sp³ carbon content and mechanical properties of the deposited DLC films. A maximum sp³ content of 33.3% was obtained at −100 V, resulting in a high hardness of 28.6 GPa and elastic modulus of 300.0 GPa. The DLC films showed very good adhesion to the AZ91 magnesium alloy with no observable cracks and delamination even during friction testing. Compared with the uncoated AZ91 magnesium alloy, the magnesium alloy coated with DLC films exhibits a low friction coefficient and a narrow, shallow wear track. The wear resistance and surface hardness of AZ91 magnesium alloy can be significantly improved by coating a layer of DLC protective film due to its high hardness and low friction coefficient.     

Nanostructured two-phase nc-TiN/a-(TiB2, BN) nanocomposite thin films

Thin films of Ti-B-N with different N contents were deposited on Si(1 0 0) at room temperature by reactive unbalanced close-field dc-magnetron sputtering using three Ti targets and one TiB₂ target in an Ar-N₂ gas mixture. The effect of N content on bonding structure, microstructure, phase configuration, surface roughness and mechanical properties have been investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy (SEM), plan-view and cross-sectional high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and microindentation measurements. It was found that the N content significantly affected phase segregation and microstructure. The nitrogen-free TiB_0.65 films showed an amorphous compound consisting of Ti and TiB₂ (Ti-TiB₂). After adding about 28 at.% N, Ti was preferentially bonded to N to form TiN, accompanying with formation of small amounts of TiB and BN bonds. At this stage they combined TiB₂ to form a two-phase nanocomposite with microstructures comprising of nanocrystalline (nc-) TiN phase in nitrogen-containing amorphous (a-) TiB₂ matrix. Addition of more N promoted formation of BN bonding at cost of TiB₂, which resulted in formation of nanocomposite nc-TiN/a-(TiB₂, BN) thin films. A small grain less than 8 nm in size was found at low N content, and the grain size increased with increasing N content. A low microhardness value of about 20 GPa was obtained in the amorphous Ti-TiB₂ compound, and a maximum microhardness value of about 50 GPa was achieved in nc-TiN/a-TiB₂. A decrease of microhardness took place after formation of BN (i.e. amorphous matrix composed by both TiB₂ and BN) with further increasing N content, and a hardness value of about 35 GPa was followed at high N contents. The surface roughness strongly depended on the phase configuration. The higher the mole fraction of nanocrystalline TiN phase, the rougher the surface became.     

Preparation and tribological properties of DLC/Ti filmby pulsed laser arc deposition

This paper reports that DLC (diamond like carbon)/Ti and DLC films were prepared by using pulsed laser arc deposition. R-ray diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, nanoindenter, spectroscopic ellipsometer, surface profiler and micro-tribometer were employed to study the structure and tribological properties of DLC/Ti and DLC films. The results show that DLC/Ti film, with $I(D)/I(G)$ 0.28 and corresponding to 76{\%} sp$^{3}$ content calculated by Raman spectroscopy, uniform chemical composition along depth direction, 98 at{\%} content of carbon, hardness 8.2 GPa and Young's modulus 110.5 GPa, compressive stress 6.579 GPa, thickness 46~nm, coefficient of friction 0.08, and critical load 95mN, exhibits excellent mechanical and tribological properties.     

电化学方法制备ZnO纳米颗粒掺杂类金刚石薄膜及其场发射性能研究

采用液相电化学沉积技术制备了ZnO纳米颗粒掺杂的类金刚石(DLC)薄膜, 研究了ZnO纳米颗粒掺杂对DLC薄膜场发射性能的影响. 利用X射线光电子能谱、透射电子显微镜、Raman光谱以及原子力显微镜分别对薄膜的化学组成、 微观结构和表面形貌进行了表征. 结果表明: 薄膜中的ZnO纳米颗粒具有纤锌矿结构, 其含量随着电解液中Zn源的增加而增加. ZnO纳米颗粒掺杂增强了DLC薄膜的石墨化和表面粗糙度. 场发射测试表明, ZnO纳米颗粒掺杂能提高DLC薄膜的场发射性能, 其中Zn与Zn+C的原子比为10.3%的样品在外加电场强度为20.7 V/μm时电流密度达到了1 mA/cm². 薄膜场发射性能的提高归因于ZnO掺杂引起的表面粗糙度和DLC薄膜石墨化程度的增加.     

Atomic oxygen resistant behaviors of Mo/diamond-like carbon nanocomposite lubricating films

Mo doped diamond-like carbon (Mo/DLC) films were deposited on Si substrates via unbalanced magnetron sputtering of molybdenum combined with plasma chemical vapor deposition of CH₄/Ar. The microstructure of the films, characterized by transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction, was considered as a nanocomposite with nano-sized MoC particles uniformly embedded in the amorphous carbon matrix. The structure, morphology, surface composition and tribological properties of the Mo/DLC films before and after the atomic oxygen (AO) irradiation were investigated and a comparison made with the DLC films. The Mo/DLC films exhibited more excellent degradation resistant behaviors in AO environment than the DLC films, and the MoC nanoparticles were proved to play a critical role of preventing the incursion of AO and maintaining the intrinsic structure and excellent tribological properties of DLC films.     

辉光放电等离子体辅助XeCl准分子激光溅射沉积碳氮薄膜

利用直流辉光放电等离子体辅助的脉冲激光沉积技术在Si衬底上生长了碳氮薄膜.通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱、俄歇电子能谱等多种手段,对薄膜的形貌、成分、晶体结构、价键状态等特性进行了分析和确定.结果表明,沉积薄膜为含有非晶SiN和晶态氮化碳颗粒结构,晶态成分呈多晶态,主要为α-C₃N₄相、β-C₃N₄相,晶粒大小为40—60nm.碳氮之间主要以C-N非极性共价键形式相结合. 关键词： 脉冲激光沉积 直流辉光放电 碳氮薄膜     

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study of nitrogen incorporated amorphous carbon films embedded with nanoparticles

The effect of substrate bias on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study of nitrogen incorporated amorphous carbon (a-C:N) films embedded with nanoparticles deposited by filtered cathodic jet carbon arc technique is discussed. High resolution transmission electron microscope exhibited initially the amorphous structure but on closer examination the film was constituted of amorphous phase with the nanoparticle embedded in the amorphous matrix. X-ray diffraction study reveals dominantly an amorphous nature of the film. A straight forward method of deconvolution of XPS spectra has been used to evaluate the sp³ and sp² contents present in these a-C:N films. The carbon (C 1s) peaks have been deconvoluted into four different peaks and nitrogen (N 1s) peaks have been deconvoluted into three different peaks which attribute to different bonding state between C, N and O. The full width at half maxima (FWHM) of C 1s peak, sp³ content and sp³/sp² ratio of a-C:N films increase up to −150 V substrate bias and beyond −150 V substrate bias these parameters are found to decrease. Thus, the parameters evaluated are found to be dependent on the substrate bias which peaks at −150 V substrate bias.