四角锥氧化锌的制备及其强蓝光发射性质研究

采用热蒸发锌(Zn)粉的方法制备了大量的ZnO纳米棒状和四角锥状结构。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、拉曼光谱(Raman Spectra)和光致发光谱(PL)对样品进行了形貌,结构和发光特性分析。结果表明:合成的ZnO纳米棒具有良好的晶体结构,直径约100～500 nm,长度约2～5μm,还有一些四角锥状结构。在325 nm波长光激发下,有微弱的391 nm带边紫外发射和很强的488 nm蓝光发射,呈现出纳米ZnO优异的蓝光特性,并对其生长机理和发光机理进行了初步的探讨。     

ZnO纳米棒的拉曼和发光光谱研究(英文)

本文对采用湿化学方法合成的ZnO纳米棒样品的拉曼光谱和发光光谱进行了研究。由扫描电镜结果可知,合成的ZnO纳米棒具有很好的尺寸发布均匀性,直径在30 nm左右,长度大于1微米。采用显微拉曼光谱技术,得到了632.8 nm波长激发的拉曼光谱,并和体相样品的拉曼光谱进行了对比分析;由325 nm激光波长激发得到的荧光光谱可知样品具有很好的紫外发光性质。     

直立Zn_2GeO_4/ZnO纳米棒阵列的制备及其发光性质研究

利用化学气相沉积法(CVD)在表面溅射Au和沉积ZnO籽晶的硅衬底上分别生长高度有序、垂直密布的直立Zn2GeO4/ZnO纳米棒阵列,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和光致发光(PL)谱测试手段对所制备样品进行表征和发光特性的研究。所制备的Zn2GeO4/ZnO纳米棒的直径为350~400 nm,高度为10~11μm;室温PL谱观察到3个来源于Zn2GeO4的典型发光峰。最后,对CVD法制备的Zn2GeO4/ZnO纳米棒生长机理进行了分析。该种直立性良好的一维纳米棒材料可以广泛地应用到纳米光电子器件中。     

AlN微晶棒的的制备及光致发光性能研究

采用直流电弧放电方法,在无催化剂的条件下直接氮化Al合成纤锌矿结构的AlN微晶棒。分别利用拉曼光谱仪(Raman)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和光致发光(PL)谱等测试手段对所制备样品进行表征和发光性能的研究。结果表明:所制备的Al N微晶棒长度约为30μm,直径约为10μm。在AlN微晶棒的PL谱中,有两个主要发光峰,中心在430 nm的发射源于VN和(V_(Al)-O_N)~(2-)构成的深施主-深受主对缺陷发光,中心在650 nm的发射源于VAl形成的深受主能级到价带的缺陷发光。在激发波长由270 nm逐渐增大到300 nm的过程中发现,Al N微晶棒波长在430 nm处的发光峰先增强后减弱,在激发波长为285 nm时强度最大;650 nm处的发光峰随激发波长增大而逐渐增强。     

Sn掺杂ZnO纳米晶的水热法制备及光学性能

以ZnCl2和NaOH为原料,用SnCl4·4H2O作掺杂剂,通过水热法合成了Sn掺杂ZnO纳米颗粒。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)及光致发光(PL)光谱等测试技术对样品的物相、形貌及光学性能进行了表征。结果表明:制得的Sn掺杂ZnO纳米粒子具有六角纤锌矿结构。随着锡掺杂浓度的增大,纳米晶的平均粒度增加,晶体形貌由短棒状向单锥和双锥状转变;提高前驱液的pH值,所得样品的形貌由长柱状向短柱状转变。室温下,观测到三个光致发光带,一个峰值在433nm处的强紫光发射峰,一个约在401nm处的近紫外发光峰及一个在466nm处的弱蓝光发光峰。在实验掺杂浓度范围内,Sn的掺杂只是改变纳米ZnO的发光强度,对发光峰位置影响不大。     

Mg掺杂ZnO纳米晶的低温共沉淀法制备及光学性质

采用共沉淀(co-precipitation)法制备了Mg掺杂ZnO纳米晶,分别用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、紫外可见吸收(UV-Vis)光谱、光致发光(PL)光谱、透射电镜(TEM)、电子顺磁共振(EPR)等分析手段对样品进行了表征。探究了Mg离子在ZnO纳米晶中的存在状态,ZnO纳米晶颗粒尺寸和发射光谱随Mg掺杂浓度的变化,并对其发光机理进行了分析。结果表明:Mg离子在ZnO晶格中以部分晶格位,部分间隙位的方式存在,没有形成MgO表面壳层结构;随Mg掺杂浓度的增大,ZnO纳米晶的颗粒尺寸变小,发射光的光强增大。发射光的最佳激发波长为342nm,中心波长为500nm,荧光量子产率为22.8%。实验分析表明:Mg离子的掺杂在ZnO纳米晶中引入了锌空位(VZn),间隙位的镁离子(IMg),提供了新的复合中心,从而增强了ZnO纳米晶的光致发光。     

以PVP纳米纤维为模板采用原子层沉积法制备MgxZn1-xO纳米纤维及其光学性质研究

采用静电纺丝方法制备聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)纳米纤维,并以其为模板采用原子层沉积(ALD)方法制备不同Mg掺杂浓度的MgxZn1-xO纳米纤维。研究了不同Mg掺杂浓度对复合纳米纤维结构和光学性质的影响。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、光致发光(PL)和紫外-可见光(UV-Vis)吸收谱对样品测试并进行表征分析。结果表明,Mg元素的掺入并没有改变ZnO纳米纤维的形貌,所有样品的表面形貌极其相似,只是掺杂后纤维直径有所增大;随着Mg掺杂浓度的增加吸收边逐渐发生蓝移,表明所制备MgxZn1-xO纤维的带隙具有可调节性。与此同时,在PL谱中可以观察到样品的紫外(UV)发光峰从377nm移动至362nm,且与不掺杂的样品相比,MgxZn1-xO纳米纤维的UV发光强度明显增强。通过这种方法可以合成组分可控的MgxZn1-xO纳米纤维。在ZnO中掺入Mg元素可以有效地提高ZnO-PVP纳米纤维的禁带宽度以及UV发射强度。     

ZnO纳米带外延树枝状锯齿形缺口结构的制备及其发光特性

应用气固生长方式在没有催化剂的情况下合成出一种新奇的ZnO纳米结构．通过透射电子显微镜分析，发现这种ZnO纳米带外延晶枝直径约20 nm，在[0001]方向有着良好的外延生长取向．提出了一个模型来解释这种树枝状锯齿结构的生长．室温下光致发光测量表明这种ZnO纳米结构在382、491 nm处有一个紫外发光峰和绿光发光峰．     

铕掺杂氧化锌纳米棒阵列材料的制备及光学性能研究

通过低温化学方法在多孔硅柱状阵列(NSPA)衬底上制备得到铕掺杂ZnO(ZnO∶Eu)纳米棒阵列结构。实验方法简单、条件温和,有效地实现了ZnO纳米棒和铕离子之间的能量转移,丰富了ZnO纳米半导体材料体系的发光。X射线衍射以及X射线光电子能谱证实铕离子成功掺杂进了ZnO晶体中。室温荧光光谱测试结果表明:ZnO∶Eu纳米棒阵列可实现从紫外光到蓝-绿光的宽谱带发射,其中发光中心位于～380 nm的紫外光源于ZnO的带边发射,位于450～570 nm的蓝-绿光源于ZnO的本征缺陷发光,而位于～615 nm的红光发光则源于铕离子核外电子4f壳层结构。同时借助于能带示意图对光致发光机理进行了分析。     

表面等离子体增强氧化锌纳米带发光特性的研究

利用简单的化学气相沉积方法在低温下高产量地合成了ZnO纳米带, 并利用磁控溅射对样品进行表面修饰, 制备了Au-ZnO复合纳米带. 通过扫描电镜、透射电镜及微区拉曼等手段系统地研究了表面修饰对ZnO 纳米材料发光性能的影响.结果表明, 在ZnO纳米带上溅射Au纳米颗粒, 可有效增强其近带边发光并使可见发光强度发生淬灭, 从而增强ZnO纳米带的发光性能. ZnO纳米带发光增强因子η最大可达到85倍. 基于Au纳米颗粒的散射、吸收、Purcell增强因子, 以及Ostwald熟化理论, 又进一步探讨了Au-ZnO复合材料的发光机制. 采用表面等离子体耦合的方法可以有效地提高光电半导体器件的发光效率. 关键词： 表面等离体子 光致发光 氧化锌     

The structure and optical properties of SiC film on Si (111) substrate with a ZnO buffer layer by RF-magnetron sputtering technique

We have fabricated a multiply layer SiC/ZnO on Si substrates using the RF-magnetron sputtering technique with the targets of a single crystalline SiC and a polycrystalline ZnO. The as-deposited films were annealed in the temperature range of 600–1000 °C under nitrogen ambient. We have observed a strong ultraviolet (UV) emission (370 nm) from the as-deposited SiC/ZnO film and an intense violet emission (412 nm) from the film annealed at high temperature (1000 °C) under nitrogen ambient. The SiC film quality and the PL intensities are considered to be strongly dependent on the crystalline quality of the ZnO buffer layer. With the increase of the annealing temperature, the crystalline quality of the ZnO buffer layer is improved, resulting in the improvement of the SiC film quality and the increase of the PL intensities. The thin films have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to provide the evidences of photoluminescence (PL). We suggest that the UV emission could be attributed to the nanocrystal silicon particles, that the 395 nm band is related to ZnO buffer layer and has a great relation to the crystalline quality of the ZnO film, and that the violet emission is associated with the emission luminescence from 6H-SiC, which bears on the SiC film quality. The obtained results are expected to have important applications in modern optoelectronic devices.     

Visible photoluminescence from Ge+-implanted SiO2 films thermally grown on crystalline Si

+ -implanted SiO₂ films is studied as a function of different fabricating conditions (implantation dose, annealing temperature and time). The SiO₂ films containing Ge nanocrystals exhibit two photoluminescence (PL) bands peaked at 600 nm and 780 nm. There are two excitation bands in the PL excitation (PLE) spectra. With variation in Ge nanocrystal size, the PL and PLE peak energies show no appreciable shift. The PL and PLE spectral analyses suggest that during the PL process, electron–hole pairs are generated by the E(l) and E(2) direct transitions inside Ge nanocrystals, which then radiatively recombine via luminescent centers in the matrix or at the interface between the nanocrystal/matrix. Received: 27 January 1998/Accepted: 18 March 1998     

LiGaO2衬底上ZnO外延膜的结构与光学特性

采用磁控溅射法在(001),(100)及(010)LiGaO2衬底上制备了ZnO薄膜,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、透过光谱以及光致发光谱(PL)对薄膜的结构、形貌及光学性质进行了表征.结果表明LiGaO2衬底不同晶面上制备的ZnO薄膜具有不同的择优取向,在(001)、(100)及(010)LiGaO2上分别获得了[001]、[1100]及[1120]取向的ZnO薄膜;不同取向的ZnO薄膜表面形貌差异较大;薄膜在可见光波段具有较高的透过率;在ZnO薄膜的光致发光谱中只观察到了位于378 nm的紫外发射峰,而深能级发射几乎观察不到,(1100)取向的薄膜紫外发射峰强度最大,半高宽也最小,薄膜光致发光件质的差异丰要和晶粒尺寸有关.     

氧化锌叶片状纳米晶的结构和光谱特性

熔盐法对sol-gel法生成的前驱物处理合成新颖的叶片状的氧化锌纳米结构,TEM照片显示其长度300-500nm,宽度为50-80nm,两头尖端约呈25°夹角,形状基本沿中轴呈中心对称。其生长过程进行了研究:弯曲了的ZnO纳米棒闭合形成框架结构,框架内沿中轴方向并排生长的ZnO纳米线填满框架内的空隙形成叶片状的氧化锌纳米结构。Raman谱测量发现该结构是晶化的六角相氧化锌。对叶片状的氧化锌的声子限制效应进行了研究,并与纳米颗粒氧化锌予以比较。435cm-1的E2峰的Fano不对称具有正的Fano耦合系数。发现在585nm处出现光致发光峰,归于ZnO纳米结构中氧缺陷的作用。     

ZnO:Er3+纳米晶的制备及发光性质研究

为了探讨稀土Er3 与纳米ZnO基质之间的能量传递,利用化学方法制备了ZnO:Er3 纳米晶,测量了样品的X射线衍射谱(XRD)、光致发光谱(PL)和激发谱(PLE).X射线衍射结果表明,ZnO:Er3 具有六角纤锌矿晶体结构.室温下,在365 nm激发下,在ZnO宽的可见发射背景上,观测到了Er3 的激发态4S3/2(550 nm),2H11/2(521 nm)和4F5/2(456 nn)的特征发射.分析了ZnO:Er3 纳米晶的带边发射和稀土Er3 的特征发射的峰值强度随掺Er3 浓度的变化关系,比较了ZnO:Er3 与未掺杂的ZnO的光致发射峰值强度的变化,给出了稀土Er3 的激发态4S3/2→4I15/2,2H11/2→4I15/2和4F5/2→4I15/2的发射机制,证实了纳米ZnO基质与稀土Er3 离子之间存在能量传递.     

Trap states in oxidation layer of nanocrystal Si

The photoluminescence （PL） of nanocrystal present in porous silicon shifts from the near infrared to the ultraviolet depending on the size when the surface is passivated with Si-H bonds. After oxidation, the centre wavelength of PL band is pinned in a region of 700-750 nm and its intensity increases obviously. Calculation shows that trap electronic states appear in the band gap of a smaller nanocrystal when Si = O bonds or Si-O-Si bonds are formed. The changes in PL intensity and wavelength can be explained by both quantum confinement and trap states in an oxidation layer of nanocrystal. In the theoretical model, the most important factor in the enhancement and the pinning effects of PL emission is the relative position between the level of the trap states and the level of the photoexcitation in the silicon nanocrystal.     

液晶-氧化锌纳米复合材料的可调发光

采用超声波分散技术,选用氧化锌纳米晶体和液晶（N-（4-methoxybenzylidene）-4-ethoxybenzenamine）,制成液晶质量分数分别为10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%的液晶-氧化锌纳米复合材料。通过X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜、光致发光光谱仪对样品进行表征。实验结果表明：当液晶MB₂BA在氧化锌纳米晶体的质量分数从0增加到80%时,氧化锌纳米复合材料的PL光谱峰值最终移到了418 nm的蓝光区域。随着氧化锌纳米晶体中液晶分子的增加,氧化锌纳米晶体的表面缺陷减少、其深层发光明显削弱,氧化锌纳米晶体的光致发光可以由最初的黄绿色转变为蓝色。因此,可以在氧化锌纳米晶体中通过添加适量的液晶MB₂BA来实现蓝光发射。     

Characterization and optical property of ZnO nano-, submicro- and microrods synthesized by hydrothermal method on a large-scale

In the present paper, well-dispersed ZnO nano-, submicro- and microrods with hexagonal structure were synthesized by a simple low temperature hydrothermal process from zinc nitrate hexahydrate without using any additional surfactant, organic solvent or catalytic agent. The phase and structural analysis were carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), the morphological analysis was carried out by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and the optical property was characterized by room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The results revealed the high crystal quality of ZnO powder with hexagonal (wurtzite-type) crystal structure and the formation of well-dispersed ZnO nano-, submicro- and microrods with diameters of about 50, 200 and 500 nm, and lengths of 300 nm, 1 μm and 2 μm, respectively, on a large-scale just using the different temperatures. Room-temperature PL spectrum from the ZnO nanorods reveals a strong UV emission peak at about 360 nm and no green emission band at ∼530 nm. The strong UV photoluminescence indicates the good crystallization quality of the ZnO nanorods. Room-temperature PL spectra from the ZnO submicro- and microrods reveal a weak UV emission peak at ∼400 nm and a very strong visible green emission at 530 nm, that is ascribed to the transition between V_oZn_i and valence band.     

ZnO∶Tb3+纳米晶的制备及发光性质研究

利用溶胶-凝胶法（Sol-Gel）制备了不同浓度的ZnO∶Tb3+纳米晶，测量了样品的光致发光谱(PL)和激发谱(PLE).在ZnO宽的可见发射背景上，观察到样品在485 nm、544 nm、584 nm和620 nm附近出现了稀土Tb3+的特征发射.给出了ZnO∶Tb3+纳米晶光致发光的峰值强度随掺Tb3+浓度的变化关系，分析了稀土Tb3+的激发态5D4→7F6、5D4→7F5和5D4→7F4的发射机制，证实了稀土Tb3+的特征发射来源于稀土离子内部4f电子的f-f跃迁和ZnO基质与稀土Tb3+离子之间能量传递.     

Effect of S- and Sn-doping to the optical properties of ZnO nanobelts

In this study, the optical properties of S- and Sn-doped ZnO nanobelts, grown by thermal evaporation, were investigated. The sulfur and tin contents in the nanobelts were about 12% and 8% (atomic), respectively. The average widths of the S- and Sn-doped ZnO nanobelts were 73 and 121 nm, respectively. Room temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy exhibits significantly different optical properties for the two types of nanobelts. The PL result of the S-doped ZnO nanobelts shows the broad visible emission with no detectable ultraviolet (UV) peak, while the PL result of the Sn-doped sample shows two emission bands, one related to UV emission with a strong peak at 376 nm that is blue-shifted by 4 nm in comparison to pure ZnO nanobelts, and another related to green emission with a weak peak. A weak peak in the UV region at 383 nm appeared after annealing the S-doped ZnO nanobelts at 600 °C. Additionally, the annealed S-doped nanobelts show a stronger peak in the visible emission region in comparison to that observed prior to annealing. The Sn-doped ZnO nanobelts are also affected by annealing, as the UV emission peak is blue-shifted to 372 nm after annealing.