“雨课堂+奥尔堡PBL模式”用于化学信息检索教学*

针对化学信息检索教学存在的主要问题,设计基于“雨课堂+奥尔堡PBL模式”的教学改革方案,并在许昌学院制药工程专业中予以实施,通过问卷调查和过程性评价检验教学改革效果。结果表明,在化学信息检索课程中引入“雨课堂+奥尔堡PBL模式”后,学生的信息检索能力、学习兴趣和学习效率等得到显著提升,教学满意度高达92.5%。     

有机波谱分析课程绪论部分的教学设计

针对有机波谱分析课程的特点,对绪论部分进行教学设计,使学生认识到有机波谱分析课程的重要性,了解课程讲授的主要内容,掌握学习方法,培养科学素养,为学生以后的学习和提高上课效果奠定基础。     

结合PBL课例的无机化学线下对分课堂教学设计与实践*

以原电池一节教学设计为例,探索了将PBL课例融入对分课堂教学模式。教学实践表明,新教学模式激发了学生的学习兴趣,提高了学生学习的积极性和主动性,提升了课程教学效果,达到了课程教学目标。对PBL课例与对分课堂有机融合的全新课堂教学模式的建设与发展进行了展望。     

医用有机化学波谱分析绪论部分的教学研究

概述了问题导向式的研究型教学设计在医科院校"医用有机化学"课程中有机波谱分析章节的应用情况。该部分内容具有学生"难学" "难考" ，教师"难教"的教学特点。基于此，通过层层设问、循序解答的授课方式，结合丰富的应用示例，进行有机波谱分析核心概念（绪论）的理论教学。结果表明，该教学方法可有效提高学生学习兴趣，降低学习难度，使学生在有限的学时内掌握有机波谱分析的基础理论与核心概念，为后续识谱、解谱能力的培养夯实基础。     

本科生与研究生有机波谱分析课程教学差异对比

针对有机波谱分析课程,探讨了本科生与研究生在教材、教学主要内容、教学模式、教学实践及教学规划的侧重点等方面的差异。指出本科生教学侧重基础知识,难度不宜过高;而研究生教学注重原理、实践,注重学科发展及培养学生解决复杂图谱的能力。     

iSpartan软件在有机波谱解析教学中的应用

介绍了iSpartan软件的特点及其在有机波谱解析教学中的具体应用。分子红外振动模型和红外与核磁波谱的吸收峰归属是波谱教学中的实践难点。通过iSpartan软件的简单可视化操作,使教学内容形象生动,有助于学生感性认知和深刻理解此部分内容,提高了波谱解析课程的教学效果。     

基于问题式学习的数据驱动混合式教学模式构建与实证研究——有机化学

基于“以学生为中心”的教育理念，针对基于问题式学习(PBL)的有机化学教学中存在的问题，进行了基于PBL的数据驱动混合式教学改革，并以有机化学课程为例进行了实证研究。线下教学内容注重根据学生线上自主学习的时长和测验统计等学习数据找到学生最近发展区，弹性决策课堂教学内容和活动，重点解决线上学习中的难点问题，并聚焦学生课堂的深度学习与个性化教学，实现了线上和线下学习活动的有机融合。问卷调查和学习行为分析结果表明，基于PBL的数据驱动混合式教学做到以学生为中心，个性化教学，持续改进教学效果，是提升学生学习质量的一种有效的教学模式。     

以新药研发为案例的有机药物化学课程群PBL教学设计

在有机药物化学课程群中开展PBL教学改革,基于新药凯美纳的开发进行教学设计。通过凯美纳药物小分子的发现、合成设计、药学评价、新药上市等剧情把课程群间的课程内容有机地整合,从整体上加深学生对药学专业的认识,注重知识的灵活应用,达到“学有所成,学以致用”的目的;同时,PBL教学采用小组合作学习形式,培养了学生自主学习和终身学习的技能,提升了学生的团队合作意识和能力。     

“碳达峰碳中和”中的无机化学问题探究——PBL教学实践

依托国家级一流本科课程，融合PBL (Problem-Based Learning)开展混合式课堂教学，设计了PBL教学案例——“碳达峰碳中和”中的无机化学问题探究。引导学生从大气中CO₂污染产生的化学反应过程入手，分析基于降低碳排放开发的CO₂转化新技术的化学反应原理，探讨不同CO₂转化技术的优势和劣势。通过PBL教学实践，将化学理论与工业实践深度融合，在夯实理论基础的同时，使学生的学习能力和解决问题能力得到提升。通过思政教育有机融入，使学生了解到我们国家科技的进步，体现课程教学的立德树人。     

材料学科研究生波谱分析课程思考与实践

通过分析材料学科研究生波谱分析课程特点,结合国防科技大学教学实际,把该课程的教学目标设置为"通过课程学习,知道和领会紫外-可见光谱、红外光谱、拉曼光谱、核磁共振波谱等几种常用波谱分析手段的基础知识,具有应用相关知识分析和解决科研、工程问题的能力",并围绕这一目标对教学内容、教学方法、评价体系进行探索。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

解决能源问题的新途径——光解水制氢的研究

面对日益枯竭的能源危机,氢能是一种洁净、最有前景的替代能源。目前在各种制氢的方法中光催化分解水制氢的研究最多,光解水过程中催化剂最关键,本文对利用太阳能光解水的途径、提高光催化反应效率以及光催化剂的开发研究进行了综述。