β-delayed neutron decay of 21N

The β-delayed neutron and γ spectra of neutron-rich nucleus ²¹N using β-γ and β-n coincidence measurements were presented in this paper. Thirteen new neutron groups ranging from 0.28 MeV to 4.98 MeV and with a total branching ratio 88.7±4.2% were observed. One γ transition among the excited states of ²¹O, and four γ transitions among the excited states of ²⁰O were identified in the β decay chain of ²¹N. The ungated half-life of 83.8±2.1 ms was also determined for ²¹N.     

原子核电荷半径的新公式

结合原子核的电荷半径的实验数据,详细分析了描述原子核电荷半径的经验公式,表明电荷半径的Z^1/3律优于A^1/3律.更细致的考察发现,对于远离β稳定线的核素,电荷半径具有近似线性的同位旋相关性.由此得到的同位旋相关的Z^1/3公式更适合描述原子核的电荷半径.     

双奇核142Pm高自旋态能级纲图

利用能量为75—95MeV19F束流,通过反应¹²⁸Te(¹⁹F,5nγ)¹⁴²Pm研究了双奇核¹⁴²Pm的高自旋态能级结构.实验中进行了γ射线的激发函数、γ射线单谱和γγ符合测量.建立了激发能达7030.0keV的¹⁴²Pm的能级纲图,其中包括新发现的25条γ射线和13个新能级.基于实验测量的γ跃迁各向异性度,建议了¹⁴²Pm能级的自旋值.     

Structure change of 156Yb at high-spin states

High-spin states of ¹⁵⁶Yb have been studied via the ¹⁴⁴Sm(¹⁶O,4n)¹⁵⁶Yb fusion-evaporation reaction at beam energy 102~MeV. The positive-parity yrast band and negative-parity cascade have been extended up to higher-spin states, respectively. The characteristics of the negative-parity sequence above the 25^－ state may related to the excitation from the nucleon in the Z=64, N=82 core. The E-GOS curve for the positive-parity yrast sequence in ¹⁵⁶Yb indicate that this nucleus may undergo an evolution from quasivibrational to quasirotational structure with increasing angular momentum. The Cranked Woods-Saxon-Strutinsky calculations by means of Total-Routhian-Surface (TRS) methods has been made to understand this structure change.     

Progress on tilted axis cranking covariant density functional theory for nuclear magnetic and antimagnetic rotation

Magnetic rotation and antimagnetic rotation are exotic rotational phenomena observed in weakly deformed or near-spherical nuclei, which are respectively interpreted in terms of the shears mechanism and two shearslike mechanism. Since their observations, magnetic rotation and antimagnetic rotation phenomena have been mainly investigated in the framework of tilted axis cranking based on the pairing plus quadrupole model. For the last decades, the covariant density functional theory and its extension have been proved to be successful in describing series of nuclear ground-states and excited states properties, including the binding energies, radii, single-particle spectra, resonance states, halo phenomena, magnetic moments, magnetic rotation, low-lying excitations, shape phase transitions, collective rotation and vibrations, etc. This review will mainly focus on the tilted axis cranking covariant density functional theory and its application for the magnetic rotation and antimagnetic rotation phenomena.     

2011年度物理科学二处科学基金项目评审工作综述

物理科学二处主要资助基础物理、粒子物理、核物理、核技术与应用、加速器物理与探测器技术、等离子体物理、同步辐射方法与技术等领域的研究工作，同时负责受理《国家自然科学基金委员会一中国工程物理研究院联合基金》（简称《NSAF联合基金》）、《大科学装置科学研究联合基金》、先进核裂变能的燃料增殖与嬗变重大研究计划、     

Chiral doublet bands and energy-level crossing

Different definitions for chiral doublet bands based on excitation energies, B(E2) and B(M1) respectively are discussed in the triaxial particle rotor model. For the ideal chiral geometry, the selection rules of the electromagnetic transitions in different band definitions are illustrated. It is also shown that the energy-level crossings between chiral doublet bands may occur.     

143 Pm高自旋态研究

通过熔合蒸发反应128Te(19F,4nγ)布居了143Pm的高自旋态,利用在束γ谱学方法,对143Pm的高自旋态核结构进行了研究.测量了γ射线单谱和γ-γ符合谱,并进行了γ射线各向异性以及DCO比率分析,建立了激发能高达10535.4keV的能级纲图,其中包括新发现的32条γ射线和17个新能级.用弱耦合模型对143Pm的晕态能级结构进行了解释.     

磁转动物理——剪刀带与手征双重带

总结和系统介绍了磁转动物理领域的新进展 .阐述了剪刀带的形成机制 ,并论证了在半经典近似和平均场近似下 ,倾斜轴推转模型与粒子转子模型等价 .讨论了原子核在有三轴形变时出现的一种全新的磁转动现象——手征双重带 .并从对称性的角度讨论了剪刀带及手征双重带的能谱特征 .给出了实验上可能存在磁转动带的核区.A new interesting field —— magnetic rotation physics is reviewed. It is proved that the tilted axis cranking (TAC) model is equivalence to the particle rotor model (PRM) under the semi classical and mean field approximations. The shears mechanism and the new discovered phenomena in triaxial deformed nuclei—— chiral doublets are discussed. The possible mass region for these magnetic rotation phenomena is presented.     

原子核中新的有效相互作用、新对称性及奇特核态

总结了近年来对奇特核和极端条件下核物质的研究结果,包括原子核的新有效相互作用、新对称性及奇特性质.在相对论平均场理论中,发现了反核子谱中的自旋对称性,提出了包含微观质心修正的新相互作用PK1,PK1r和PKDD?.这些新相互作用不但可以很好地描述核物质与中子星,还可以很好地给出靠近或远离β稳定线的原子核性质,包括中子滴线核与超核中的晕和巨晕现象.