兰州重离子医疗装置同步环安装控制网设计

介绍了兰州重离子医疗装置(HIMM)建造中准直安装方案里核心的测量控制网设计。同步环准直测量控制网是基于Leica AT401激光跟踪仪和综合测量软件SA建立的三维测量控制网,在控制网设计中采用9个基准柱和2个激光干涉测量得到的基准长度参考,以及Leica DNA03数字水准仪协同测量,使全局三维控制网设计精度达到0.04mm,最终确保同步环四极磁铁安装精度达到0.10mm的要求指标,为将来束流的稳定运行做好可靠的保证。     

HIRFL微束辐照装置偏转磁铁的安装准直

微束辐照装置是将辐照样品的束斑缩小到μm量级, 能够对辐照粒子进行准确定位和精确计数的实验平台, 是开展辐照材料学、 辐照生物学、 辐照生物医学和微加工的有力工具。 μm量级的束流对设备的准直安装也提出了极高的要求, 对于HIRFL系统微束线上的二极磁铁, 由于其所在位置的空间相当狭小, 使得设计就位时磁铁的位置及角度与地面做基准时的不同, 这给安装准直工作带来了挑战。 通过引入变化的基准坐标值的办法, 有效解决了这一难题, 使全部磁铁安装误差都控制在了要求的公差范围之内。 Microbeam irradiation facility is a experiment platform, which can reduce the beam spot on the irradiated sample to micrometer level, and can accurately locate and count the radioactive particles. It is a powerful research tool for the irradiation material science, irradiation biology, irradiation biomedicine and micro mechanical machining. The microbeam irradiation facility requires the precise work for installation and alignment. These conditions make magnet’s change for directions and positions because the location space of dipole magnets in micro beam line of HIRFL(Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou) is very small. It is a challenge for the installatior and alignment work of magnets. It was solved by transforming coordinates of benchmarks of magnets, which controlled the error of magnet setup within error tolerance range.     

HIRFL-CSR complex

The construction and commissioning of HIRFL-CSR were finished in 2007. From 2000 to 2005 the subsystem and key devices of CSR were successfully fabricated, such as magnet, power supply, UHV system, e-cooler, electric-static deflector with the septum of 0.1 mm, and the fast-pulse kicker with the rise time of 150 ns. After that the CSR commissioning activities were performed in 2006 and 2007, including the accumulation of those heavy ions of C, Ar, Kr and Xe by the combination of stripping injection （STI） or multiple multi-turn injection （MMI） and e-cooling with a hollow e-beam, wide energy-range synchrotron ramping by changing the RF harmonic-number at mid-energy, the beam stacking in the experimental ring CSRe, the RIBs mass-measurement with the isochronous-mode in CSRe by using the time-of-flight method, and the ion beam slow-extraction from CSRm.     

微束辐照装置及其在生物和材料领域中的应用

自从20世纪50年代开始利用微束辐照生物活细胞以来,由于微束独特的辐照特征, 其在生物学、 材料学、 生物医学、航空航天科学、环境科学、地质学、微加工等领域得到了广泛的应用。 在前人大量研究的基础上, 对微束装置及其应用进行总结概括。 展望了微束的发展趋势并简单介绍中国科学院近代物理研究所正在兴建的中高能重离子微束辐照装置。 Collimated proton microbeam has been used to irradiate the biological living cells since 1850s. Due to its unique characteristic in irradiation, microbeam has been extensively applied to many research fields,such as biology, material science, biomedicine,aeronautics and stronautics, environmental science, geology,micromachining and so on. Based on the much research of predecessors, the microbeam facilities and their corresponding applications are summarized in this paper. At last,prospects on the development trend of microbeam are made, and the intermediate energy and high energy heavy ion microbeam irradiation facility being constructed at the Institute of Modern Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences is briefly introduced.     

Design of the IMP microbeam irradiation system for 100 MeV/u heavy ions

A state-of-the-art high energy heavy ion microbeam irradiation system is constructed at the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. This microbeam system operates in both full current intensity mode and single ion mode. It delivers a predefined number of ions to pre-selected targets for research in biology and material science. The characteristic of this microbeam system is high energy and vertical irradiation. A quadrupole focusing system, in combination with a series of slits, has been designed to optimize the spatial resolution. A symmetrically achromatic system leads the beam downwards and serves simultaneously as an energy analyzer. A high gradient quadrupole triplet finally focuses a C^6＋ ion beam to 1 μm in the vacuum chamber within the energy range from 10 MeV/u to 100 MeV/u. In this paper, the IMP microbeam system is described in detail. A systematic investigation of the ion beam optics of this microbeam system is presented together with the associated aberrations. Comparison is made between the IMP microbeam system and the other existing systems to further discuss the performance of this microbeam. Then the optimized initial beam parameters are given for high resolution and high hitting efficiency. At last, the experiment platform is briefly introduced.     

冷却储存环主环磁铁的准直测量

 采用激光跟踪仪及配套带软件Insight对兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环主环磁铁进行了安装和准直。首先建立全局坐标系，用来确定从源体到实验环各子系统的理论原点的位置；而各个子系统又分别以各自的理论原点为基础建立局部坐标系，用来安装定位本系统内的各个元件；对各个子系统中的每一个元件还采用了元件坐标系。准直测量时，先在每块磁铁上焊接8个测量基准；然后对磁铁上的基准进行测量，以确定其在元件坐标系中的位置；再架设激光跟踪仪，测量主环控制网点，恢复主环局部坐标系，根据元件在主环局部坐标系中的位置及理论坐标，计算出相关的变换参数；转入元件坐标系，采用激光跟踪仪及Insight 软件显示实时测量坐标及其与理论值之差，其精度达到0.15 mm。     

CSR工程3维测量控制网

 主要介绍了兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环CSR控制网的建立及测量分析方法，详细说明了激光跟踪仪转站原理和计算机算法。根据一般大地测量采取的建网原则，首先用全站仪建立了初级控制网，在此基础上加密形成了由168个网点构成的主环控制网；然后运用激光跟踪仪及其配套软件测量了主环控制网，其网点的点位精度可达到0.08 mm。应用2005年3月控制网的测量结果对主环磁铁进行了调节，结果显示四极铁横向就位精度达到0.15 mm, 偏转角精度达到0.3 mrad。     

HITFL注入引出高压静电偏转板的物理设计

根据兰州重离子治疗专用装置（HITFL）物理设计的要求,采用三维电磁场程序ANSYS建立HITFL环上注入引出高压静电偏转板的物理模型。模型中高压电极的倒角半径为20 mm,电极半宽度为55 mm,计算出静电偏转板物理要求区域内电场的非均匀度为-0.24%～0.24%,区间的电场集中系数为1.37（小于2）,满足物理设计的要求。同时,利用了HIRFL-CSR（兰州重离子冷却储存环）工程CSRm环上注入引出高压静电偏转板物理设计的经验,HITFL环上的静电偏转板采用表面经过氧化处理的锻铝板材以满足耐压性和机械强度的要求。     

SFC引出静电偏转板高压放电的研究

根据SFC引出静电偏转板的特殊工作环境和运行中发生的现象， 对其高压放电机理进行了深入的研究和大量的电磁场计算。 计算结果表明， 在电场和磁场的共同作用下， 盖板损伤的发生部位与实际运行中的打火痕迹完全符合。 最后阐述了SFC引出偏转板的高压放电过程， 并对其改进措施进行了研究。Due to the special working conditions of the SFC extraction deflector, the breakdown of the deflector is a serious problem. Based on the electromagnetic field calculations and the analysis of electrons and ions in the field, the breakdown mechanism was investigated. The calculated results about the electron hitting spots on the liners are consistent with the observed ones in the operation. At last, an improvement method of the deflector is suggested by using aluminum cathode and combined liners