具有合成核酸活性的多肽 Ⅰ.C-端去四肽和去六肽核糖核酸酶A及其水解和合成活性

核糖核酸酶A(RNase A)的结构与功能的关系虽属已知,但大都限于水解作用方面,而关于合成作用方面的报道则颇少.根据前人用抑制剂法所得羧甲基化核糖核酸酶A的衍生物(CM-RNase A),和用合成法所得分子较简单的RNase A的类似物的研究结果,似乎RNaseA分子中的His_(119)与Lys_(41)残基与酶的合成活性无关.这些衍生物和类似物的合成活性都比它们的水解活性高,但不论它们的合成或水解活性都很显著地低于天然酶的活     

天花粉蛋白化学 Ⅳ.天花粉蛋白的基本一级结构

前文报道从我国民间用于引产的中草药天花粉中提取到活性组分结晶天花粉蛋白和它的物理化学性质,N-端氨基酸顺序的测定及其溴化氰降解碎片CBa的顺序分析. 天花粉蛋白是一个由224个氨基酸残基组成的单一肽链的简单蛋白质,其N-末端残基为Asp,C-端顺序经羧肽酶A测定,并结合其水解动力学的计算机拟合为     

牛胰岛素A链的合成及其与天然B链组合成结晶胰岛素

本文报导了牛胰岛素A链的S-磺酸盐(Ⅰ)的合成以及自Ⅰ和天然B链S-磺酸盐(Ⅱ)组合为结晶牛胰岛素的半合成。十二肽酸Ⅴ脱N-保护基后,与九肽酰肼Ⅳ经迭氮化物法缩合得带保护基的A链(Ⅵ),粗产物经钠-液氨处理去保护基后,用乙酸缓冲液调至pH 3.8以除去部分杂质,然后进行S-磺酸化。经纸层析纯化的S-磺酸盐Ⅰ,其旋光率、纸电泳和纸层析的行为、氨基酸组成以及末端分析数据均与天然牛胰岛素A链S-磺酸盐的相符。产物Ⅰ与天然胰岛素B链S-磺酸盐经巯基乙酸还原和空气氧化后,得到的粗产物的生物活力相当于天然牛胰岛素活力的5—10％,经仲丁醇-乙酸柚提后,活力可提高5—10倍,抽提物再经含乙酸锌的丙酮-柠檬酸缓冲液纯化,可得结晶产物Ⅲ,其晶形与天然牛胰岛素相同,其活力(20—23国际单位/毫克)与后者相仿。上述结果及其他证据都证明我们已合成了牛胰岛素A链和所获得的半合成结晶产物就是结晶牛胰岛素。     

Interstitial vortex in superconducting film with periodic hole arrays

The response of superconducting Nb films with a diluted triangular and square array of holes to a perpendicular magnetic field are investigated.Due to small edge-to-edge separation of the holes,the patterned films are similar to multi-connected superconducting islands.Two regions in the magnetoresistance R(H) curves can be identified according to the field intervals of the resistance minima.Moreover,in between these two regions,variation of the minima spacing was observed.Our results provide strong evidence of the coexistence of interstitial vortices in the islands and fluxoids in the holes.     

Matching effect in superconducting NbN thin film with a square lattice of holes

A square hole array is fabricated over a micro-bridge of NbN thin film by electron beam lithography and reactive ion milling. Magneto-resistance is measured across the micro-bridge filled with a hole array near the superconducting transition temperature. It is found that magneto-resistance minima occur when the number of vortices is an integer multiple or a fractional multiple of the number of holes. The temperature and the current dependences of the matching effect are studied.     

带保护基的胰岛素A链羧端十二肽的合成

已知合成的胰岛素A链羧端带保护基的十二肽酯Ⅰ在不同条件下皂化,得十二肽Ⅱ,其物理性质略有差异,经制成牛胰岛素A链井进一步制成半合成牛胰岛素粗产物后,其生物活力相当于天然胰岛素的1—4％。根据二条不同的路线直接合成了带保护基的胰岛素A链羧端十二肽Ⅱ,路线一:由已知的四肽Ⅲ制成其酰肼衍生物,再转变为相应的迭氮化物后与脱N-苄氧羰基和γ-叔丁基的五肽Ⅴ(即Vb)缩合成九肽Ⅵ,Ⅵ经脱除N-保护基后与已知的三肽酰肼Ⅶ以迭氮化物法缩合郎得十二肽Ⅱ.路线二:三肽酰肼Ⅶ先制成迭氮化物再与脱N-保护基的已知二肽酯ⅩⅩⅢ反应成五肽酯ⅩⅩⅣ,再经肼解得五肽酰肼ⅩⅩⅤ,然后按迭氮化物法与脱苄氧羰基的二肽Ⅹ缩合成七肽酯ⅩⅩⅥ,再肼解得七肽酰肼ⅩⅩⅦ,最后通过迭氮化物法与五肽V_b缩合,亦得相同的十二肽Ⅱ.由这两种方法直接合成的十二肽Ⅱ,其质量较皂化所得为优,并已用于牛胰岛素A链的合成与结晶牛胰岛素的半合成和全合成。五肽Ⅴ和七肽ⅩⅩⅥ都曾各按二条不同的路线合成,而得到相同的产物,本文报导的合成肽段均经分析证明为化学纯的均一物质。     

肽的研究 Ⅳ.带保护基的牛胰岛素A链羧基末端十二肽及十六肽的合成

本文报告带保护基的牛胰岛素A链羧端的十二肽Ⅰ(N-苄氧羰基缬氨酰-S-苄基半胱氨酰-丝氨酰-亮氨酰-酪氨酰-谷氨酰胺酰-亮氨酰-γ-甲酯谷氨酰-天冬酰胺酰-酪氨酰-S-苄基半胱氨酰-天冬酰胺甲酯)和十六肽Ⅱ(N-苄氧羰基-S-苄基半胱氨酰-S-苄基半胱氨酰-丙氨酰-丝氨酰-缬氨酰-S-苄基半胱氨酰-丝氨酰-亮氨酰-酪氨酰-谷氨酰胺酰-亮氨酰-γ-甲酯谷氨酰-天冬酰胺酰-酪氨酰-S-苄基半胱氨酰-天冬酰胺甲酯)的合成. 肽Ⅰ和Ⅱ是由前文合成的带保护基的九肽Ⅳ(N-苄氧羰基亮氨酰-酪氨酰-谷氨酰胺酰-亮氨酰-γ-甲酶谷氨酰-天冬酰胺酰-酪氨酰-S-苄基半胱氨酰-天冬酰胺甲酯)经溴化氢-乙酸法脱去N-保护基后按迭氮化合物法分别与三肽酰肼Ⅴ(N-苄氧羰基缬氨酰-S-苄基半胱氨酰-丝氨酰肼)和七肽酰肼Ⅷ(N-苄氧羰基-S-苄基半胱氨酰-S-苄基半胱氮酰-丙氨酰-丝氨酰-缬氨酰-S-苄基半胱氨酰-丝氨酰肼)缩合而得. 肽Ⅰ和Ⅱ经元素分析及氨基酸组成分析证明为分析纯.由于它们是由光学纯L型的肽Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅷ等经迭氮化合物法缩合而成,因此肽Ⅰ和Ⅱ很可能皆为光学纯L型.肽Ⅰ能被亮氨酸氨肽酶水解为相应的组成氨基酸而不留显著的茚三酮阳性的残肽.     

Abnormal magnetoresistance behavior in Nb thin film with rectangular arrays of antidots

Magnetoresistance in superconducting Nb films perforated with rectangular arrays of antidots (holes) is investigated at various temperatures and currents. Normally, the magnetoresistance increases with the increasing magnetic field. In this paper, we report a reverse behavior in a certain range of high fields after vortex reconfiguration transition, where the resistances at non-matching fields are smaller than those in the low field regime. This phenomenon is due to a strong caging effect, in which the interstitial vortices are trapped among the pinned multiquanta vortices. This effect is temperature and current dependent.     

具有合成核酸活性的多肽 I: C-端去四肽和去六肽核糖核酸酶A及其水解和合成活性

为寻找一个比天然RNase A分子结构更简单, 但较之具有突出的合成活性的核酸酶模型, 首先由RNase A出发, 从C-端切去不同长度的肽段, 获得了比RNase A仅有微弱水解活性但有更强合成活性的C-端去四肽和去六肽核糖核酸酶A(RAl-120和RAl-118)两种降解产物. 研究了RAl-120和RAl-118的水解活性和合成活性, 得出结论认为RNase的His119对其水解活性是重要但并非必要角色, 对其合成活性既非重要又非必要.     

Abnormal magnetoresistance behavior in Nb thin films with rectangular arrays of antidots

Magnetoresistance in superconducting Nb films perforated with rectangular arrays of antidots （holes） is investigated at various temperatures and currents. Normally, the magnetoresistance increases with the increasing magnetic field. In this paper, we report a reverse behavior in a certain range of high fields after vortex reconfiguration transition, where the resistances at non-matching fields are smaller than those in the low field regime. This phenomenon is due to a strong caging effect, in which the interstitial vortices are trapped among the pinned multiquanta vortices. This effect is temperature and current dependent.