硫酸肼比浊法测定微量硒

依据硒(Ⅳ)在以甘油为稳定剂,盐酸为反应介质的条件下,被过量硫酸肼还原,使体系形成稳定悬浊液的原理,建立了比浊法测定硒的方法。探讨了盐酸用量、甘油用量、反应温度和反应时间以及硫酸肼用量等5个关键因素的影响,确定了最佳测定条件。实验结果表明:大量的共存物质不干扰测定。在选定的实验条件下,线性方程为:ΔA750nm=12.725ρ+0.0076,在2.0×10-4~3.2×10-2mg·m L-1范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R2)=0.9911,方法的检出限为1.2×10-4mg·m L-1。方法用于测定强化营养盐中总硒,回收率在97.0~103.5%之间,RSD为1.8%。     

辉光放电质谱法测定高纯材料中痕量硫杂质

准确测定并控制材料中杂质元素含量是发挥高纯材料性能不可或缺的环节。辉光放电质谱法(GDMS)是准确、快速、高灵敏分析高纯材料中痕量及超痕量硫的理想方法。对GDMS分析高纯铜和镍基高温合金中痕量硫的质谱干扰进行了讨论,优化了放电电流和放电电压,采用多种标准物质对硫的相对灵敏度因子(RSF)进行了校准和验证,并与二次离子质谱法(SIMS)进行分析结果比对,验证了GDMS定量分析结果的准确性和可靠性。     

基于神经网络的可见光通信系统信道估计方法

针对现有的非对称限幅光正交频分复用（ACO-OFDM）可见光通信（VLC）系统中信道估计方法存在导频数量过大、精度低、估计效率不高的问题,提出一种基于深度神经网络（DNN）的VLC信道估计方法。利用梯度集中化（GC）方法进行模型优化,并采用端到端的方式跟踪信道信息并恢复失真信号。仿真结果表明：所提方法的误码率（BER）和均方误差（MSE）性能均优于传统方法;在使用较少的导频和省略循环前缀（CP）进行信道估计时,所提方法具有更强的鲁棒性。此外,在DNN训练过程中引入GC方法,可以加快网络的收敛速度,提高其优化能力。     

香港瓜馥木生物碱类化合物的细胞毒活性

研究香港瓜馥木Fissistigma uonicum生物碱类化合物的抗肿瘤细胞活性。采用硅胶、ODS、MCI、Sephadex LH-20等多种柱色谱及制备型高效液相色谱等现代分离技术对香港瓜馥木的化学成分进行分离纯化,并根据其理化性质、NMR波谱技术进行结构鉴定。同时采用MTT比色法筛选对两种不同肿瘤细胞（HepG-2,SGC-7901）的有效抑制浓度。从香港瓜馥木的95%乙醇提取物中分离得到17个化合物,分别鉴定为（1）鹅掌楸碱,（2）氧代克列班宁,（3）subsessilina,（4）芒籽香碱,（5）7-oxodehydrocaaverine,（6）O-methylmoscatoline,（7）观音莲明碱,（8）4,5-dioxodehydroa-similobing,（9）降赛法拉二酮B,（10）aristololactam AIIIa,（11）goniokpedaline,（12）穆坪马兜铃酰胺,（13）顺式阿魏酸酰对羟基苯乙胺,（14）对羟基桂皮酰酪胺,（15）Gusanlung C,（16）5,6,7,8-tetramethoxyflavone,（17）（+）-丁香脂素。化合物芒籽香碱,goniokpedaline,对羟基桂皮酰酪胺是从瓜馥木属中首次分离得到,其余化合物均从该植物中首次分离得到。结果表明生物碱氧代克列班宁、O-methylmoscatoline、aristololactam BIIIa、对羟基桂皮酰酪胺对HepG-2显现了很好的细胞毒活性,化合物O-methylmoscatoline、观音莲明碱、aristololactam AIIIa对SGC-7901有明显的细胞毒活性。     

Viewing the noise propagation mechanism in a unidirectional transition cascade from the perspective of stability

Noise and noise propagation are inevitable and play a constructive role in various biological processes. The stability of cell homeostasis is also a critical issue. In the unidirectional transition cascade of colon cells, stem cells (SCs) are the source. They differentiate into transit-amplifying cells (TACs), and TACs differentiate into fully differentiated cells (FDCs). Two differentiation processes are irreversible. The stability factor is introduced so that the noise propagation mechanism from the perspective of stability is studied according to the noise propagation formulas. It is found that the value of the stability factor corresponding to the minimum noise in FDCs may be the best choice to enable colon cells to maintain high stability and low noise of the cascade. Moreover, for the source cell, the total noise only includes intrinsic noise; for the downstream cell with self-proliferation capability, the total noise mainly depends on its intrinsic noise and transmitted noise from upstream cells, and its intrinsic noise is dominant. For the downstream cell without self-proliferation capability, the total noise is mainly determined by transmitted noises from upstream cells, and there is a minimum value. This work provides a new approach for studying the mechanism of noise propagation while considering the stability of cell homeostasis in biological systems.     

An efficient continuous-wave YVO_4/Nd:YVO_4/YVO_4 self-Raman laser pumped by a wavelength-locked 878.9 nm laser diode

We report an efficient continuous-wave self-Raman laser at 1176 nm based on a 20-mm-long composite YVO_4/Nd:YVO_4/YVO_4 crystal and pumped by a wavelength-locked 878.9 nm diode laser.A maximum output power of 5.3 W is achieved at a pump power of 26 W,corresponding to an optical conversion efficiency of 20%and a slope efficiency of 21%.The Raman threshold for the diode pump power was only 0.92 W.The results reveal that in-band pumping by a wavelength-locked diode laser significantly enhances output power and efficiency of self-Raman lasers by virtue of improved pump absorption and relieved thermal loading.     

对三氧化二铁催化性能的思考

用Fe2O3作催化剂分解过氧化氢制氧气的实验中发现其催化效果微弱,与文献比较严重不符。据此,阐述了Fe2O3在化工生产中的催化性能及其催化作用机理,指出不同晶型Fe2O3的催化剂性能差异较大,并分析了其催化过氧化氢分解时会产生不同效果的原因。研究发现,在实验室条件下,γ-Fe2O3晶型具有较强的催化活性,而长期保存的Fe2O3粉末经灼烧30 min后有助于提高其催化活性。     

由Bezier曲线构造的聚合物熔体剪切黏度模型

为提高聚合物熔体剪切黏度模型的描述精度,提出了一个基于二次Bezier 曲线的黏度模型. 模型采用分段函数描述,在对数坐标系中,低剪切速率时的牛顿区和高剪切速率时的幂律区采用线性函数,介于二者之间的过渡区采用二次Bezier 曲线. 通过牛顿区和幂律区的直线延长线构造Bezier 曲线的控制多边形,从而保证三段曲线的光滑过渡. 模型可以明确给出任意温度下低剪切速率时牛顿区的结束点,以及高剪切速率时幂律区的开始点. 拟合算例表明,所提出模型的拟合精度明显高于Cross-Arrhenius 黏度模型.      

对苯二甲醛双缩硫代氨基脲的合成与晶体结构

对苯二甲醛双缩硫代氨基脲的合成与晶体结构;杀菌活性