液晶相息图用于光学检测

根据液晶的动态响应和位相调制特性,研究了一种利用液晶显示器进行光学检测的检测方法.实验中,把液晶显示器改造为纯位相的空间光调制器,并测定了它的位相调制特性.实验测得：改造后的液晶显示器可实现1 λ(λ=632.8 nm)的调制量.通过引入相息图的方法,实现了液晶空间光调制器的大位相调制量.并产生了调制量为3.4 λ的球面波.最后,利用液晶显示器检测了凸透镜的前表面.检测结果发现,干涉条纹为平行直条纹且PV值为0.32λ.     

蚀刻表面面形的分析

采用一个有效的数学模型,分析了在蚀刻工艺中基底自身面形轮廓的曲线形状对基底局部区域的蚀刻速率产生的影响,并通过对数学模型的理论分析和计算机模拟得出受此影响而产生的面形形状,并将结果与实验进行对比.利用这个数学模型对使用离子束蚀刻制作单台阶光栅的台阶与沟槽部分的表面面形随时间的演变过程进行了计算机模拟分析,并通过把理论结果与在实验中得到的蚀刻表面在原子力显微镜(AFM)下拍摄的照片进行比较,结果说明这种模拟分析能够保证对该问题分析所要求的精度,从而也证明了理论模型的合理性和正确性.     

激光直写方法制作透明导电金属网栅

介绍了利用激光直写光刻技术在200mm×200mm基片上制作线宽为5μm,周期为350μm的红外透明导电金属网栅的工艺过程,对激光直写光刻技术和机械刻划掩模接触光刻制作金属网栅结构的两种方法进行了比较,给出了激光直写制作金属网栅的优点.     

人眼视网膜成像自适应光学系统的初步试验和改进

搭建了一套基于液晶空间光调制器的人眼视网膜成像自适应光学系统,进行了活体人眼视网膜的初步实验.经过系统闭环校正,PV值和RMS值分别从2.293λ降低到0.176 553λ,从0.55129λ降低到0.105 11λ,接近衍射极限的水平.获得了较为清晰的人眼视网膜细胞图像,验证了液晶空间光调制器在人眼视网膜高分辨率自适应成像中应用的可行性,并针对试验中的遇到的激光散斑以及照明控制等问题,对原系统提出了一些改进设计.     

液晶空间光调制器相位调制的色散特性研究

提出用椭偏仪法测试了自制液晶空间光调制器(LCSLM)的相位调制色散特性.椭偏仪法具有光路简单,结果准确,测试自动化等优点,相比单色光源干涉仪测量方法更加简单实用.结果表明,在短波长(450 nm)处,LCSLM的相位调制能力为1.54λ(λ=450 nm),在长波长(800 nm)处,LCSLM的相位调制能力为0.70λ(λ=800 nm),与理论分析的色散特性基本一致.     

A high precision phase reconstruction algorithm for multi-laser guide stars adaptive optics

Adaptive optics(AO) systems are widespread and considered as an essential part of any large aperture telescope for obtaining a high resolution imaging at present.To enlarge the imaging field of view(FOV),multi-laser guide stars(LGSs) are currently being investigated and used for the large aperture optical telescopes.LGS measurement is necessary and pivotal to obtain the cumulative phase distortion along a target in the multi-LGSs AO system.We propose a high precision phase reconstruction algorithm to estimate the phase for a target with an uncertain turbulence profile based on the interpolation.By comparing with the conventional average method,the proposed method reduces the root mean square(RMS) error from 130 nm to 85 nm with a 30% reduction for narrow FOV.We confirm that such phase reconstruction algorithm is validated for both narrow field AO and wide field AO.     

Configuration optimization of laser guide stars and wavefront correctors for multi-conjugation adaptive optics

Multi-conjugation adaptive optics(MCAOs) have been investigated and used in the large aperture optical telescopes for high-resolution imaging with large field of view(FOV).The atmospheric tomographic phase reconstruction and projection of three-dimensional turbulence volume onto wavefront correctors,such as deformable mirrors(DMs) or liquid crystal wavefront correctors(LCWCs),is a very important step in the data processing of an MCAO's controller.In this paper,a method according to the wavefront reconstruction performance of MCAO is presented to evaluate the optimized configuration of multi laser guide stars(LGSs) and the reasonable conjugation heights of LCWCs.Analytical formulations are derived for the different configurations and are used to generate optimized parameters for MCAO.Several examples are given to demonstrate our LGSs configuration optimization method.Compared with traditional methods,our method has minimum wavefront tomographic error,which will be helpful to get higher imaging resolution at large FOV in MCAO.     

Determining the imaging plane of a retinal capillary layer in adaptive optical imaging

Even in the early stage,endocrine metabolism disease may lead to micro aneurysms in retinal capillaries whose diameters are less than 10 μm.However,the fundus cameras used in clinic diagnosis can only obtain images of vessels larger than 20 μm in diameter.The human retina is a thin and multiple layer tissue,and the layer of capillaries less than10 μm in diameter only exists in the inner nuclear layer.The layer thickness of capillaries less than 10 μm in diameter is about 40 μm and the distance range to rodcone cell surface is tens of micrometers,which varies from person to person.Therefore,determining reasonable capillary layer(CL) position in different human eyes is very difficult.In this paper,we propose a method to determine the position of retinal CL based on the rodcone cell layer.The public positions of CL are recognized with 15 subjects from 40 to 59 years old,and the imaging planes of CL are calculated by the effective focal length of the human eye.High resolution retinal capillary imaging results obtained from 17 subjects with a liquid crystal adaptive optics system(LCAOS) validate our method.All of the subjects' CLs have public positions from 127 μm to 147 μm from the rodcone cell layer,which is influenced by the depth of focus.     

600mm望远镜液晶自适应系统成像光路设计

为了与600 mm望远镜匹配以验证液晶自适应光学的有效性,利用Zemax光学设计软件进行了液晶自适应光学系统的设计和优化.根据望远镜的参量、大气湍流的特性和液晶的特点提出设计要求,然后进行光学系统设计和Zemax软件模拟优化,设计出了满足要求的系统.对该光学系统进行性能评价.设计出的系统与望远镜的组合焦距为35 m, F数为58.求得光学系统在像面处的极限线分辨力为44.8 μm,成像CCD的像元尺寸为16 μm,满足采样定理.液晶自适应光学系统的调制传递函数与衍射极限传递函数非常接近,而且系统的光程差像差在0.1λ左右,说明系统具备优良的光学性能.     

亚波长衍射微透镜的设计

设计了连续浮雕衍射微透镜和与其等效的二元亚波长衍射微透镜,采用旋转体时域有限差分法对通过计算机辅助设计出的元件进行了严格的矢量分析,给出了各元件在焦平面的场强分布.分析结果表明,本文设计的二元亚波长微透镜对连续浮雕微透镜有很好的等效效果;填充因子的脉冲宽度调制法要优于填充因子的线性近似法;制作相对误差不大时深度误差和宽度误差对微透镜聚光能力的影响不大.