第六届全国固体力学青年学者学术研讨会报告综述

简要介绍了在兰州大学召开的第六届全国固体力学青年学者学术研讨会的情况,概括总结了与会学者所做的学术报告内容,并就新时期固体力学的发展提出了一些思考和建议.      

辛求解体系下功能梯度材料平面梁的完整解析解

采用辛弹性力学解法,求取弹性模量沿轴向指数变化,而Poisson比保持不变的功能梯度材料平面梁的完整解析解．通过求解被Saint-Venant原理覆盖的一般本征解,建立起完整的解析分析过程,进而给出平面梁位移和应力的精确分布规律．传统的弹性力学分析方法常常忽略被Saint-Venant原理覆盖的解,但这些衰减的本征解对材料的局部效应起着较大的影响作用,可能导致材料或结构的突然失效．采用辛求解方法,充分利用本征向量之间的辛共轭正交关系,得到了功能梯度材料梁的完整解析解．两个数值算例分别将功能梯度材料平面梁的位移和应力分布与相应均匀材料情形的结果进行比较,研究了材料非均匀性对位移和应力解的影响．     

Two-dimensional complete rational analysis of functionally graded beams within symplectic framework

Exact solutions for generally supported functionally graded plane beams are given within the framework of symplectic elasticity. The Young’s modulus is assumed to exponentially vary along the longitudinal direction while the Poisson’s ratio remains constant. The state equation with a shift-Hamiltonian operator matrix has been established in the previous work, which is limited to the Saint-Venant solution. Here, a complete rational analysis of the displacement and stress distributions in the beam is presented by exploring the eigensolutions that are usually covered up by the Saint-Venant principle. These solutions play a significant role in the local behavior of materials that is usually ignored in the conventional elasticity methods but possibly crucial to the material/structure failures. The analysis makes full use of the symplectic orthogonality of the eigensolutions. Two illustrative examples are presented to compare the displacement and stress results with those for homogenous materials, demonstrating the effects of material inhomogeneity.     

第二届亚洲功能材料与结构力学大会简介

第二届亚洲功能材料与结构力学大会于2010年10月22～25日在南京航空航天大学成功举行.本届大会由中国力学学会和江苏省力学学会主办、南京航空航天大学承办.会议延续在日本Matsue召开首届大会的目的:旨为亚洲及其周边地区从事功能材料与结构力学的科研工作者提供一个交流的平台,共同促进该领域在理论与应用方面的发展.     

Elasticity solutions for functionally graded plates in cylindrical bending

The plate theory of functionally graded materials suggested by Mian and Spencer is extended to analyze the cylindrical bending problem of a functionally graded rectangular plate subject to uniform load. The expansion formula for displacements is adopted. While keeping the assumption that the material parameters can vary along the thickness direction in an arbitrary fashion, this paper considers orthotropic materials rather than isotropic materials. In addition, the traction-free condition on the top surface is replaced with the condition of uniform load applied on the top surface. The plate theory for the particular case Of cylindrical bending is presented by considering an infinite extent in the y-direction. Effects of boundary conditions and material inhomogeneity on the static response of functionally graded plates are investigated through a numerical example.     

线性分布载荷作用下功能梯度各向异性悬臂梁的解析解

对功能梯度各向异性弹性悬臂梁在线性分布载荷作用下的弯曲问题进行了研究．从平面应力问题的基本方程出发,假定应力函数为梁长度方向的多项式形式,由应力函数求导给出应力,利用协调方程和边界条件可完全确定应力函数．将解析解与有限元数值方法的结果进行了对比,两者吻合良好．     

New numerical method for volterra integral equation of the second kind in piezoelastic dynamic problems

The elastodynamic problems of piezoelectric hollow cylinders and spheres under radial deformation can be transformed into a second kind Volterra integral equation about a function with respect to time, which greatly simplifies the solving procedure for such elastodynamic problems. Meanwhile, it becomes very important to find a way to solve the second kind Volterra integral equation effectively and quickly. By using an interpolation function to approximate the unknown function, two new recursive formulae were derived, based on which numerical solution can be obtained step by step. The present method can provide accurate numerical results efficiently. It is also very stable for long time calculating.     

球面各向同性弹性力学的位移解法

本文引入三个位移函数（ｗ，Ｇ，ψ），将球面各向同性弹性力学运动方程，简化为关于ψ的二阶偏微分方程，和关于Ｗ和Ｇ的联立方程。在静力学问题中，联立方程可进一步简化，ｗ和Ｇ可用另一位移函数Ｆ表示，而Ｆ满足一个四阶偏微分方程。在球壳固有振动问题中，则简化为一个独立的二阶常微分方程，和另两个二阶的联立的常微分方程，证明了在多层球壳中，它们分别对应独立的两类振动。改进了常微分方程的解法，并计算了一个二层球壳的频率。     

Transient thermal stresses in an orthotropic hollow cylinder for axisymmetric problems

For the thermoelastic dynamic axisymmetric problem of a finite orthotropic hollow cylinder, one comes closer to reality to involve the effect of axial strain than to consider the plane strain case only. However, additional mathematical difficulties should be encountered and a different solution procedure should be developed. By the separation of variables, the thermoelastic axisymmetric dynamic problem of an orthotropic hollow cylinder taking account of the axial strain is transformed to a Volterra integral equation of the second kind for a function of time, which can be solved efficiently and quickly by the interpolation method. The solutions of displacements and stresses are obtained. It is noted that the present method is suitable for an orthotropic hollow cylinder with an arbitrary thickness subjected to arbitrary axisymmetric thermal loads. Numerical comparison is made to show the effect of the axial strain on the displacements and stresses. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10172075) and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (20040350712)     

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正材料或结构在温度变化时会发生膨胀或者收缩,当受到一定约束时,其内部将产生应力,即所谓热应力。热应力分析不仅在机、电、土、化等传统工业的结构和系统设计中发挥着巨大的作用,在航空航天、核工程、微机电系统、生物医学等新型工程结构设计中也是必不可少的,关系到结构或器件的正常使用和疲劳寿命。特别是高速、微型化等应用对热应力研究提出了更高的要求,需要提出更合适的理论、建立更精确的模型、发展更有效的模拟手段、发明更好的实验技术。