铁促进的Cu/SiO2-Al2O3催化剂上高效气相合成3-甲基吲哚

以苯胺和生物质来源的丙三醇为反应原料,在铁促进的Cu/SiO2-Al2O3催化剂上气相合成了3-甲基吲哚,采用X射线光电子能谱、氢气程序升温还原(H2-TPR)、X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP)、氨程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD)以及热重(TG)分析等技术对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,向Cu/SiO2-Al2O3催化剂加入铁助剂不仅能明显提高催化剂的活性和选择性,而且能大大改善催化剂的稳定性.在Cu-Fe/ SiO2-Al2O3催化剂上,反应3h,3-甲基吲哚收率能够达到48％,而且催化剂经过再生可以重复使用,即使反应43 h,其产物收率也没有明显的降低.各种表征表明,向Cu/SiO2-Al2O3加入铁助剂能增强铜和载体之间的相互作用,由此大大提高了铜粒子在载体表面的分散度,并且有效减少了反应过程中铜组分的流失;此外,铁助剂还能显著减少催化剂的中强酸中心数,增加弱酸中心数,从而提高3-甲基吲哚的选择性,并且抑制了积炭的形成.     

气相色谱-串联质谱法测定饮用水、酱油和食醋中四种杀鼠剂

采用气相色谱串联质谱法测定饮用水、酱油和食醋中4种鼠药氟乙酰胺、鼠立死、毒鼠强和杀鼠酮的含量。饮用水样品用固相萃取(苯乙烯二乙烯苯和甲基丙稀酸甲脂聚合物固相萃取柱)富集净化;食醋和酱油样品用乙腈为提取溶剂,加入少量石墨化炭黑去除色素的快速萃取法提取净化,采用INNOWAX弹性的石英毛细管柱分析。结果表明本方法测定选定样品基质的回收率和相对标准偏差分别在57.2%～102.2%,1.9%～9.5%之间;饮用水中除去杀鼠酮的最低检测浓度为2.0μg/L外,其他均小于0.5μg/L;食醋和酱油中杀鼠酮的最低检测浓度为0.10 mg/kg,其他均小于0.025 mg/kg。本方法适用于突发中毒事件中几种食品样品中4种鼠药的同时快速定性和准确定量。     

Electrophile-driven copper-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of 3-halogen quinoline derivatives

A convenient and regioselective one-pot synthesis of 3-chloride or 3-bromide quinoline derivatives was achieved through a Grignard addition reaction by alkynyl Grignard regent to o-trifluoroacetyl aniline and a Cu(II)-catalyzed cyclization–halogenation tandem reaction with aqueous HCl or HBr as electrophilic reagent.     

Phase‐preserved macroscopic visible‐light carpet cloaking beyond two dimensions

Transformation optics, a recent geometrical design strategy of light manipulation with both ray trajectories and optical phase controlled simultaneously, promises an invisibility cloaking device that can render a macroscopic object invisible even to a scientific instrument measuring optical phase. Recent “carpet” cloaks have extended their cloaking capability to broadband frequency ranges and macroscopic scales, but they only demonstrated the recovery of ray trajectories after passing through the cloaks, while whether the optical phase would reveal their existence still remains unverified. In this paper, a phase‐preserved macroscopic visible‐light carpet cloak is demonstrated in a geometrical construction beyond two dimensions. As an extension of previous two‐dimensional (2D) macroscopic carpet cloaks, this almost‐three‐dimensional carpet cloak exhibits three‐dimensional (3D) invisibility for illumination near its center (i.e. with a limited field of view), and its ideal wide‐angle invisibility performance is preserved in multiple 2D planes intersecting in the 3D space. Optical path length is measured with a broadband pulsed‐laser interferometer, which provides unique experimental evidence on the geometrical nature of transformation optics.

     

翻转课堂教学模式下知识迁移能力的培养*——以“复杂氧化还原电对电极电势的计算”为例

“复杂氧化还原电对电极电势的计算”一直是大学化学教学的难点,以此为例开展翻转课堂教学:教师引导学生归纳、类比,厘清难溶盐电极、配合物电极与“金属电极”之间的渊源,完成知识的内化;通过课堂翻转,学生将内化的知识在课堂实践中加以展现与深化,掌握复杂电极在标准状态下电极电势的计算方式。实践表明,该教学模式避免了学生线上学习存在的刷屏、刷题、心理浮躁等现象,有助于推动学生进行深度学习,将碎片化的知识迁移、串联、整合成体系,达到学以致用的目的。     

Pd nanoparticles on boron doped graphene catalyst for electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide prepared by electroless deposition methodEI北大核心CSCD

Taking advantage of large conjugated structure and reductivity of boron-doped graphenethe palladium nanoparticles/boron-doped graphene catalyst was prepared by electroless deposition method using boron-doped graphene as reductant and stabilizer. The average size of palladium nanoparticles highly dispersed on the surface of boron-doped graphene was about 6.5 nm. The electrochemical sensor was prepared by modifying the as-formed catalyst on the surface of glassy carbon electrode. The obtained electrochemical sensor exhibited an excellent electrochemical catalytic activity for H2 O2 . It exhibited high sensitivity with the detection limit as low as 830 nmol/L and good linearity in the range of 2.5-300 μµmol/L for detection of H2 O2 . It could be utilized for the determination of H2 O2 in milk samples. © 2022, Youke Publishing Co.,Ltd. All rights reserved.     

冰冻人血清中尿酸标准物质复制的定值EI北大核心CSCD

为了满足该标准物质的需求,进行了第二次尿酸血清标准物质的复制。针对复制的尿酸血清标准物质,基于单四极杆质谱的液相色谱-同位素稀释质谱法(LC-IDMS),用乙腈沉淀法去除蛋白质,BEH C18色谱柱和电喷雾离子源负离子模式(ESI^(-)),同位素稀释的单点校准法进行定值、均匀性检验、稳定性检验以及不确定度评定等研究。此定值方法经过CCQM-K109(血清中尿酸分析)国际关键比对进行验证。复制的2种不同浓度水平尿酸(肾病患者和正常人)血清标准物质的定值结果分别为(73.5±1.3)μg/g,(47.5±1.1)μg/g,其均匀性和稳定性评估结果良好。     

高中化学新手熟手专家教师教学策略知识比较*

以“原电池”教学主题为载体自编调查问卷,选取河北省90位在职高中化学教师进行教学策略知识(Knowledge of instructional strategies,简称KoIS)测查。应用单因素方差分析与多重比较LSD法,从教学策略与表征的选择、应用、调整、反馈以及评价等5个维度对新手、熟手和专家教师KoIS之间的差异及其表现特征进行了比较和分析,并据此提出相关建议,为促进高中化学教师KoIS水平提升提供借鉴和参考。     

全自动电位滴定法测定锂电池原料碳酸锂中主成分的含量

采用全自动电位滴定法测定锂电池原料碳酸锂中主成分的含量,用盐酸标准溶液进行滴定,考虑自动电位滴定仪的灵敏性和准确度,通过多次对比实验,确定了仪器的最佳工作参数、滴定剂浓度和样品称样量等滴定条件;对两个不同品位试样分别进行了11次平行测定,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于1%。在碳酸锂试样中加入基准物质无水碳酸钠进行碳酸根的加标回收实验,碳酸根的加标回收率在99.4%~100%。与传统的酸碱滴定法相比,全自动电位滴定法方便、快捷,同时方法测定结果准确、可靠、精密度高,适合大批量样品快速分析。     

Identification,Characterization and Antihypertensive Effect In Vivo of a Novel ACE-Inhibitory Heptapeptide from Defatted Areca Nut Kernel Globulin Hydrolysates

The areca (Areca catechu L.) nut kernel (ANK) is a good potential protein source for its high protein content of 9.89–14.62 g/100 g and a high yield of around 300,000 tons per year in China. However, utilization of the areca nut kernel is limited. To expand the usage of ANK in pharmaceutical or foods industries, areca nut kernel globulin was extracted and angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition peptides were prepared and identified using gel chromatography, reversed phase HPLC separation, UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis and in silico screening. Finally, a novel ACE-inhibitory heptapeptide (Ala–Pro–Lys–Ile–Glu–Glu–Val) was identified and chemically synthesized. The combination pattern between APKIEEV and ACE, and the inhibition kinetics, antihypertensive effect and endothlein-1 inhibition activity of APKIEEV were studied. The results of the molecular docking demonstrated that APKIEEV could bind to four active sites (not the key active sites) of ACE via short hydrogen bonds and demonstrated high ACE-inhibitory activity (IC₅₀: 550.41 μmol/L). Moreover, APKIEEV exhibited a significantly lowering effect on both the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats, and had considerable suppression ability on intracellular endothelin-1. These results highlight the potential usage of APKIEEV as ingredients of antihypertensive drugs or functional foods.