Joule–Thomson expansion of RN-AdS black hole immersed in perfect fluid dark matter

In this paper, we study the Joule–Thomson expansion for RN-Ad S black holes immersed in perfect fluid dark matter. As perfect fluid dark matter is one of the dark matter candidates, we are interested in how it influences the thermodynamic properties of black holes. Firstly, the negative cosmological constant could be interpreted as thermodynamic pressure and its conjugate quantity as the thermodynamic volume, which give us more physical insights into the black hole. Moreover, we derive the thermodynamic definitions and study the critical behaviour of the black hole. Secondly,the explicit expression of Joule–Thomson coefficient is obtained from the basic formulas of the pressure, the volume, the entropy and the temperature. Then, we obtain the inversion curves in terms of charge Q and parameter λ. Furthermore, we analyse the isenthalpic curve in T–P graph with the cooling–heating region determined by the inversion curve. At last, we derive the ratio of minimum inversion temperature to critical temperature and compare the result with that in the RN-Ad S case.     

Charged torus-like black holes as heat engines

We investigate the thermodynamical properties of charged torus-like black holes and take it as the working substance to study the heat engines. In the extended phase space, by interpreting the cosmological constant as the thermodynamic pressure, we derive the thermodynamical quantities by the first law of black hole thermodynamics and obtain the equation of state. Then, we calculate the efficiency of the heat engine in the Carnot cycle as well as the rectangular cycle,and investigate how the efficiency changes with respect to volume. In addition, to avoid a negative temperature, we emphasize that the charge of this black hole cannot be arbitrary. Last,we check the calculation accuracy of a benchmark scheme and discuss the upper bound and lower bound for charged torus-like black hole in the scheme.     

Numerical simulation of the soliton solutions for a complex modified Korteweg—de Vries equation by a finite difference method

In this paper,a Crank-Nicolson-type finite difference method is proposed for computing the soliton solutions of a complex modifed Korteweg de Vries(MKdV)equation(which is equivalent to the Sasa-Satsuma equation)with the vanishing boundary condition.It is proved that such a numerical scheme has the second order accuracy both in space and time,and conserves the mass in the discrete level.Meanwhile,the resuling scheme is shown to be unconditionally stable via the von Nuemann analysis.In addition,an iterative method and the Thomas algorithm are used together to enhance the computational efficiency.In numerical experiments,this method is used to simulate the single-soliton propagation and two-soliton collisions in the complex MKdV equation.The numerical accuracy,mass conservation and linear stability are tested to assess the scheme's performance.     

锯齿型与扶手椅型碳化硅纳米管光电性质第一性原理研究

本文基于密度泛函理论计算分析了手性参数为(17,0)、(20,0)、(26,0) (10,10)、(12,12)、(15,15)的碳化硅纳米管的能带图,态密度及主要光学性质。结果表明：锯齿型与扶手椅型碳化硅纳米管均具有明显的半导体性质;在相近直径下,扶手椅型碳化硅纳米管带隙宽度要大于锯齿型碳化硅纳米管的带隙宽度;碳化硅纳米管的光吸收峰在100nm~200nm之间,可用于制作紫外线探测器件。     

HL-2M 主机抗扭转支撑结构计算分析

根据通电的环向场(TF)线圈在磁场作用下将产生侧向力和径向力,提出了抗扭转支撑结构方案。该方案能够降低这两种力对 TF 线圈的影响,并且保证线圈连接面的紧密接触和绝缘层不会发生相对错动。对抗扭转支撑结构进行计算分析,确定该结构的受力方式以及传力路径。结果表明,在实验运行以及极端工况下结构的应力、位移能够到达设计要求,通过疲劳计算得出抗扭转支撑结构能满足 20 年以上的实验运行,能够保证 HL-2M装置安全、平稳和可靠的运行。      

基于1085 km实地光纤链路的双波长光纤时间同步研究

在长距离高精度光纤时间同步系统中,为了减少后向反射光与光纤色散对传输精度的影响,本文在双波长光纤时间同步传输方法之上,提出了一种具有色散误差修正功能的双波长光纤时间同步传输方法.以自行研制的工程样机在长度约为800 km的实验室光纤链路上和1085 km的实地光纤链路上进行了实验测试,也是国内首次实现千公里级实地光纤时间同步传输.在实验室光纤链路上,测得传输链路色散补偿后的色散时延误差为10 ps,时间同步标准差为5.7 ps,稳定度为1.12 ps@105 s,不确定度为18.4 ps.在实地光纤链路上,测得传输链路色散补偿后的色散时延误差为60 ps,时间同步标准差为18 ps,稳定度为5.4 ps@4×10⁴ s,不确定度为63.5 ps.     

一种“冻地”鸡血石相似玉石的宝石学及谱学研究

研究对象是一种与“冻地”鸡血石外观高度相似的玉石,该种玉石半透明“地”中含有橙红色矿物。利用X射线粉晶衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱仪、拉曼光谱仪对该玉石的宝石学及谱学特征进行研究。结果表明：该玉石“地”的主要组成矿物为有序度较高的地开石、橙红色矿物为雄黄;地开石晶体为自形假六边形片状,约15～20 μm,厚2～4 μm,粒径均一且形态一致,集合体在三维空间无序排列;部分样品“地”中含有少量黄铁矿、萤石、石英、方解石等矿物。“地”的红外光谱指纹区具有高岭石族矿物的主要特征峰,分别位于430,470,540,698,755,795,913,937,1 002,1 034和1 118 cm-1;官能团区以3 622,3 653和3 706 cm-1处的吸收峰为特征,3 622 cm-1吸收峰由内羟基OH1的面内伸缩振动引起,3 653 cm-1归属于内表面羟基OH2和OH4的同相伸缩振动;从高频峰到低频峰强度依次增大,且内表面羟基OH3伸缩振动引起的吸收峰位于3 706 cm-1,表明“地”为有序地开石;拉曼光谱测试表明“血”为雄黄,具有186,222,235,273,346和355 cm-1的特征拉曼位移,其中186和222 cm-1归属于S-As-S的弯曲振动,346和355 cm-1由As-S的伸缩振动引起;拉曼光谱同样可用于“地”的矿物组成研究,低频区具有133,241,266,336,436,463,747,792和914 cm-1的高岭石族矿物的特征位移,高频区可见三个与红外光谱相似的阶梯状谱峰,3 624 cm-1强度最大,归属于OH1的伸缩振动,次强峰3 646 cm-1由OH2和OH4的同相伸缩振动引起,归属于OH3的伸缩振动峰强度最小且位于3 706 cm-1,高频区拉曼位移特点指示“地”为地开石,且有序度较高,与红外光谱测试结论一致。尽管研究样品的“地”与“冻地”鸡血石的主要组成矿物相同,为地开石,且具有外观细腻、温润等特点,但其“血”并非辰砂而是雄黄,所以不应与鸡血石混淆,其正确的珠宝玉石名称应为“粘土矿物质玉”。     

外型和内型C-2位单取代降冰片烯衍生物的核磁共振波谱研究

C-2位单取代降冰片烯衍生物中降冰片烯环存在各向异性,且多数为外型和内型异构体的混合物,导致其结构解析困难.针对这一问题,本文在制备了单一构型的C-2位羧基和羟甲基取代的降冰片烯衍生物的基础上,利用¹H NMR、DEPT135、¹H-¹H COSY、¹H-¹³C HMQC、¹H-¹H NOESY谱和相应的耦合裂分信息,对外型-5-降冰片烯-2-羧酸、内型-5-降冰片烯-2-羧酸、外型-5-降冰片烯-2-甲醇和内型-5-降冰片烯-2-甲醇的¹H和¹³C NMR信号进行归属,并探讨了降冰片烯衍生物的取代基种类及空间构型对¹H NMR化学位移的影响.     

低场核磁共振短死时间射频线圈与射频开关的设计

本文以核磁共振（NMR）射频线圈振铃信号产生原理为对象进行分析研究,提出了一种适用于低场环境下由环状间隙腔线圈与螺线管线圈构成的收发分离式短死时间射频线圈设计方案,采用优化调谐匹配网络提高发射效率;根据射频线圈方案需求设计了快速切换的射频开关及驱动．在此基础上依据仿真结果制作了短死时间射频线圈,并应用于自主研制的低场9.51 MHz便携式NMR谱仪系统,进行NMR实验,结果显示可将收发切换时间缩短至10 μs以内,验证了该设计方案的可行性．     

Temperature Dependent In-Plane Anisotropic Magnetoresistance in HfTe_5 Thin Layers

We report the observation of in-plane anisotropic magnetoresistance and planar Hall effect in non-magnetic HfTe₅ thin layers.The observed anisotropic magnetoresistance as well as its sign is strongly dependent on the critical resistivity anomaly temperature T_p.Below T_p,the anisotropic magnetoresistance is negative with large negative magnetoresistance.When the in-plane magnetic field is perpendicular to the current,the negative longitudinal magnetoresistance reaches its maximum.The negative longitudinal magnetoresistance effect in HfTe₅ thin layers is dramatically different from that induced by the chiral anomaly as observed in Weyl and Dirac semimetals.One potential underlying origin may be attributed to the reduced spin scattering,which arises from the in-plane magnetic field driven coupling between the top and bottom surface states.Our findings provide valuable insights for the anisotropic magnetoresistance effect in topological electronic systems and the device potential of HfTe5 in spintronics and quantum sensing.