电子束产生大尺度等离子体过程的数值模拟研究

建立了一个四组分一维混合模型，对电子束注入大气产生大尺度等离子体的过程进行了数值模拟.结果表明了能量为140keV、流强为50mA/cm²的注入电子束，可以产生线度为0.5m，密度为10¹²cm^-3量级的大气环境下等离子体.电子束所伴随的空间电荷效应由于等离子体的产生会很快消失，不影响后续的等离子体产生过程.电子束注入流强主要影响产生等离子体的密度，而电子束能量则同时影响其空间线度和密度. 关键词： 电子束 碰撞 电离     

Fe100-xPdx合金纳米线阵列的制备及其磁性研究

利用直流电沉积法在多孔阳极氧化铝模板中制备出了一系列Fe100-xPdx磁性纳米线阵列. Pd的增加使纳米线的总体磁性降低,各向异性和矫顽力也发生了较大的变化. 当Pd含量高达x=30时,纳米线仍有相当高的矫顽力(7.48 kA/m)和较明显的各向异性,但当Pd的含量增加到50%时,纳米线的易磁化方向由平行线的方向反转到垂直线的方向. 实验证明,这是由于在Fe80Pd20 和Fe70Pd30中连续的磁性相在Fe50Pd50纳米线中变成了与非磁性相相互间隔的非连续片状结构. 片状磁性相的形状各向异性使易磁化方向转变到垂直纳米线轴的方向. 从生长动力学的角度对Fe50Pd50纳米线中这种片状的形成进行了解释.     

激光诱导荧光探测水体中溶解有机物浓度

用Nd∶YAG激光器的三倍频355 nm光作为激发光源,根据激光诱导荧光(LIF)方法激发并探测污染水体的荧光光谱.通过对荧光光谱的分析处理研究归一化荧光强度,即450 nm处水中溶解有机物(DOM)峰与405 nm处水的拉曼峰的比值,反演溶解有机物浓度.用商品腐殖酸和去离子水配置成已知浓度的溶液代替标准DOM溶液进行标定,得到回归方程.结果证明,DOM的归一化荧光强度与水体中DOM浓度有较好的线性关系,因此LIF方法是对大面积水域水质进行动态遥测的较理想方法.     

用能量法求多自由度振动系统的角频率

利用简谐振动能量方程，通过分析振幅矢量的关系，用能量法求多自由度振动系统的角频率或简正振动频率。     

Synthesis and biological activity of S-oxo-[(methylthio)-methyl]cysteinols

A convenient route was developed to synthesize S-oxo-[(methylthio)-methyl]cysteinols on a large scale from cheap l-serine as the starting material. The structures of diastereoisomers were determined by NMR, CD spectra, and X-ray diffraction analysis. All four diastereoisomers were examined for their ability to inhibit certain bacteria from growing.     

SiOx纳米管的制备及其发光特性

以液态金属镓为媒介,利用热蒸发法合成大量非晶SiOx纳米管,这些纳米管管径均匀分布,平均约80 nm,长度大于10μm,且管内外径比例较小．分析发现,在实验过程中,熔入金属镓液滴中的硅元素和氧元素结合并从液滴的表面饱和析出,形成以镓为中心的非晶SiOx纳米管状结构．在室温中,利用260 nm的激发光源激发SiOx纳米管,发现在蓝光波段附近发出强而稳定的PL谱线,这可能与样品中的氧缺陷和空位有关．     

提高微晶硅薄膜太阳电池效率的研究

采用甚高频等离子体增强化学气相沉积技术制备了系列微晶硅薄膜太阳电池，指出了气体总流量和背反射电极的类型对电池性能参数的影响.电池的I-V测试结果表明：随反应气体总流量的增加，对应电池的短路电流密度、开路电压和填充因子都有很大程度的提高，结果使得电池的光电转换效率得以提高.另外，ZnO/Ag/Al背反射电极能明显提高电池的短路电流密度，进而也提高了电池的光电转换效率.对气体总流量和背反射电极类型影响电池效率的原因进行了分析. 关键词： 微晶硅薄膜太阳电池 气体流量 ZnO/Ag/Al背反射电极     

Frequency dependence of ionic conductivity and dielectric relaxation studies in Na3H(SO4)2 single crystal

Electrical impedance measurements of Na₃H(SO₄)₂ were performed as a function of both temperature and frequency. The electrical conductivity and dielectric relaxation have been evaluated. The temperature dependence of electrical conductivity reveals that the sample crystals transformed to the fast ionic state in the high temperature phase. The dynamical disordering of hydrogen and sodium atoms and the orientation of SO₄ tetrahedra results in fast ionic conductivity. In addition to the proton conduction, the possibility of a Na⁺ contribution to the conductivity in the high temperature phase is proposed. The frequency dependence of AC conductivity is proportional to ω^s. The value of the exponent, s, lies between 0.85 and 0.46 in the room temperature phase, whereas it remains almost constant, 0.6, in the high-temperature phase. The dielectric dispersion is examined using the modulus formalism. An Arrhenius-type behavior is observed when the crystal undergoes the structural phase transition.     

纳米MOSFET迁移率解析模型

从玻尔兹曼方程出发，重新计算了纳米MOSFET沟道内的载流子所服从的分布函数，特别是考虑了纳米MOSFET横向电场和纵向电场之间的相互作用，并且以得到的非平衡状态下的分布函数为基础，考虑载流子寿命和速度的统计分布，给出了纳米MOSFET载流子迁移率的解析表达式.通过与数值模拟结果进行比较和分析，该迁移率解析模型形式简洁、物理概念清晰，且具有相当精度. 关键词： 玻尔兹曼方程 纳米MOSFET 迁移率 沟道有效电场     

A Modified Quasi-Newton Method for Structured Optimization with Partial Information on the Hessian

This paper develops a modified quasi-Newton method for structured unconstrained optimization with partial information on the Hessian, based on a better approximation to the Hessian in current search direction. The new approximation is decided by both function values and gradients at the last two iterations unlike the original one which only uses the gradients at the last two iterations. The modified method owns local and superlinear convergence. Numerical experiments show that the proposed method is encouraging comparing with the methods proposed in [4] for structured unconstrained optimization Presented at the 6th International Conference on Optimization: Techniques and Applications, Ballarat, Australia, December 9–11, 2004