HPLC/MS测定8-硝基-1,3,6-萘三磺酸加氢还原的中间产物

建立了8-硝基-1,3,6-萘三磺酸(硝基T酸)加氢还原的中间产物的HPLC/MS的分析方法。液相色谱条件如下:Hypersil ODS2色谱柱(5μm,4.6 mm×250 mm),流动相为V(甲醇)∶V(水)∶V(乙酸)∶V(三乙胺)=7∶92.1∶0.6∶0.3,流速0.5 mL/min,检测波长234 nm。采用面积归一化法对样品进行定量分析,采用液质联用鉴定硝基T酸加氢还原的中间产物。该方法可用于监测硝基T酸加氢还原的生产过程,并为其它磺酸类化合物的定量和定性分析提供借鉴。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测三苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测三苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚(tristyrylphenol ethoxylates,TSPn EO)的分析方法,并对TSPn EO在反相色谱柱(XBridge C_(18),150 mm×2.1 mm,3.5μm)、亲水相互作用色谱柱(XBridge HILIC,150 m m×2.1 m m,3.5μm)、氨基色谱柱(XBridge Amide,150 m m×2.1 m m,3.5μm)、伪反相色谱柱(C18柱(XBridge C_(18),50 mm×2.1 mm,5μm)与硅胶柱(Nova-Pak Silica,150 mm×2.1 mm,4μm)串联)4种不同液相色谱分离模式下的分离效果进行了研究。实验比较了5 mmol/L乙酸铵水-乙腈、0.1%(v/v)甲酸水-乙腈、水-乙腈和水-甲醇4种流动相组成及3种梯度洗脱条件对分离效果和灵敏度的影响。探讨了TSPnEO在电喷雾离子(ESI)源内的离子化特征,结果表明,在ESI正离子模式下,TSPnEO在离子源内形成[M+NH4]+离子,其聚合度的分布特征符合泊松分布。利用伪反相色谱柱,水-乙腈作为流动相,实现了不同聚合度(n=5~18)TSPnEO的分离。     

高效液相色谱-质谱法对饲料及食品添加剂中三聚氰胺的测定

建立了饲料中三聚氰胺的高效液相色谱-质谱测定方法.色谱条件:Kromasil C18柱(4.6 mm×250mm,5 μm),流动相:乙腈-0.1%(体积分数)甲酸(体积比5:95),流速0.4 mL/min.采用正离子模式的电喷雾质谱检测,以一级质谱得到的准分子离子m/z 127作为母离子,进行碰撞诱导解离(CID)二级质谱(MS2)分析,选择母离子和MS2的碎片离子m/z 85、109定性确证,提取m/z 85、109、127三个离子质量色谱峰面积定量.实验优化了质谱条件.线性范围为0.01～0.5 mg/L,检出限0.01 mg/L(S/N=3),回收率为80%～99%.     

苯并芘DNA加合物anti-BPDE-N^2-dG四种立体异构体的合成及色谱分离

体外合成了苯并芘DNA加合物-邻二醇环氧苯并芘-脱氧鸟苷加合物(anti-BPDE-N2-dG)四种立体异构体(两对手性异构体)。通过优化体外反应条件,anti-BPDE-N2-dG四种异构体的合成产量较现有合成方法提高了2倍多,为定量检测生物体中anti-BPDE-N2-dG提供了标准品。并首次将五氟苯基色谱柱应用于该立体异构体的色谱分离提纯,通过优化色谱条件,采用常规的五氟苯基色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈-0.1%甲酸水(22.5∶77.5)为流动相,流速1.2 mL/min条件下,45 min内即可分离提纯四种立体异构体。该方法与常规C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)需要160 min,苯基柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)需要85~100 min才能将四种立体异构体实现色谱分离相比,缩短了分离时间,提高了提纯效率。通过紫外吸收光谱、质谱、圆二色谱对四种立体异构体进行表征,确定出峰顺序为trans(-)、trans(+)、cis(+)、cis(-)-anti-BPDE-N2-dG。此外,利用高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)检测anti-BPDE-N2-dG四种立体异构体标准品时,使用常规的五氟苯基色谱柱可在30 min内完成分离检测,与相同规格的苯基柱需要60 min相比提高了检测效率。     

UPLC-DAD法同时测定预调鸡尾酒中24种水溶性合成色素

建立了预调鸡尾酒中24种水溶性合成色素的超高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器(UPLC-DAD)分析方法,对流动相、色谱柱、洗脱梯度等色谱条件进行了优化,确定最佳分离条件为:Waters BEH C18色谱柱(2. 1 mm×50 mm,1. 7μm),流动相为10 mmol/L乙酸铵(pH 6. 25)和甲醇-乙腈(2∶8,体积比),采用梯度洗脱,在16 min内实现24种色素的快速分离。24种色素在0. 01～50. 0 mg/L范围内具有良好的线性关系(r~2 0. 998 0),方法检出限为0. 66～27. 78μg/L,定量下限为2. 19～92. 59μg/L;日内相对标准偏差(RSD)为0. 04%～5. 3%,日间RSD为0. 08%～6. 4%;回收率为53. 4%～114%。该方法具有所测色素种类多、分析时间短、检出限低等优势,已成功应用于市售预调鸡尾酒样品的检测。     

HPLC-MS/MS法测定奶粉中的L-硒-甲基硒代半胱氨酸

建立了测定硒营养强化奶粉中L-硒-甲基硒代半胱氨酸含量的HPLC-MS/MS方法.奶粉经乙腈-水(2∶1)超声提取,离心沉淀蛋白后取其上清液,然后采用Phenom enex Luna 3μm C18色谱柱(150 mm×2.00 mm,3μm),甲醇-水溶液(5:95)为流动相,流速为0.2 mL/min,柱温20℃,...     

中药红毛五加化学成分的高效液相色谱/电喷雾电离/质谱/质谱(HPLC/ESI/MS2)分析

建立了中药红毛五加化学成分的HPLC/ESI/MS2定性分析方法。液相色谱条件:Zorbax SB-C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm i.d.,5 μm);乙腈-水(用冰醋酸调pH为3.0)梯度洗脱,流量0.8 mL/min;柱温30 ℃;二极管阵列检测器(DAD),检测波长254 nm。质谱条件:Agilent离子阱质谱仪;电喷雾离子(ESI)源;正离子检出模式。采用该方法得到了红毛五加的紫外(UV)色谱图、总离子流色谱图(TIC)和萃取离子色谱图(EIC),以及相应色谱峰的EIC/MS2的质谱     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定蜂蜜中胆碱和乙酰胆碱

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱同时测定蜂蜜中胆碱和乙酰胆碱的分析方法.试样采用水-乙腈(体积比2:3)溶液提取,乙腈-水(体积比8:2)稀释后以0.22μm滤膜过滤上机测定.采用ACQUITY UPLC BEH HILIC(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱分离,以10 mmol/L乙酸铵(含0.1％乙酸)...     

超高效液相色谱-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法测定硝苯地平中痕量基因毒性杂质

建立了测定硝苯地平中基因毒性杂质2、6和12的超高效液相色谱-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法(UHPLC-Orbitrap HRMS).样品以甲醇为溶剂,提取后直接进样分析.采用ACE EXCELTM 3 C18-AR色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,3μm)分离,流动相为甲醇-0.1％甲酸水(65:35,v/v),等度洗...     

奶粉中高氯酸盐的液相色谱-串联质谱测定

建立了奶粉中高氯酸盐的液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)测定方法.奶粉样品用水-乙腈(体积比1:2)超声波振荡提取2次,于4 000 r/min离心后,上清液经Oasis HLB固相萃取小柱净化;采用离子交换色谱分离,色谱柱为METROSEP A Supp 5(150 mm×4.0 mm)阴离子交换柱,流动相为0.2 mol/L乙酸铵溶液-乙腈(体积比1 : 1),流速0.7 mL/min;电喷雾负离子模式电离,质谱多反应选择离子检测(MRM),检测离子对为 m/z 99→83和m/z 101→85,其中m/z 99→83为定量离子对.方法的相对标准偏差为3.59%,回收率为91% ～106%,检出限为1.0 μg/kg,定量下限为5.0 μg/kg.结果表明,该法简便快速、准确可靠,也适用于鲜牛奶、酸牛奶等其他乳制品中高氯酸盐的测定.     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.