电热蒸发进样微波诱导等离子体原子吸收光谱法测定银和镉的研究

研究了以常压低功率氩微波诱导等离子体（ＭＩＰ）为原子化器的原子吸收光谱法（ＡＡＳ）测定银和镉。采用电热蒸发（ＥＴＶ）,浓Ｈ２ＳＯ４吸收去溶的进样方法。考察了微波前向功率,载气流量,去溶电压,去溶时间,蒸发电压,酸度对银,镉测定的影响。方法已用于试样分析。     

去溶温度对微波诱导等离子体原子吸收光谱法分析性能影响的研究

本文研究了超声雾化微波诱导等离子体原子吸收光谱法(UN-MIP-AAS)中,去溶温度对选择载气流量、微波前向功率等因素的影响,并定量考察了去溶效果。通过改善去溶条件,提高了UN-MIP-AAS的分析性能。     

五灵脂及其炮制品的微量元素含量测定

为分析五灵脂生药及其炮制品中的微量元素，用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP－AES）分析比较了五灵脂及其炮制品中15种微量元素的含量。结果表明，五灵脂生药及其炮制品中富含钙，镁，铁，炮制品可减少铝的溶出。     

膜去溶-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定高纯氟化铍中痕量稀土元素

建立了膜去溶与电感耦合等离子体质谱联用法（MD-ICP-MS）测定高纯氟化铍（BeF₂）中的稀土元素,比较研究了冷雾化湿法与膜去溶干法进样技术在痕量稀土元素分析中的应用。在优化膜去溶装置参数后,MD-ICP-MS显著提高了元素的分析灵敏度,Ce的信号强度显著增加约5倍;CeO⁺/Ce⁺下降了约2个数量级,变化范围降在0.013%～0.019%之间。通过酸纯化器对本底进行了严格的控制,MD-ICP-MS的检出限范围为0.2～2.6 ng/L。对高纯BeF₂进行了分析,除了含量极低的稀土元素,ICP-MS与MD-ICP-MS法测定稀土元素的相对偏差均在5%以内。MD-ICP-MS的加标回收率在92.4%～105.2%之间。该方法可为高纯BeF₂中痕量稀土元素提供分析支持。     

热喷雾作为电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱的进样技术

设计并建立了热喷雾器及其去溶装置。用热喷雾作为电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱的进样技术，并对其性能作了系统研究。与气动雾化器比较，对２３个元素检出限的改善为５￣２０倍。     

简易电解池—改换介质—阳极溶出伏安法

采用自制的简易电解池，以圆盘旋转玻碳电极为工作电极，用于阳极溶出伏安法改换溶出介质的可行性研究。以同时测定Ｃｕ（Ⅱ），Ｓｂ（Ⅲ）为例，试验了改换溶出介质的条件。此方法用于矿样中铜和锑的同时测定，结果满意。     

电感耦合高频等离子光源的参数选择与分析应用

电感耦合高频等离子体作为一种新的激发源(简称ICP)引入光谱分析以来,正日益以其灵敏度高,稳定性好,能同时进行多元素测定的优越性,成为溶液分析的一种强有力手段。本文报导以自由振荡型ICP光源与1米光栅摄谱仪组合的分析装置,装备有去溶与不去溶进样系统,设计了方便的炬管调节装置,改进了高频电磁场的屏蔽措施,对等离子体多种参数进行了实验选择,测定出折衷工作条件下两种进样系统的元素分析下限与精     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中银研究进展

应用电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）测定地质样品中银时,锆、铌等元素干扰银的测定,造成准确度低、测定偏差大。采用银的富集、王水偏提取和化学分离法等方法可对干扰元素预分离,从而准确测定样品中银;而应用干扰校正方程及碰撞/反应池（CRC-ICP-MS）、膜去溶（DSN-ICP-MS）、激光剥蚀（LA-ICP-MS）和高分辨质谱（HR-ICP-MS）等新技术,能够更加方便、准确测定地质样品中银。     

直流等离子体离子化检测器的研究：管道煤气中可燃气体的测定

本文提出一种改进的直流等离子体离子化检测器（ＤＣＰＩＤ），用于管道煤气中可燃气体Ｈ２、ＣＨ４和ＣＯ的测定。采用氢气作工作气体，对该检测器的工作参数和响应特性进行了优化。本法结果与微波诱导等离子体离子化检测器（ＭＩＰＩＤ）的结果作了比较，结果满意。     

超声雾化进样微波诱导等离子体原子发射光谱法测定痕量磷的研究

本文提出了一种测定水溶液样品中痕量磷的微波诱导等离子体原子发射光谱法(MIPAES)。样品经超声雾化并去溶后引入等离子体。考查了Ar和He MIP中磷的发射光谱特性和一些实验参数对磷发射强度的影响。用Ar和He作工作气体时,检出限分别为0.03和0.0045μg/ml,方法的相对标准偏差小于5％。     

Thermospray nebulizer as sample introduction technique for microwave plasma torch atomic emission spectrometry

A thermospray nebulizer was used as a sample introduction device for microwave plasma torch (MPT) atomic emission spectrometry (AES). Experimental parameters, including the power supplied to the MPT, the flow rates of support and carrier gases, the observation height, the sample uptake rate, the thermospray working temperature, the temperature of the aerosol spray chamber and cooling water were optimized. Under optimum conditions, the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements for 21 elements is in the range 0.3–2.0%. The detection limits were improved in comparison with the ultrasonic nebulizer as sample introduction technique for MPT–AES. The inclusion of 20% methanol into the MPT showed there is no effect on the stability of MPT discharge. The technique can thus be held to have the potential for interface to reverse-phase HPLC systems.     

Determination of Cd,Pb and Sr by Microwave Plasma Torch Atomic Emision Spectrometry Using an Electrothermal Vaporization Sample Introduction System

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＥｌｅｔｒｏｔｈｅｒｍａｌｖａｐｏｒｉｚａｔｉｏｎ（ＥＴＶ）ａｓａｍｅａｎｓｏｆｓａｍｐｌｅｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｉｎｍｉｃｒｏｗａｖｅｉｎ－ｄｕｃｅｄｐｌａｓｍａ（ＭＩＰ）ｓｏｕｒｃｅｓｐｅｃｔｒｏｍｅｔｒｙｈａｓｂｅｅｎ...     

微波辅助在线分离富集Cd的初步研究

以７１７阴离子树脂为在线分离富集的柱填充材料,用微波等离子体炬原子发射光谱法（ＭＰＴ－ＡＥＳ）测定Ｃｄ,研究了施加微波对分离富集的影响。实验结果表明,施加微波明显有利于富集和脱过程,使Ｃｄ的发射强度明显增大。     

Determination of arsenic and antimony by microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometry coupled with hydride generation and a PTFE membrane separator

The performance of a microwave plasma torch (MPT) discharge atomic emission spectrometry (AES) system directly coupled with hydride generation (HG) for the determination of As and Sb has been studied. The argon MPT system can sustain a stable plasma over a wide range of carrier and support gas flow rates with optimum performance at 250 and 1450 ml min⁻¹, respectively. The presence of trace amount of water in the MPT discharge is found to affect the detection limits and the signal to noise ratio. A PTFE membrane separator is applied for hydride introduction and water rejection. In addition, the membrane cell separator also improves the signal to noise ratio by serving as a pressure buffer to minimize noise due to pressure fluctuation. Detection limits (3σ) of 8.1 and 3.2 ng ml⁻¹ are obtained with the analytical lines As I 228.812 nm and Sb I 259.809 nm, respectively at an MPT power of 135 W. The detection limits are improved when a concentrated sulfuric acid cell is placed after the membrane cell to further remove water. This double cell system yields detection limits of 5.3 and 2.1 ng ml⁻¹ for As and Sb, respectively under the same operating conditions. Linear dynamic ranges of three orders of magnitude could be obtained.     

A simple flow-injection on-line clean-up system for microwave plasma-torch atomic emission spectrometry

A simple flow injection (FI) on-line clean-up system has been developed for microwave plasma-torch atomic emission spectrometry (MPT–AES). A non-selective strongly acidic cation-exchange resin was used to achieve the goal of “on-line clean-up”. Ag and Zr, which form halogen-complex anions in halide acid media, and Cr, Mo, and P, which exist as acid group anions or acids (neutral) in acidic solution, were determined and the interfering matrix cations were removed on-line. Satisfactory analytical results were obtained from some practical samples by use of this procedure.     

Electromagnetic Properties of a New Microwave Plasma Torch with Double Resonance Configuration

In order to obtain a stable plasma and improve the performance of the torch for atomic emission spectroscopy(AES), the structure of microwave plasma torch(MPT) was analyzed. The transmission and distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic field of the torch configuration with two or three concentric tubes, as well as the metal spacer between inner and intermediate tubes with different depths were simulated with electromagnetic simulation software and verified by experiments. The results indicate that the inner tube of MPT plays an important role in strengthening the electric field intensity at the opening end of the MPT and redistributing the electromagnetic field in the whole torch by forming a double resonance configuration, and contributes to enhancing the macroscopic stability and the self-sustainment of the plasma. The stability of the plasma is proved to be excellent when the metal spacer between the inner and intermediate tubes is located at a place 20—30 mm away from the top opening of the torch. A proper location of the spacer can also avoid the formation of a static filament plasma or a rotating plasma rooted from the outer wall of the inner tube. With the help of morphological analysis, the underlying reason why MPT possesses a great tolerance to wet aerosols and air introduction was clearly made, that is, the formation region of the plasma formed with MPT is apparently separated from the reaction zone of it.     

水溶液中表面活性剂月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠性能的介观模拟

采用介观动力学模拟方法MesoDyn研究比较了表面活性剂月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠(AES)和月桂醇硫酸钠(SDS)在水溶液里的聚集行为及相互间作用, 从介观层面上研究了分子结构差异所导致聚集行为的一系列差别. 同时模拟研究了AES/苯体系中各组分对体系形貌的影响. 以苯、正辛醇为油污代表, 通过对密度切片图的研究, 模拟比较了AES对这两种油污去除机理的差异. 选择AES/苯为研究体系, 从介观的层次考察其胶束形成的影响因素. 结果表明, 由于极性头的结构差别, AES和SDS在临界胶束浓度和聚集数方面都有差异, 同时两种表面活性剂之间又存在着较强的协同效应. 除疏水性作用、氢键作用外, 亲水性作用也在胶束形成中起重要作用. 对密度切片图的观察得出, 由于所选择油污的结构差异导致了AES对其增溶方式的差异.     

气动雾化进样时微波等离子体炬作为激发光源的性能研究

以气动雾化进样研究了微波等离子体炬（ＭＰＴ）放电作原子发射光谱法激发光源的性能，包括ＭＰＴ的获得、操作参数的影响、样品引入及其分析性能，并与微波诱导等离子体进行了比较，证明ＭＰＴ放电作激发光源有良好的分析性能．     

Evaluation of Improved Ultrasonic Nebulizer for Miniature Simultaneous Microwave Plasma Torch Spectrometer

Introduction Forthelaboratoriesthatrequirerapidresultsor havehighsamplethroughput,analysisspeedispara mount.Tomeetthisrequirement,thedevelopmentof atomicspectrometershasgonethroughmanystages,fromsinglechannelsequentialscanningspectrometers,multichanneldir…     

Photochemical behavior of 6-methylpterin in aqueous solutions: generation of reactive oxygen species

Pterins are a family of heterocyclic compounds present in a wide range of living systems that participate in relevant biological functions and are involved in different photobiological processes. 6-Methylpterin (MPT) was investigated for its efficiency of singlet-oxygen (1O2) production and quenching in aqueous solution. The quantum yields of 1O2 production (phi(delta)) was determined by measurements of the 1O2 luminescence in the near-infrared upon continuous excitation of the sensitizer. Values of phi(delta) were found to be 0.10 +/- 0.02 and 0.14 +/- 0.02 in acidic and alkaline media, respectively. Studies of the photooxidation of MPT in acidic (pH = 5.0-6.0) and alkaline (pH = 10.2-10.8) aqueous solutions at 350 nm and room temperature have been performed. The photochemical reactions were followed by UV-visible spectrophotometry, high-performance liquid chromatography and an enzymatic method for H2O2 determination. MPT is not light sensitive in the absence of oxygen, but it undergoes a photooxidation reaction in the presence of oxygen, yielding several nonpteridinic products. The quantum yields of MPT disappearance were determined and values of 2.4 (+/-0.5) x 10(-4) and 8.1 (+/-0.8) x 10(-4) were obtained in acidic and alkaline media, respectively. H2O2 was detected and quantified in irradiated solutions of MPT. The rate constant of the chemical reaction between 1O2 and MPT (k(r)) was determined to be 4.9 x 10(6) M(-1) s(-1) in alkaline medium and the role of 1O2 in the photooxidation of MPT is discussed.