高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术测定人血浆中的西替利嗪

建立了人血浆中西替利嗪的液相色谱-质谱联用测定方法.血浆样品调至pH 6,经V(乙酸乙酯):V(CH2Cl2)＝4:1液-液提取后,以Agilent Zorbax SB-C18(2.1 mm×150 mm i.d.,3.5 μm)柱为色谱柱,流动相为V(乙腈):V(1%甲酸水)＝55:45溶液,流速为0.5 mL/min,柱温:25 ℃,进样量:5 μL,在Agilent 1100 LC/MSD XCT离子阱质谱仪上,以多重反应离子(MRM)方式进行定量分析,用于监测的离子为m/z 389→201(西替利嗪)和m/z 515→497(替米沙坦,内标物).西替利嗪的检出限为0.50 μg/L(S/N=3),线性范围为2.5～400 μg/L,方法回收率在82.0%～86.7%之间(n=5),精密度与准确度符合生物样品分析要求.该法可用于西替利嗪临床血药浓度和药代动力学研究.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定乳制品中三聚氰胺的残留量

建立一种用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾质谱联用技术测定乳制品中三聚氰胺残留量的方法.样品经含5%乙酸铅的三氯乙酸溶液提取,离心分离后经PCX-C18混合填料固相萃取柱净化.色谱分离采用Agilent ZORBAX-CN柱(250 mm×4.6 mm i.d.,5 μm),以10 mmol/L V(乙酸铵)∶V(乙腈)＝10∶90混合溶液为流动相.采用电喷雾离子源,正离子多反应监测(MRM)模式检测.该方法在1～1000 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好.在添加水平为10,30,45 μg/kg时,回收率在78.5%～92.6%之间,相对标准偏差在3.5%～8.6%之间,检出限为10 μg/kg.该方法适合于乳制品中三聚氰胺残留量的检测.     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定水果中单甲脒的残留量

建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱法(SPE-HPLC)测定水果中农药单甲脒残留量的检测方法.用HCl溶液将样品中单甲脒转化为盐酸盐并溶于水中,在碱性条件下用乙腈提取,经碱性氧化铝固相萃取柱净化.采用C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)分离,以甲醇-0.01 mol/L乙酸铵溶液(50∶ 50, V/V)为流动相,在254 nm下检测.本方法可以将单甲脒与基质良好分离,在0.01～10 mg/L浓度范围内线性良好(R2=0.9999);检出浓度为0.0013 mg/kg,回收率为80.7%～95.3%,相对标准偏差小于7%,可用于水果中单甲脒残留量的检测.     

高效液相色谱法检测丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯塑料中多溴联苯醚

建立了超声萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)塑料中12种多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)的方法。样品经甲苯/异辛烷(V/V=5/1)提取,离心(5000r/min),过0.45μm滤膜净化。用Waters-C18液相色谱柱(5μm,4.6×250 mm)分离,以甲醇、乙腈和水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在波长226nm处检测,外标法定量。多溴联苯醚在5~500mg/L的范围内,有良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),检出限为0.07~0.2mg/L,萃取率在87.4%~103.1%之间,相对标准偏差小于2.0%。     

5-（5-氯-2-吡啶偶氮）-2,4-二氨基甲苯褪色光度法测定牛血清蛋白

在pH 2.4的Britton-Robinson(B-R)缓冲溶液中,5-(5-氯-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯(5-Cl-PADAT)与牛血清蛋白相互作用形成复合物而导致溶液吸收光谱发生变化,用分光光度法对光谱变化进行了研究.5-Cl-PADAT溶液在430 nm处有一个强的特征吸收峰,当在其溶液中加入牛血清蛋白后,溶液发生褪色现象,吸收峰强度降低,且没有新的吸收峰出现,吸光度降低值(ΔA)与牛血清蛋白的浓度(c)成正比.在选择的最佳试验条件下,牛血清蛋白浓度与ΔA的线性方程为ΔA=0.8141c+0.0041(r=0.9996),线性范围为1.071×10-9～5.902×10-9 mol/L,检出限为5.36×10-10 mol/L,该方法的回收率为96.9%～107.1%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.4%～2.3%(n=6).     

RP-HPLC测定反式-2-硝基乙烯基噻吩的含量

建立了反相高效液相色谱测定反式-2-硝基乙烯基噻吩含量的方法.采用shim-pack C18柱(5 μm,4.6 mm i.d.×250 mm),流动相为V(乙腈)∶V(pH 3的KH2PO4水溶液)=50∶50,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为210 nm.外标法定量,反式-2-硝基乙烯基噻吩在0.002～0.1 mg/mL浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性回归系数(r)为0.9998,平均回收率为99.80%,RSD=0.67% (n=9).     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定奶粉中的双氰胺与三聚氰胺

建立了同时测定奶粉中双氰胺与三聚氰胺含量的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法。采用CAPCELL PAK CR 1:4色谱柱(2.0 mm i.d×150 mm,5μm),V(乙腈):V(CH3COONH4溶液,2 mmol/L,用乙酸调pH=4)=95:5为流动相,流速0.3 mL/min,柱温35℃,质谱检测器进行检测,外标法定量。在上述条件下,两种目标化合物在10~500 ng/mL范围内,质量浓度与定量离子峰面积呈良好的线性关系。对奶粉样品进行添加回收,双氰胺与三聚氰胺的平均回收率分别为93.4%~97.0%,92.7%~98.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为3.7%~5.8%,3.4%~5.7%。该方法可用于奶粉样品中双氰胺与三聚氰胺含量的分析。     

高效液相色谱-质谱法测定燕窝中唾液酸

建立了高效液相色谱-质谱法测定燕窝中唾液酸(N-乙酰神经氨酸)的方法。燕窝样品用冰乙酸(1+1)溶液水解释放出来唾液酸,以V(甲醇):V(水)=50:50为流动相,Inertsil ODS-SP(5μm,4.6 mm×250 mm)色谱柱分离,用电喷雾电离源进行电离,采用负离子模式和选择离子模式检测。方法的检出限为0.10 mg/L,样品平均加标回收率为95.2%,RSD为1.1%。     

α-萘乙酸的高效液相色谱分析

采用高效液相色谱法 ,hypersil 5μmC1 8柱 ( 4 .6× 2 50mm) ,以pH =3～ 4的V(甲醇 )∶V(水 )∶V(磷酸 )=60∶40∶0 .35为流动相 ,检测波长 2 72nm ,测定α -萘乙酸的含量。在 0 .0 1 6～ 1 .0 0 0 g/L范围内 ,浓度与峰面积线性关系良好 (r =0 .9997) ,精密度RSD为 0 .8% (n =5) ,方法简便 ,准确。     

磺丁基醚-β-环糊精手性流动相添加剂法拆分佐匹克隆对映体

采用磺丁基醚-β-环糊精(SBE-β-CD)为手性流动相添加剂,建立了反相高效液相色谱手性流动相添加剂法拆分分离佐匹克隆对映体的方法。在普通C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm×5.0μm)上,考察了水相pH、磺丁基醚-β-环糊精浓度、磷酸盐缓冲液浓度、甲醇含量、柱温等对佐匹克隆对映体拆分效果的影响。确定最适用的色谱条件:流动相为水相(5 mmol/L NaH2PO4,含磺丁基醚-β-环糊精5 mmo/L,以H3PO4调pH为3):甲醇=78:22(V/V),检测波长305nm,流速为1 mL/min,柱温为30℃,此条件下佐匹克隆对映体的保留时间分别为23.0和25.6 min,分离度为1.81。两对对映体质量浓度在0.04~0.36g/L范围内线性关系良好(r≥0.9990),保留时间的RSD分别为0.73%和0.80%,峰面积的RSD分别为1.2%和1.1%。     

离子液体选择性萃取生物产品

Imidazolium based room temperature ionic liquids have been used to extract selectively L-tryptophan from fermentation broth. BF4 anion was found to enhance dramatically the partitioning of L-tryptophan into ionic liquid phase from aqueous solutions.     

The Phosporylation of Aniline Derivatives in Biphase Systems

Aniline derivatives were phosphorylated in biphase systems using three methods. A comparative study was performed. The best results were obtained when a solid–liquid system was used. This method is the easiest and lead to higher yields (54–81%).     

Speciation and Determination of Trace Amount of Inorganic Arsenic in Water,Environmental and Biological Samples

A new speciation and preconcentration method based on dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction has been developed for trace amounts of As(III) and As(V) in urine and water samples. At pH 4, As(III) is complexed with ammoniumpyrrolidine dithiocarbamate and extracted into 1‐Hexyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, as an ionic liquid (IL) and As(III) is determined by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometery (ETAAS). Arsenic(V) in the mixing solution containing As(III) and As(V) was reduced by using KI and ascorbic acid in HCl solution and then the procedure was applied to determination of total arsenic. Arsenic(V) was calculated as the difference between the total arsenic content and As(III) content. The effect of various parameters on the recovery of the arsenic ions has been studied. Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factor 135 was obtained. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of trace amounts of As(III) and As(V) in water and biological samples.     

液体聚异戊二烯的合成与应用研究进展

固态橡胶具有较高的分子量、强度及伸长率,在工业和日常生活中均得到广泛应用.然而,固态橡胶黏度较高,在应用中往往必须引入添加剂.而液体聚异戊二烯是一种液态橡胶,可以作为固态橡胶的软化剂;得益于其特殊的形态和性能,液体聚异戊二烯可望在多方面得到应用.对液体聚异戊二烯的合成与应用进行了评述.     

Applications of multidirectional reflective light-control films on reflective polymer-dispersed liquid crystal displays for enhancement in image quality at lower viewing angles

In this paper, multidirectional light-control reflective (LCR) films are developed in order to create an active reflective structure that will enhance the image brightness and contrast ratio of reflective dye-doped polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (D-PDLC) displays at lower viewing angles. Advantages of LCR films are that their production is low cost and they require a simple photolithographic fabrication method. The optimum design prism-type light-control reflective film succeeded in minimising the surface scattering effect; thus, the contrast ratio is much enhanced. The symmetric and asymmetric LCR films produced multidirectional scattering that enhances the reflectance at lower viewing angles, which has importance in future display applications. In particular, the prism LCR film has been found to be more influential on the reflectance of D-PDLC films due to multidirectional scattering of light by non-symmetric arrays. The improvement in contrast ratio has been confirmed by the enhancement of optical properties for reflective D-PDLC displays at lower viewing angles below 30°.     

液体橡皮泥:属性特征、制备策略及应用探索

液体橡皮泥是指空气环境中被颗粒包裹的以可塑性和复杂形状为特征的液体系统,目前已被成功应用于气体传感、蛋白质分析、光催化等领域,并展现出了很多独特优势。这是一种新兴的软物质体系,与被颗粒包裹的形状为类球形的液体弹珠组成相似,但打破了后者的形状单一性。本文从裸液滴和液体弹珠出发,通过对液体形状和颗粒堵塞问题的分析,梳理了液体橡皮泥技术的建立过程。随后,论述了国内外的研究进展,对不同种类液体橡皮泥的制备、特性及应用进行了概括和分析,重点讨论了单层纳米颗粒结构液体橡皮泥的系列研究。最后,围绕液体橡皮泥的概念内涵、制备方法、特性对比、功能应用等问题进行了总结和探讨,并就未来发展方向和研究思路提出了建议。     

Ionic liquid‐based microwave‐assisted surfactant‐improved dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and derivatization of aminoglycosides in milk samples

A green and simple method, ionic liquid‐based microwave‐assisted surfactant‐improved dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and derivatization was developed for the determination of aminoglycosides in milk samples. Nonionic surfactant Triton X‐100 and ionic liquid 1‐hexyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate were used as the disperser and extraction solvent, respectively. Extraction, preconcentration, and derivatization of aminoglycosides were carried out in a single step. Several experimental parameters, including type and volume of extraction solvent, type and concentration of surfactant, microwave power and irradiation time, concentration of derivatization reagent, and pH value and volume of buffer were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the linearities for determining the analytes were in the range 0.4–10.0 ng/mL for tobramycin, 1.0–25.0 ng/mL for neomycin, and 2.0–50.0 ng/mL for gentamicin, with the correlation coefficients ranging from 0.9991 to 0.9998. The LODs for the analytes were between 0.11 and 0.50 ng/mL. The present method was applied to the analysis of different milk samples, and the recoveries of aminoglycosides obtained were in the range 96.4–105.4% with the RSDs lower than 5.5%. The results showed that the present method was a rapid, convenient, and environmentally friendly method for the determination of aminoglycosides in milk samples.     

有机硅侧链液晶研究进展

综述了国内外有机硅侧链液晶近年来的研究进展，对近晶型、席夫碱型、向列型、胆甾型、偶氮苯型、鱼骨型以及光学非线性型几种主要类型的有机硅侧链液晶进行了详细介绍，并对近年来受到重视的有机硅侧链液晶电流性和离聚物研究进展作了较全面的总结，最后对其应用前景进行了展望。     

水样中氟罗沙星和磺胺喹噁啉的离子液体均匀提取

提出一种新的离子液体均匀提取方法,即向水样中加入可溶于水的离子液体1-己基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([C6MimBF4]),再加入过量六氟磷酸铵(NH4PF6),形成不溶于水的离子液体1-己基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([C6MimPF6]),水样中的氟罗沙星和磺胺喹噁啉被提取到[C6MimPF6]相,离心分离后,离子液体可直接用于HPLC分析.本法测得的氟罗沙星和磺胺喹噁啉的检出限分别为1.8和1.1μg/L.     

Determination of Alkylphenols in Water by Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Based on Solid Formation without a Disperser

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on solid formation without a disperser combined with high-performance liquid chromatography has been developed for the determination of 4-tert-butylphenol, 4-n-nonylphenol, and 4-tert-octylphenol. This method is rapid, easy, and uses only 10 µL of a low toxicity organic solvent (1-hexadecanethiol) for the extraction solvent and no disperser solvent. The extraction time and centrifugation time require less than 10 min. The linear range was 1–500 ng mL^?1 for 4-tert-butylphenol, 2–1000 ng mL^?1 for 4-tert-octylphenol, and 5–500 ng mL^?1 for 4-n-nonylphenol with r² ≥ 0.9986. The detection limits were between 0.2 and 1.5 ng mL^?1. The recoveries of lake and river water samples were in the range of 79% to 108%, and the relative standard deviations were 5% to 10%.