乳液聚合法制备亚微米级分子印迹聚合物微球

以西咪替丁为印迹分子，2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为功能单体，三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸甲酯(TRIM)为交联剂，采用乳液聚合法制备了亚微米级分子印迹聚合物微球．利用扫描电镜对此聚合物微球的形貌进行了观察，探讨了影响乳液稳定性、粒径大小与分布的主要因素，重点对聚合工艺和配方进行了优化，并将所得的聚合物用作吸附剂研究了其分子识别与选择性能．研究表明，乳液聚合法能够制得单分散性较好的、平均粒径在0．169μm～0．407μm的分子印迹聚合物微球，且该微球对其印迹分子呈现出较好的特异识别与选择性能，当以苯丙氨酸为竞争分子时，分离因子可达1．70．     

微乳液聚合研究进展

从聚合机理和所得聚合物性能两个方面,分析总结了微乳液聚合与乳液聚合的差别.并介绍了微乳液聚合研究的国内外研究动态.     

八甲基环四硅氧烷的微乳液聚合

八甲基环四硅氧烷的微乳液聚合;聚硅氧烷;微乳液聚合;成核机理     

苯丙共聚微乳液粒径增长机理研究

自从1980年Stofer[1]首次进行微乳液聚合研究以来,微乳液聚合法作为制备纳米聚合物乳液的主要方法,已广泛应用于生物医药、涂料、胶黏剂和造纸工业等领域.随着微乳液的广泛应用,要求人们对微乳液聚合深入研究,然而大多数的报道都是关于微乳液聚合速率的研究,对微乳液聚合的过程和粒子分散变化的研究报道很少.虽然乳液聚合和微乳液聚合具有许多相似点,但是由于微乳液聚合过程中需要加入大量的乳化剂,导致微乳液聚合的反应动力学不同于乳液聚合.     

过硫酸钾引发苯乙烯微乳液聚合

以具有Ｙ型结构的乳化剂ＨＯＡ制备苯乙烯微乳液，能有效提高体系中单体浓度和单体对乳化剂的比例，用过硫酸眼具有苯乙烯含量较高的微乳液聚合，记录聚合速率随转化率的变化，观测到了聚合恒速期的存在，恒速期随单体浓度减小，过硫酸钾浓度增加及乳化剂浓度增加而缩短，还研究了聚合动力学，探讨了微乳液聚合的机理。     

微乳液聚合和寡链高分子凝聚态研究进展

介绍了微乳液的结构，微乳液聚合，寡链高分子凝聚态和微胶乳粒子成膜过程的最新进展。     

超声辐照引发MMA微乳液聚合

研究了超声波引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)的微乳液聚合.辐照40min时单体转化率高达90%.透射电镜观察发现,PMMA微乳液平均粒径为36.5nm,粒径分布窄,表明超声波引发是制备PMMA微乳液的有效方法.采用分光光度计对微乳液聚合过程中乳胶粒的形成和大小进行了间接表征,研究了超声功率输出、乳化剂、助乳化剂、单体和引发剂对MMA微乳液聚合的影响.     

辐射引发丙烯酰胺微乳液聚合

辐射引发丙烯酰胺微乳液聚合徐相凌，张志成，张曼维（中国科学技术大学应用化学系合肥２３００２６）关键词丙烯酰胺，微乳液聚合，辐射引发聚合聚丙烯酸胺（ＰＡＭ）及其共聚物是广泛应用的水溶性高分子．８０年代中期，Ｃａｎｄａｕ等’‘－”首先开始研究了丙烯酸胺的...     

苯乙烯-氯甲基苯乙烯-丙烯酸的胶乳微球共聚合

采用无乳化剂乳液聚合方法,研究了苯乙烯-氯甲基苯乙烯-丙烯酸胶乳微球的共聚合反应,探索了影响聚合反应的因素和规律,改善了微球的性能,有效地控制了微球的聚合稳定性和粒子形态,制备出单分散性好、表面清洁的胶乳微球。     

室温交联型硅丙微胶乳的合成研究Ⅱ.改性微胶乳的粒径控制及其微观形态表征

采用种子微乳液聚合法和单体预乳化法分别合成了室温交联型有机硅改性聚丙烯酸酯微胶乳，研究了硅烷单体的添加和氧化反应对改性微胶乳粒子大小及分布的影响．结果表明：采用种子微乳液聚合法得到的硅丙微胶乳粒子大小与硅烷单体的种类．用量和添加顺序无关，平均粒径约为40-60nm．TEM照片显示出，采用种子微乳液聚合法合成的硅丙微胶乳舡子由于内部存在交联结构而导致表面形状不规则，有“乳突”现象；而采用预乳化法合成的硅丙微胶乳粒径粗大，呈规则的球形，氧化后柱径从100nm以上减小到80nm左右，粒子表面出现“绒毛”现象，这是由于硅烷组分的水解反应受到抑制而使粒子内部的交联密度降低的缘故．     

苯乙烯微乳液种子聚合

通过观测苯乙烯微乳液种子聚合前后体系内聚合物粒子大小及其分布的变化发现,无论是γ射线还是KPS引发,聚合过程中都没有新的聚合物粒子生成。尽管聚合前体系中存在单体溶胀的胶束,但在聚合过程中这些胶束主要充当单体仓库,自己成核聚合的几率很低。由于微乳液种子聚合体系内,单体量相对较低,聚合物粒子数目很大,其聚合动力学明显不同于常规乳液种子聚合。     

阳离子型微乳液聚合丙烯酰胺的表征

自从Hoar[1]和Schulman[2]利用乳化剂、水和油制得均一透明的微乳液以来,微乳液在许多领域中得到广泛应用.Candau[3,4]通过微乳液聚合得到分子量很高(105～106)的纳米级聚合物粒子,且聚合物分子链采取紧密缠绕的构象.Antonietti[5]在对苯乙烯微乳液聚合的研究报道中认为,聚合物分子链是以一种类似于网状交联结构的形态存在的,这些结果表明,通过微乳液聚合所得聚合物可能存在着一些特殊的性质.本文采用阳离子型乳化剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)和脂肪族醇助乳化剂制备的油包水(W/O)型反相微乳液体系来聚合丙烯酰胺(Am),并与使用相同乳…     

微乳液聚合制备透明丙烯酸酯多孔共聚物

多孔聚丙烯酸酯;引发;微乳液聚合制备透明丙烯酸酯多孔共聚物     

微乳液聚合制备聚(甲基丙烯酸丁酯-乙烯基吡咯烷酮)纳米粒子

以BPO和FeSO4为氧化还原引发体系,使用非离子型的乳化剂吐温80,在低乳化剂浓度下(w<0.06)进行甲基丙烯酸丁酯和乙烯基吡咯烷酮的微乳液聚合,制备了粒径窄分布的纳米乳胶粒子。研究了微乳液聚合的引发方式、单体配比和单体加入方式对聚合反应、乳胶粒子粒径及其分布的影响,分析了界面引发微乳液聚合的机制。     

TEM研究苯乙烯微乳液聚合机理

用透射电镜(TEM)对苯乙烯(St)/十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)/正戊醇/水的O/W微乳液体系在反应前、聚合过程中和反应结束后等不同时间里进行观察,并测定苯乙烯微乳液聚合前后粒径的大小,根据粒径大小的变化研究苯乙烯微乳液聚合成核机理,发现其成核位置主要是在胶束和单体微珠滴里。此外,还发现SDS/St的质量比越大,相对分子质量越低。     

Microemulsion Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylat

The microemulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate was studied. The effects of feeding modes on the structure and the properties of the obtained polymer microlatex were investigated by measuring the conversion, the transmittance and the refractive index of the latex, and by measuring the particle size, the molecular weight and the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymers. The results show that compared to the batch feeding mode, the semi-continuous feeding mode is more favorable to form a PMMA microlatex with a higher transmittance, a smaller particle size, a higher molecular weight and a higher Tg. And the obtained PMMA microlatex has a 30 %-40 % (mass fraction) polymer content, a 0.03 emulsifier/water weight ratio, a 0.05emulsifier/monomer weight ratio and a 17 nm average particle diameter, which is very important for the industrialization of the microemulsion polymerization technique.     

Microemulsion polymerization of acrylamide and styrene: Effect of the structures of reaction media

Isothermal phase diagrams of the system cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)/n‐butanol/n‐octane/water were constructed, and the effect of the oil (n‐octane) contents on the microemulsions was studied at 40 °C. We determined the microemulsion structures of two systems, CTAB/n‐butanol/10% n‐octane/water and sodium dodecyl sulfonate (As)/n‐butanol/20% styrene/water, by conductivity measurements to investigate the polymerization of acrylamide and styrene in the two microemulsion systems. The polymerization kinetics of the water‐soluble monomer acrylamide in CTAB micelles and the different CTAB/n‐butanol/10% n‐octane/water microemulsion media [water‐in‐oil (W/O), bicontinuous (BC), and oil‐in‐water (O/W)] were studied with water‐soluble sodium bisulfite as the initiator. The maximum polymerization rate in CTAB micelles was found at the second critical micelle concentration. A mechanism of polyacrylamide formation and growth was proposed. A connection between the structures of the microemulsions and the polymerization rates was observed; the maximum polymerization rate occurred at two transition points, from W/O to BC and from BC to O/W, and the polyacrylamide molecular weights, which depended on the structures of the microemulsions, were also found. A square‐root dependence of the polymerization rates on the initiator concentrations was obtained in CTAB micelles and O/W microemulsion media. The polymerization of the oil‐soluble monomer styrene in different As/n‐butanol/20% styrene/water microemulsion media (W/O, BC, and O/W) was also investigated with different initiators: water‐soluble potassium persulfate and oil‐soluble azobisisobutyronitrile. A similar connection between the structures of the microemulsions and the conversions of styrene in CTAB/n‐butanol/10% n‐octane/water for the polymerization of acrylamide was observed again. The structures of the microemulsions had an important role in the molecular weights and sizes of polystyrene. The polystyrene particles were 10–20 nm in diameter in BC microemulsion media and 30–60 nm in diameter in O/W microemulsion media according to transmission electron microscopy. We determined the solubilization site of styrene in O/W microemulsion drops by ¹H NMR spectra to analyze the results of the microemulsion polymerization of styrene. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 39: 3320–3334, 2001