利用三级质谱与二级质谱匹配策略鉴定丹参中酚酸类成分

多级质谱信息(MS/MS information)可提供鉴定化合物结构的关键线索,多级质谱(MS/MS)图谱到结构的转换(MS/MS spectrum to structure)是精准鉴定化合物结构的重要过程。本研究提出了化合物的三级质谱(MS³)图谱与其结构单元的二级质谱(MS²)图谱匹配策略,实现了化合物结构的精准鉴定。首先,利用三重四极杆复合线性离子阱质谱仪(Qtrap-MS)的双碰撞池,采集酯类化合物酯基质谱裂解产生的特征碎片离子(c^–和y^–)在线性离子阱(LIT)内经第二次碰撞诱导解离(Collision-induced dissociation, CID)后的MS³图谱,并同步采集其结构单元化合物([M–H]^–)在LIT中经碰撞诱导解离后的MS²图谱,结果表明,酯类化合物特征碎片离子的MS³图谱与结构单元化合物的MS²图谱匹配。最后,采用HR-MS/MS对丹参总酚酸(Total ...     

用高分辨质谱研究二茂铁类化合物

研究了八种N－二茂铁甲基苯胺衍生物的电子电离质谱（EI－MS），并与快原子轰击质谱（FAB－MS）作了比较，讨论了这些化合物的质谱特征。通过精确质量测量，确认了M^ -2 OH离子，并采用碰撞诱导裂解（CID）探讨了化合物质谱中主要离子间的关系。     

尿苷5′-位磷酰胺的合成及电喷雾电离质谱研究

以三氯氧磷为磷酰化试剂,与尿嘧啶核苷反应,将所得中间产物尿苷磷酰二氯进行胺解,生成具有抗病毒活性的尿苷磷酰胺化合物,目标化合物结构通过核磁确认,并用电喷雾电离串联质谱(ESI MS/MS)仪检测产物,研究了此类化合物的质谱裂解规律,发现了1个类似环磷腺苷的环状裂解碎片,该结果得到密度泛函理论的支持,对尿苷含磷衍生物质谱裂解数据库是一个重要的补充.     

新型含氟液晶类化合物的质谱研究

本文报道66个新型含氟液晶类化合物的电子轰击电离质谱(EIMS). 66个化合物分为三个类型, 即炔醚类, 炔酯类和炔类. 并利用MS/MS联用技术和高分辨质谱(HRMS)数据研究了三种不同类型化合物的裂解机理, 并总结其规律性, 结果将有助于未知的类似化合物的结构鉴定 .     

超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱定性研究茶叶籽中的酚类化合物

采用超高效液相色谱(UHPLC)-四极杆-飞行时间质谱(Q-TOF/MS)技术定性分析茶叶籽中的酚类化合物。茶叶籽样品经乙醇水溶液提取后经反相色谱分离,通过Q-TOF/MS进行化合物的鉴定。基于山茶属及相关植物化学组成的文献,建立了一个含有106种酚类化合物的数据库。对UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS采集得到的一级质谱数据进行数据库检索,然后对检索到的化合物色谱峰进行二级质谱扫描,根据得到的碎片离子推断化合物的结构。初步推断出茶叶籽提取物中的24种酚类化合物,包括13种酚酸类、4种儿茶素类和7种黄酮类化合物,并通过与标准品比对,进一步确证了这些化合物。结果表明UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS技术可以用于对茶叶籽中酚类化合物进行快速、准确、可靠的定性分析,促进新化合物的发现与鉴别。     

气相色谱-飞行时间质谱在化合物鉴定方面的应用与进展

色质联用技术已成为现代化学分析的重要工具。气相色谱串联飞行时间质谱(GC-TOF MS)的应用,将色质联用技术的发展带入快速检测样品和复杂基质分析领域,被认定为最具市场潜力的气相色谱与质谱联用仪器[1]。本文简要概述了近十年GC-TOF MS在化合物鉴定方面的相关应用并对其发展进行了展望。基于飞行时间质谱的高分辨能力、高采集速率、精确质量全谱采集等特点,该技术已广泛应用与环境监测,食品安全,生物医药等领域中复杂基质分析。随着仪器的发展,GC-TOF MS将在目标化合物与未知化合物的可靠鉴定方面发挥更大的作用     

七叶一枝花中薯蓣皂苷的分离及结构鉴定研究

本文利用高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用方法研究了七叶一枝花中的薯蓣皂苷。实验采用高效液相色谱分离了七叶一枝花中的3种薯蓣皂苷;通过与电喷雾质谱联用获得了这几种化合物的分子量信息;再用MS/MS获得了这几种化合物进一步的结构信息。采用此方法可快速分析鉴定从七叶一枝花中分离得到的薯蓣皂苷。     

基体辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱和热裂解色谱/质谱研究聚酯型聚氨酯链结构

聚酯型聚氨酯样品用基体辅助激光裂解离子化质谱(MALDI-TOF/MS)和热裂解色谱质谱(PYGC/MS)方法进行了鉴定,PYGV/MS方法可检出PU的一些组成单元的化学结构,但PYGC/MS中大多数的峰,无法从常规的标准化合物的质谱数据库中检索到,而MALDI-MS方法,可明确测出PU试样各种单元的组合、聚合度及PU长链的序列分布,质量数范围可达2300.     

葛花中异黄酮类化学成分的RRLC-Q-TOF MS/MS研究

采用快速分离液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱联用(RRLC-Q-TOF MS/MS)技术对葛花中的异黄酮类成分进行了研究, 得到了相应化合物的保留时间、 分子量及结构信息. 研究结果表明, 葛花水提取液的主要成分为异黄酮类及其苷类化合物, 并含有皂苷类和酚类化合物. 在葛花中首次发现同属植物狐尾葛特有化合物Alopecuroides A和葛根中的化合物3'-甲氧基大豆苷元-7-O-甲醚. 讨论了异黄酮类化合物的质谱碎裂途径及规律.     

富硒堇叶碎米荠中硒化合物的形态分析与鉴定

该文以富硒堇叶碎米荠为研究对象,通过酶解法提取其中的硒化合物,采用高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子质谱(HPLC-ICP-MS)定量分析已知的硒化合物;对于未知的硒化合物,将酶解液经3 kDa超滤离心管浓缩除杂、冻干后,用初始流动相复溶,选取Kinetex F5超高效液相五氟苯基柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,2.6μm),以0.1%(体积分数)甲酸-水溶液和0.1%(体积分数)甲酸-乙腈溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,通过超高效液相色谱-电喷雾电离源高分辨串联质谱(UPLC-ESI-Triple TOF MS),利用硒独特的同位素模式、一级质谱(TOF MS)和二级质谱(TOF MS/MS)进行筛选与鉴定。结果表明:HPLC-ICP-MS定量分析了堇叶碎米荠中的5种硒化合物,分别为硒代胱氨酸(SeCys₂)、甲基硒代半胱氨酸(MeSeCys)、硒代蛋氨酸(SeMet)、四价硒[Se(Ⅳ)]、六价硒[Se(Ⅵ)];UPLC-ESI-Triple TOF MS鉴定了其他15种硒化合物,包括7种已报道和8种未报道的硒化合物,并提出了C₄H₇NO₂Se、C₅H₈O₂Se和C₇H₉NO₂Se 3种未报道硒化合物的结构。     

Ethanol loading in an inductively coupled plasma

Changes to the fundamental and analytical parameters of a plasma have been investigated when ethanol has been added to aqueous or organic solutions. Excitation temperature, electron number density, and intensity of the H(alpha) line increased when ethanol has been added to aqueous solutions, while an electron density decrease and signal reduction have been found when ethanol has been added to xylene. The sensitivity has been improved for all ethanol concentrations when water has been the solvent, but the reverse has been found for xylene solutions.     

Polymers from 12-hydroxymethyltetrahydroabietic acid and its vinyl and acrylate esters

12-Hydroxymethyltetrahydroabietic acid has been homopolymerized by melt condensation and homopolyester has been obtained. Vinyl 12-hydroxymethyltetrahydroabietate has been prepared from 12-hydroxymethyltetrahydroabietic acid by vinyl interchange procedure with vinyl acetate, and has been homopolymerized, copolymerized with vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, and terpolymerized with styrene and acrylonitrile. The acrylate ester of 12-hydroxymethyltetrahydroabietic acid also has been prepared from 12-hydroxymethyltetrahydroabietic acid and acrylyl chloride. The acrylate thus obtained has been homopolymerized and copolymerized with vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate. Polymers thus obtained have been characterized.     

Ethanol loading in an inductively coupled plasma

Changes to the fundamental and analytical parameters of a plasma have been investigated when ethanol has been added to aqueous or organic solutions. Excitation temperature, electron number density, and intensity of the H line increased when ethanol has been added to aqueous solutions, while an electron density decrease and signal reduction have been found when ethanol has been added to xylene. The sensitivity has been improved for all ethanol concentrations when water has been the solvent, but the reverse has been found for xylene solutions.     

Electron microtomography: A new method for studying the spatial structure of catalysts

The spatial arrangement of active component (Pt) particles on the surface of a support (Sibunit globule) has been studied by bright-field electron tomography. A tomographic attachment for a standard specimen holder and tomographic grids have been designed. The tomographic procedure has been refined, and adequate tilt series alignment and tomographic reconstruction algorithms have been chosen. The 3D distribution of the active component in the catalyst grain has been studied: particles hidden in micropores have been directly observed, and the size of the pores connecting internal cavities with the exterior has been estimated.     

Electrokinetic studies on a thorium oxide membrane : I. Electroosmosis and electrophoresis

Electroosmotic transport of dimethyl formamide through a thorium oxide plug membrahe has been studied and the data have been analysed from the standpoint of thermodynamics of irreversible processes. Electroosmotic flow and eleetroosmotic pressure have been found to be nonlinearly dependent on the applied potential difference. Various phenomenological coefficients have been evaluated from the nonlinear transport equation. Onsager's reciprocity relation has been verified by measurements of streaming potentials. The electrophoretic velocity of thorium oxide particles dispersed in dimethyl formamide has also been found to be nonlinear. Zeta potentials have been evaluated from electroosmotic and electrophoretic data. The results have been explained on the basis of the change in the structure of the electrical double layer. The degree of coupling and the efficiency of electrokinetic energy conversion have been calculated for both electroosmosis and streaming potential.     

Overpressured thin-layer chromatography

The properties, apparatus and applications of overpressured thin-layer chromatography (OPTLC) have been reviewed. In the Introduction planar chromatography has been briefly characterized, with particular attention to TLC. The general properties of OPTLC and methods of development of chromatograms in this technique have been then given. The construction of chambers and equipment for OPTLC has been described, paying attention to two-dimensional columns. The properties of chambers for OPTLC have been characterized considering the flow of eluent, sorbent-eluent interactions and the efficiency of various systems. OPTLC, TLC and HPTLC have been compared and also a comparison between OPTLC with a constant (linear) eluent flow-rate and with a decreasing eluent flow-rate has been made. Analytical applications of OPTLC have been described and examples of separations of mixtures have been given.     

Facile synthesis methodology and characterization studies of silica-decorated hybridized anisotropic nanotubes and nanosheets

Carbonaceous nanomaterials and their derivatives have been inspired tremendous enthusiasm in the scientific community. They have been excogitated as the encouraging attributes and the qualified dispersed phase to develop multi-functional composites. Particularly, graphene and carbon nanotube (anisotropic fillers) have gained substantial research interest owing to their promising characteristics. This highlights an innovative technique to synthesize hybridized nanotube and nanosheet. Initially, parent materials have been synthesized: The pristine CNT has been modified by acid mixture solution, and reduced graphene oxide has been prepared by chemical reduction method. Henceforth, the self-assembly in situ sol–gel technique has been endorsed here. The synthesized nanohybrids have been characterized by different spectroscopic techniques: FTIR, Raman, UV, and XPS to confirm the attachment of multifunctionalities; meanwhile, the composition and stability have been investigated from XRD and TGA plots. The magnitude of surface charge and particle size distribution have been evaluated for the parent and hybridized products; further, morphology of all the samples has been authenticated from FESEM and TEM.     

Chiral cyclohexane based fluorescent chemosensors for enantiomeric discrimination of aspartate

Some new chiral cyclohexyl based fluorescent anion receptors have been synthesized and their absolute configuration has been determined by using circular dichroism (CD). Complexation experiments have been carried out with several dicarboxylates, and stoichiometries and complexation constants for the corresponding complexes have been determined. The chiral discrimination ability of these ligands for chiral dicarboxylates has been studied and the best results have been obtained with TMA aspartate.     

Phase structure of silanol-modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers

For (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer)-tetraethoxysilane and (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer)-polydimethylsiloxane systems, the solubility of components has been studied in a wide range of temperatures and compositions. Phase diagrams have been constructed, pair interaction parameters have been calculated, and diffusion coefficients and activation energies of diffusion have been estimated. The temperature and concentration ranges of a change in solubility related to chemical interactions between the components have been revealed, and the structure of the modified copolymers has been studied. On the basis of the kinetic data on the movement of isoconcentration planes in diffusion zones of component mixing, time intervals corresponding to the onset of the chemical reaction between the components have been determined and the apparent activation energies of the process have been computed. Complex-shaped binodal and boundary curves have been interpreted within the framework of the classical Flory-Huggins theory.     

Structural defects in poly(vinylchloride)—III. Degradation of vinyl chloride-phenylacetylene copolymers in solution

Vinylchloride-phenylacetylene copolymers have been prepared and characterized. A known amount of defined defect sites, viz. double bonds, has been introduced into the main chain of the polymer. Thermal degradation behaviour of the copolymers has been studied in trichlorobenzene solution. A strong dependence of the kinetics of dehydrochlorination and polyene formation on the defect concentration has been found. Rate constants and activation parameters have been determined. The effects of different structures have been compared.