固相萃取净化结合液相色谱-串联质谱法测定禽蛋中5种阿维菌素类化合物

建立了同时测定禽蛋中（鸡蛋、鸭蛋和鹅蛋）阿维菌素、伊维菌素、多拉菌素、乙酰氨基阿维菌素、莫西菌素等药物残留的液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）。禽蛋样品采用1%甲酸乙腈溶液提取并盐析分层,上清液经Oasis PRiME HLB小柱净化。以0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液和含10 mmol/L乙酸铵的0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相,采用ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈色谱柱进行分离,质谱法在正离子模式下检测,外标法定量。结果表明5种目标物在0.1～250μg/L范围内呈现良好的线性,相关系数（R²）>0.99。莫西菌素在禽蛋中的定量限（LOQ）为1.0μg/kg,其他药物定量限为0.5μg/kg,回收率79%～108%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.2%～9.3%。同时发现,质谱气帘气压力是影响阿维菌素类药物灵敏度的关键因素。该方法能够满足禽蛋中5种阿维菌素类药物同时检测的要求。     

超高效液相色谱-电喷雾电离串联质谱联用法检测茶叶中阿维菌素类药物残留

建立了采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾电离串联质谱同时检测茶叶中爱比菌素、甲胺基阿维菌素、乙酰胺基阿维菌素、伊维菌素、多拉菌素、莫西丁克残留的方法。试样经饱和氯化钠溶液浸润后,用乙腈提取,C18固相萃取小柱净化,超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法(UPLC/ESI-MS/MS)测定。对流动相、监测离子、校正曲线等进行了优化和探讨。6种分析物在2.0～50 μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.9920。莫西丁克在5,10,20 μg/kg,其余分析物在2,5,10 μg/kg加标水平的平均回收率为61.7%～85.4%,相对标准偏差为9.37%～17.19%。该方法可靠、稳定,可满足茶叶中阿维菌素类药物残留检测与确证的需要。     

动物源性食品中阿维菌素类药物残留的QuEChERS-液质联用法测定

建立了动物源性食品中阿维菌素、伊维菌素、多拉菌素、莫西菌素、埃普菌素、乙酰胺基阿维菌素6种阿维菌素类药物残留的高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法.样品采用乙腈提取,C18粉分散固相萃取净化,经ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18(1.8 μm,2.1 mm×50 mm)色谱柱分离,电喷雾串联四极杆质谱在多反应离子监测方式下同时测定.6种分析物在0.002 ～0.1 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均不低于0.991,方法的检出限(S/N≥3)为0.001 ～0.002 mg/kg;定量下限(S/N≥10)为0.002 ～0.005 mg/kg.猪肉基质中莫西菌素在0.005、0.01、0.02 mg/kg,其他化合物在0.002、0.005、0.01 mg/kg加标水平下,6种阿维菌素类药物的回收率为75% ～88%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为11.7% ～15.0%.该方法稳定、可靠,可满足动物源性食品中阿维菌素类药物残留检测与确证的需要.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定猪肉中的阿维菌素类、地克珠利、妥曲珠利及其代谢物残留

建立了猪肉中阿维菌素、伊维菌素、多拉菌素、莫西菌素、乙酰氨基阿维菌素等5种阿维菌素类药物以及地克珠利、妥曲珠利、妥曲珠利砜、妥曲珠利亚砜等4种均三嗪类药物及其代谢物残留的高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。样品采用乙腈提取,ODS粉分散固相萃取净化,经Venusil ASB C18色谱柱(150 mm×2.1 mm, 3.0 μm)分离,电喷雾串联四极杆质谱多反应离子监测方式测定。9种分析物在0.005～0.2 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.990。猪肉基质中9种分析物在0.005、0.01、0.02 mg/kg加标水平下,回收率为73.2%～91.5%,相对标准偏差为12%～17%。该方法稳定、可靠,可满足猪肉中阿维菌素类、均三嗪类药物残留的检测与确证。     

液相色谱-质谱法测定饲料中阿维菌素类药物

建立了饲料中阿维菌素类药物(阿维菌素、多拉菌素、埃普菌素和伊维菌素)液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS)检测法. 用乙腈提取样品中的药物, 加水稀释, 加三乙胺调节pH, 经C18固相萃取柱净化, LC-MS法测定. 结果表明, 方法平均回收率为91.3%～99.8%, RSD为2.9%～15% (n=4), 配合饲料、浓缩饲料和预混合饲料中的检出限均为10 μg/kg; 定量限均为20 μg/kg. 方法可用于饲料样品中阿维菌素类药物残留量的确证检测.     

在线固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定动物源食品中阿维菌素和伊维菌素的残留量

利用在线固相萃取系统,通过萃取柱的选择和在线洗脱条件的优化,建立了测定动物源食品中阿维菌素和伊维菌素残留量的在线固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法。2.50g样品经5mL乙腈和5mL的0.15%(体积分数)三乙胺溶液提取,采用HySphere C_(18) HD固相萃取柱对提取液进行在线净化。分析物经ZORBAX SB-C_(18)色谱柱(2.1mm×15mm,1.8μm)分离,采用乙腈和含0.2%(体积分数)甲酸的10mmol·L~(-1)乙酸铵溶液进行梯度洗脱。质谱分析采用电喷雾正离子源和多反应监测模式。阿维菌素和伊维菌素的质量浓度在10μg·L~(-1)内与峰面积呈线性关系,测定下限(10S/N)均为5.0μg·kg~(-1)。在猪肉、牛肉和香肠样品中进行加标回收试验,阿维菌素和伊维菌素的加标回收率在74.8%~96.5%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)不大于11%。     

猪肉组织中阿维菌素类药物残留的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定

建立了以高效液相色谱-串联质谱同时检测猪肉中阿维菌素、多拉菌素及伊维菌素3种大环内酯类药物残留的分析方法.样品用乙腈提取,经C18柱净化后,高效液相色谱等度分离,采用多反应监测模式,对3种药物在猪肉组织中的残留同时进行定性、定量分析.3种药物在5 ～250 μg/L范围内线性良好(r0.999),在5、10、20 μg/kg添加水平下,3种药物的回收率在84% ～103%,相对标准偏差为1.4% ～12.9%.3种药物的检出限(S/N=3)均达0.5 μg/kg.     

超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法测定焙烤食品及其原料中11种真菌毒素

建立了超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UPLC-HRMS)测定焙烤食品及其原料中11种真菌毒素的检测分析方法。样品经20 mL含1%(体积分数)甲酸的乙腈-水(9∶1,v/v)溶液提取,经2.0 g无水硫酸、0.5 g氯化钠和300 mg C18盐析、净化后进行检测。采用CORTECS C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.6μm),以含0.1%(体积分数)甲酸的2 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液和含0.1%(体积分数)甲酸的2 mmol/L乙酸铵甲醇溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱。结果显示,11种真菌毒素在各自的质量浓度范围内线性关系良好(相关系数r2≥0.996 0),方法的定量限为0.15~20.00μg/kg,样品加标回收率为64.38%~122.61%,相对标准偏差为1.52%~12.99%(n=6)。该方法简单快速、灵敏度高、结果准确、可靠,利用该方法可有效测定焙烤食品及其原料中常见真菌毒素的含量。     

QuEChERS-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定罗汉果中55种杀菌剂

建立了广西名优特产罗汉果中55种杀菌剂残留的QuEChERS-高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。试样经1%(v/v)醋酸乙腈提取后,加入无水硫酸镁脱水,并使用无水硫酸钠、N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)和C18进行净化。采用均含有0.005 mol/L甲酸铵及0.01%(v/v)甲酸的95%(v/v)乙腈水溶液和水作为流动相中的有机相和水相进行梯度洗脱,在电喷雾离子源正离子模式(ESI+)下采用动态多反应监测(DMRM)进行扫描,基质匹配外标法定量。55种杀菌剂在1.0~100.0μg/kg范围内线性相关性良好,相关系数(R~2)0.99;方法的检出限(S/N3)为1.0μg/kg,定量限(S/N10)为10.0μg/kg;加标(10.0μg/kg)回收率为76.96%~118.45%,相对标准偏差为3.44%~19.63%(n=6)。该法快速、准确、灵敏,适合高通量检测罗汉果中的杀菌剂残留。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定水产品中19种喹诺酮类药物残留

应用PRiME HLB净化技术,采用超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱(UPLC-MS/MS),建立了水产品中19种喹诺酮类药物残留的检测方法。对样品的净化、浓缩、液相色谱分离及串联质谱等相关检测参数进行了优化。样品经80%乙腈水溶液提取,PRiME HLB固相萃取柱净化,在ACQUITY BEH C_(18)色谱柱(1.7μm,2.1 mm×100 mm)上以甲醇和5 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液(含0.1%甲酸)为流动相梯度洗脱,液相色谱-串联质谱MRM方式进行定量分析。结果表明:各组分在各自浓度范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为72.1%~119.9%,相对标准偏差为2.4%~15.6%,检出限均为0.5μg/kg,定量下限均为1.5μg/kg。该方法用于水产品中喹诺酮类药物残留的检测,具有准确、快速、简便、灵敏度高等优点,为水产品中喹诺酮类药物残留的测定提供了新途径。     

Multiresidue analysis of avermectins in bovine liver by immunoaffinity column cleanup procedure and liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector

A multiresidue liquid chromatography (LC) method was developed to detect avermectin, ivermectin, doramectin, and eprinomectin simultaneously in bovine liver. The extracted samples were cleaned up by an immunoaffinity column, which was prepared by coupling anti-avermectin polyclonal antibody with CNBr-activated Sepharose 4B. The dynamic column capacities of avermectin, ivermectin, doramectin, and eprinomectin were 3531, 3542, 3543, and 3284 nglmL gel, respectively. The eluate was evaporated to dryness, and residues were derivatized and determined by LC with fluorescence detector set at 365 nm excitation and 465 nm emission wavelengths. Recoveries ranged from 79.3 to 115.9% with coefficients of variation of 1.1-19.4% when avermectin, ivermectin, doramectin, and eprinomectin were spiked at levels of 5-100 ng/g. The limit of quantitation of the method was 2 ng/g for each drug.     

Determination of abamectin, doramectin, emamectin, eprinomectin, ivermectin, and moxidectin in milk by liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass specrometry

The avermectin and milbemycin families of compounds are derived from naturally occurring yeasts. They have proven to be potent preventatives against a variety of pests such as insects and parasites. Only eprinomectin and moxidectin are currently approved for use on lactating cattle with tolerances in milk of 12 microg/kg for eprinomectin and 40 microg/kg for moxidectin. Detection of misuse or inadvertent contamination in milk requires a sensitive and definitive analytical method. A method has been developed for the determination of 5 avermectins and 1 milbemycin in milk using a simple liquid-liquid extraction and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) analysis. Ivermectin (IVR), doramectin (DOR), abamectin (ABA), eprinomectin (EPR), emamectin (EMA), and moxidectin (MOX) were extracted from whole milk by partitioning into acetonitrile with a subsequent solvent exchange into methanol-water. Simultaneous confirmation and quantification were achieved with LC separation, positive electrospray ionization (ESI+), and MS/MS. The limits of detection ranged from 16 pg/g (ppt) for EMA to 1.7 microg/g (ppb) for MOX.     

Confirmation of eprinomectin, moxidectin, abamectin, doramectin, and ivermectin in beef liver by liquid chromatography/positive ion atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry

A liquid chromatographic (LC) multiresidue screening procedure was developed for determination of eprinomectin, moxidectin, abamectin, doramectin, and ivermectin in beef liver at 0, 25, 50, and 100 ppb levels. A procedure using low resolution LC/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) mass spectrometry (MS) was developed with further purification steps added to the quantitative LC method to confirm residues. Acetonitrile extracts of liver, prior to derivatization for LC analysis, were further purified by using a C8 solid-phase extraction cartridge and an alumina-B cartridge. The purified extract was analyzed by injection into an LC/positive ion APCI MS. Identity of the compound was confirmed by comparison of its retention time and relative intensity data with those of a standard or recovery from a fortified control liver sample. Anthelmintic drugs in acetonitrile extracts of liver containing eprinomectin, moxidectin, abamectin, doramectin, and ivermectin at 25 ppb, the lowest level of fortification used in the LC determinative method, were successfully confirmed.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定牛肉中18种食源性兴奋剂类药物残留

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UHPLC-MS/MS）检测牛肉中18种食源性兴奋剂类药物残留的方法。牛肉组织经酸化乙腈提取,Captiva小柱脱脂净化后,用无水硫酸镁干燥,上清液氮吹浓缩,残渣用甲醇-水（7：3,v/v）溶解。采用Agilent Zorbax Phenyl-Hexyl色谱柱分离,以5 mmol/L醋酸铵水溶液（含0.01%（v/v）醋酸）和甲醇-乙腈（7：3,v/v）作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在电喷雾正负离子切换模式下以多反应监测（MRM）方式检测,用基质匹配标准曲线外标法定量。结果表明,18种食源性兴奋剂类药物在0.10~50 μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数（R²）≥ 0.9950;在0.4、1.0和2.0 μg/kg添加水平下的回收率为57.3%~117.5%,相对标准偏差为3.1~15.6%（n=5）;方法的检出限和定量限分别为0.0006~0.0900 μg/kg和0.0020~0.3000 μg/kg。该法可以实现对牛肉样本中18种兴奋剂类药物残留的定性定量分析,具有简单、快速、准确性高的特点。     

Simultaneous determination of eprinomectin, moxidectin, abamectin, doramectin, and ivermectin in beef liver by LC with fluorescence detection

Eprinomectin, moxidectin, abamectin, doramectin, and ivermectin are drugs used to control parasitic infections in both meat-producing and nonmeat-producing animals. A number of analytical methods are available to analyze these anthelmintic drugs individually. A multiresidue screening method was developed for these drugs; however, the initial attempt to derivatize eprinomectin following the method published by Merck scientists was unsuccessful because the eprinomectin derivatization reaction was temperature- and time-dependent. The optimum time and temperature for the completion of eprinomectin derivatization were 90 min and 65 degrees C, respectively, without appreciable effect on the remaining 4 drugs. Beef liver samples were fortified with 0, 25, 50, and 100 ppb mixed standards of eprinomectin, moxidectin, abamectin, doramectin, and ivermectin. Each set of 4 levels of recoveries was repeated 10 times with all 5 compounds. The average of 10 recoveries of 5 compounds at all 4 levels of fortification was > 70%; the coefficient of variation was < 20%.     

分散固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定奶粉中7种非选择性环氧化酶抑制药物

建立并优化了使用分散固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（dSPE-UPLC-MS/MS）检测奶粉中7种非选择性环氧化酶（COX）抑制药物残留的方法。样品用0.01 mol/L pH 2.5抗坏血酸溶液-乙腈-乙酸乙酯（2：5：5，v/v/v）溶液提取后，加入无水硫酸钠、十八烷基键合硅胶吸附剂（C₁₈-N）及NH₂-丙基乙二胺吸附剂（NH₂-PSA）组成的盐包进行净化。以Waters CORTECS UPLC C₁₈（100 mm×2.1 mm，1.6 μm）色谱柱分离，流动相为0.1%（体积分数）甲酸水溶液和0.1%（体积分数）甲酸乙腈，配合多反应监测（MRM）模式定性定量分析水杨酸、布洛芬、双氯芬酸钠、吲哚美辛、吡罗昔康、萘普生和保泰松7种成分。结果表明：7种化合物线性相关性良好，相关系数（r²）≥ 0.9957。高、中、低3个水平下，加标回收率为76.4%~89.8%。定量限为2~5 μg/kg。该方法前处理简单，回收率高，重现性好，可作为奶粉中7种非选择性COX抑制药物残留的有效检测方法。     

Multiresidue analysis of avermectins in cattle liver by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

A simple multiresidue analysis method was developed for the confirmation and quantification of eprinomectin, abamectin, doramectin, and ivermectin in cattle liver. The target analytes were extracted with acetonitrile and cleaned up with C18 and C8 solid-phase extraction cartridges before analysis by liquid chromatography combined with positive ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. The residue mean recoveries of the 4 drugs were 64.16-99.53%. The limit of detection was 2.5 ng/g for eprinomectin, abamectin, doramectin, and ivermectin.