凝固-漂浮分散液液微萃取富集-分光光度法测定水中亚硝酸根

研究了凝固-漂浮分散液液微萃取（SFO-DLLME）-分光光度法测定水样中痕量亚硝酸根的方法。以1-十二醇为萃取剂,乙醇为分散剂进行分散液液微萃取,离心后通过冷冻凝固操作使漂浮的萃取剂和水相分离。最佳实验条件下,方法的线性范围为2.0-280μg/L（r=0.999 9）,检出限为0.34μg/L。方法已成功应用于环境水样分析,相对标准偏差在2.4%-3.3%,加标回收率在98.2%-102.4%。     

分散液液微萃取-气相色谱法测定水样中甲拌磷农药

建立了基于分散液液微萃取(DLLME)的新型样品前处理方法,并采用气相色谱/氢火焰离子化检测器对水样中痕量的甲拌磷农药进行了测定。考察了影响分散液液微萃取的因素包括萃取溶剂、分散剂、样品体积、萃取温度和离心速度等。在最佳实验条件下,对甲拌磷的富集倍数达到300倍;检出限为0.001μL/L;方法的线性范围为0.01~10μL/L,R2为0.9986;相对标准偏差为6.65%;回收率为104%。将分散液液微萃取法与单滴液相微萃取和离子液体-液相微萃取方法进行了对比,结果表明,分散液液微萃取技术具有操作简单、快捷(前处理时间小于5 min)、富集效果好、回收率高等优点。同时预言,将离子液体与分散液液微萃取结合,将会产生更加满意的结果。     

离子液体-分散液液微萃取-比色法测定水样中痕量铁

建立了基于分散液液微萃取(DLLME)-数字成像比色(DIC)法测定水样中Fe的方法。在乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液中,Fe(Ⅲ)被盐酸羟胺还原成Fe(Ⅱ)后与邻菲罗啉作用生成橙红色络合物。以离子液体[C6M IM][PF6]为萃取剂,乙腈为分散剂,采用涡旋辅助的分散液液微萃取方法对该络合物进行萃取和富集后,直接通过手机比色装置对Fe进行测定。优化了手机比色装置参数和分散液液微萃取的萃取剂种类及用量、分散剂种类及用量等条件。结果表明,在最佳条件下,方法的线性范围为24～200μg/L,相关系数(r~2)为0.9973,检出限为3μg/L,加标回收率为90.0%～108.0%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.8%～1.8%。该方法可用于测定环境水样中痕量Fe。     

超声辅助萃取-分散液液微萃取/气相色谱法测定环境水样中六氯苯、林丹及硫丹

建立了超声辅助萃取(UAE)-分散液液微萃取(DLLME)/气相色谱法测定环境水样中六氯苯、林丹和硫丹,并对影响萃取和富集效率的因素进行了优化。在最优条件下,六氯苯、林丹及α-硫丹的线性范围为1.0~1 000μg/L,检出限分别为0.47、0.39及0.63μg/L;β-硫丹线性范围为5.0~1 000μg/L,检出限为2.44μg/L;相对标准偏差(RSDs)为8.3%~11.7%(n=7)。用该方法对环境水样中的六氯苯、林丹及硫丹进行了分析,自来水、灌溉水、湖水样的平加标回收率分别为94.2%~100.4%、89.4%~99.4%和69.6%~96.3%。     

分散液液微萃取-高效液相色谱串联质谱法快速测定水迁移相中甲醛

建立了分散液液微萃取-高效液相色谱串联质谱法快速测定轻纺消费品水迁移相中痕量甲醛的分析方法。水迁移相甲醛首先与2,4-二硝基苯肼(2,4-DNPH)衍生化反应生成甲醛-2,4-二硝基苯腙,优化的反应时间为15 min,2,4-DNPH浓度为5 mmol/L,HCl浓度为50 mmol/L;在分散液液微萃取过程中,以500μL乙腈为分散剂、50μL四氯乙烯为萃取剂瞬间完成衍生物的萃取富集后,进行HPLC-ESI-MS/MS分析,分析时间为3.5 min。水相中甲醛的检测线性范围为0.001~1 mg/L,线性相关系数(R2)为0.9987,检出限为0.25μg/L。平均加标回收率范围在82.8%~113.5%,相对标准偏差范围在2.1%~9.2%,平均富集倍数为120。方法已经应用于轻纺消费品水迁移相中甲醛含量的测定。     

分散液液微萃取-气相色谱法测定地表水中三氯苯

采用分散液液微萃取–气相色谱法测定地表水中3种三氯苯同分异构体。实验考察了萃取剂及其用量、分散剂及其用量对萃取效率的影响。实验结果表明,三氯苯3种同分异构体在质量浓度2.00～64.0μg/L范围内线性良好,测定结果的相对标准偏差均小于4%(n=7),平均加标回收率为94.1%～103.9%。该方法操作简便、快捷,有机试剂用量少,样品富集倍数高。三氯苯3种同分异构体的检出限分别为0.03,0.04,0.03μg/L,测量精密度和准确度能满足分析测度要求,适用于地表水中痕量三氯苯的测定。     

化学计量学优化-分散液液微萃取-荧光分析法测定食品接触物中双酚A的迁移量

建立了分散液液微萃取-荧光分析法测定双酚A的方法,并对塑料水杯和塑料袋中双酚A的迁移量进行测定。经Plackett-Burman设计筛选影响因素后,利用中心复合表面设计确定了最佳萃取条件。利用全因子设计确定荧光测定条件为:0.2 mol/L HCl,4×10-4mol/Lβ-环糊精。在水、10%乙醇条件下,方法线性范围1～50μg/L(r=0.999),检出限为0.53μg/L;在3%乙酸条件下,线性范围为1～60μg/L(r=0.997),检出限为0.85μg/L。方法回收率为95.4%～111.2%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为13%～16%。所测样品在室温水中双酚A迁移量低于检出限,在沸水、3%乙酸及10%乙醇中均有不同程度迁移。     

分散液液微萃取-气相色谱法测定水样中甲基环硅氧烷

将分散液液微萃取与气相色谱法技术相结合,建立了测定水样中3种甲基环硅氧烷残留的方法.重点探讨了萃取剂的种类和用量、分散剂的种类和用量、萃取时间及盐浓度等对样品萃取效率的影响.结果表明在优化条件下,待测物在5～100μg/L范围内线性良好(r＞0.99),检出限在2～4μg/L之间,富集倍数可达165～170倍,相对标准...     

分散液液微萃取-气相色谱/质谱法测定水中多环芳烃

用分散液液微萃取-气相色谱/质谱法测定水样中的16种多环芳烃(PAHs)。通过实验确定最佳萃取条件为:20μL四氯化碳作萃取剂,1.0 mL乙腈作分散剂,超声萃取1 min。在优化条件下,多环芳烃的富集倍数达到216～511,方法在0.05～50μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(R2)在0.9873～0.9983之间,检出限为0.0020～0.14μg/L。相对标准偏差(RSD)在3.82%～12.45%(n=6)之间。该方法成功用于实际水样中痕量多环芳烃的测定。     

分散液液微萃取-高效液相色谱法测定环境水样中2,4-二氯酚

建立了简便、快速、有效的分散液液微萃取-高效液相色谱法测定环境水样中2,4-二氯酚的分析方法。对萃取剂、分散剂的种类和体积、萃取时间、离心时间、盐浓度等影响萃取效率的因素进行了优化。方法的线性范围为1～500μg/L(r=0.9997),相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.8%(n=6),检出限为0.19μg/L。该法适用于环境水样中的痕量2,4-二氯酚的检测。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.