有机化学在线课程建设*——基于“激越四段式”全在线教学模式

基于“激越四段式”全在线教学模式,以超星泛雅网络学习平台为课程建设平台,开展有机化学在线课程建设。每个单元由思维导图、引导案例、单元知识点、小组任务、知识拓展、单元作业等6个部分组成,各微知识点配备电子教材、微课视频、教学内容与讨论、知识点测验等4个板块。该在线课程可以满足学生多样化、层次化的个体和团队的自学需求,着重训练学生自主学习和探究性学习的能力。     

LDI学生成绩评价方法的构建——以精细化学品化学课程为例

根据我院化工专业精细化学品化学课程改革的实际，围绕以评促学、以评助教，构建了LDI学生课程成绩评价方法。该方法以教师和学生为评价主体，从3个环节（理论学习、课内实验、创新实践）、4个维度（课前自学、课堂学习、课内实验与创新实践、期末考试）入手，将评价内容分为多个项目来引导学生学习、实践，并全面考核学生的知识与能力。该法不仅能提高学生学习的主动性，还能潜移默化地培养学生的创新意识和团队精神。     

结构化学课程教学中融入思政元素的探索

转变教学理念是提升教学水平的重要手段,是促进教学改革的有力途径。结合近些年来社区和学校对垃圾分类的宣传,将生态文明的理念和垃圾分类知识点有机嵌入到课程教学中。采取教师授课引导、学生自学探究、课下实践分组讨论、总结汇报等教学方式,形成以生态文明教育理念为核心思想,电化学课程知识内容为中心轴线,垃圾分类知识点为"羽翼"的课程结构设计。主要从生态文明的重要性、教学理念转变、课程实例、考核评价等方面来论述。     

翻转课堂模式在有机化学实验教学中的探索与实践

针对当前有机化学实验课程存在重讲授轻实验、重验证轻探究、重结果轻过程等弊端,学生积极性和主动性受抑制等问题,我们将翻转课堂模式应用于有机化学实验的教学中进行探索和实践。改变课前和课中学习方式,课前通过信息技术手段完成知识传授过程,课中师生研讨完成知识内化过程,将教学模式从"以教为主"转变为"以学为主",提高了学生的学习积极性、课堂参与度,培养了学生的自主学习、团队协作、表达交流等能力。我们发现翻转课堂模式下,学生在实验操作失败率、实验产物收率、实验报告质量、理论考试成绩等实验课程综合能力上获得提高,有机化学实验课程教学质量得到进一步提升。     

学科能力视域下的初中化学命题评价研究——以阶段性学业水平测试为例

化学学科能力是核心素养的重要组成部分,包括学习理解能力、应用实践能力和迁移创新能力.依据初中化学学科核心素养和关键能力的评价模型,对区域初中化学阶段性学业水平测试进行命题评价研究,分析统计了学科能力的占比、得分率以及与5大主题知识点的匹配情况,并从学科认识方式考查的角度对例题进行分析阐述.针对学生部分层级能力表现欠佳等...     

研究生高等有机化学双语教学课程体系改革与实践

针对双语教学特点及传统课堂灌输教学的不足,将研究生高等有机化学双语课程改革为课程教学、英语课堂讨论、翻转课堂、自学和习题训练、作业与考核5个环节相结合的教学体系。结合教学实践,着力训练学生自主学习、研究性学习、探究性学习的能力,着重考查学生对高等有机化学基本理论与方法的掌握与应用程度。在课程中营造数字化、信息化、国际化的教学环境,最终达到培育具有国际化视野、基础知识扎实、能力全面、创新素养好的人才的目的。     

多维课堂模式结合多示例导向在医用基础化学教学中的应用研究

概述了多维课堂教学模式及示例导向式的研究型教学设计在医科院校“医用基础化学”课程中胶体分散系章节的应用情况。于我校而言,该部分内容由于授课安排较早,概念性内容偏多,对初入大学还未有完善自主学习能力的学生具有一定难度。因此,教学组精心设计了与医学内容联系紧密、并含本章重要概念的多种示例,同时选取部分知识点邀请临床科室教师录制微课,在授课过程中优选时间节点向学生引入。结果显示,这种结合基础和临床方向、教师以线下和微课教学共同开展的多维课堂教学模式,有助于提高学生的学习兴趣和专注度,使其在有限的学时内掌握章节核心概念,为后续物化及无机方面内容的学习打牢基础。     

知识地图教学法在大学化学教学实践中的应用

为给学生呈现化学学科全貌，特在教学过程中进行了知识地图教学法的应用实践：精心准备绪论课内容；详细分析教材目录，让学生对课程内容、结构及学习方法有清晰的了解；授课过程中，注意剖析关键知识点之间的联系。使得学生对整个大学化学课程建立整体印象。在掌握关键知识点的同时，构建科学合理的知识体系，避免学生只见树木，不见森林。     

基于微信公众号-微知库平台二元互补的混合式教学模式*——以实验设计与数据处理课程为例

以微知库平台为基础,在课前、课中、课后引入微信公众号作为支撑和延伸,充分利用两者优点,针对充分颗粒化教学内容,灵活组合线上自学和线下教学形式,从而构建了微信公众号-微知库平台二元互补的混合式教学模式,并在高职轻工类专业课程“实验设计与数据处理”中实施。经历3届学生的教学实践,结果表明,该模式有效提升了学生学习积极性,教学效果良好,能为同类课程开展混合式教学改革提供参考。     

PBL-TBL-CBL教学法在医学基础化学课程中的应用

选取医学基础化学课程中的2个章节,组织PBL-TBL-CBL组和LBL组进行教学实验,通过成绩考核、教师评价和问卷调查进行教学效果评价,探讨PBL-TBL-CBL整合模式在医学基础化学课程中理论和实验教学上的应用。通过对比分析,证实PBL-TBL-CBL整合模式教学可以充分调动学生的积极主动性,增强自学和团队合作能力,提高实验操作技能,准确掌握教学大纲要求的知识点,提升学生对化学学习的乐趣和自信。建议对基础化学的部分章节采用PBL-TBL-CBL整合模式教学,同时结合LBL传统教学共同来完成大纲要求的教学任务。     

国产硅藻土吸附尿激酶机理的研究

在常温下, 尿激酶在浙江土和吉林土表面的吸附等温线分别为V型和II型; 焙烧后两者皆转为III型。吸附等温线类型与硅藻土表面结构、孔结构、表面ζ电位有关。在400℃焙烧的硅藻土等电点值最低, 吸附量最大; 改性后, 吸附量也发生改变。本文还测定了尿激酶在硅藻土表面的吸附形态, 其吸附等温线方程符合0/(1-0)=(Kc)^1/β, 并讨论了平衡常数K和尿激酶吸附功能链段数β随温度的变化。     

DFT Study on the Effect of Hydrogen-bond Formation on the Adsorption of Aminotriazines on Graphene

DFT calculations have been performed to explore the aminotriazine adsorption on graphene surfaces.Relative energies,equilibrium geometries and electronic structures of monomer and dimer of aminotriazine molecules adsorbed at the surface were investigated and analyzed in details.It was found that the hydrogen atoms in the NH2 group of aminotriazine molecules are directed toward the graphene surface,and the adsorption energy increases as the NH2 group is added.The adsorbed aminotriazine molecules facilely form a dimer through the hydrogen bonding interactions,and the two aromatic rings of optimized structure of 2-amino-1,3,5-triazine(B) dimmer(denoted by B2) and melamine(D) dimmer(denoted by D2) are parallel to the graphene sheet.The large deviation of the averaged adsorption energy of B2 and D2 compared to monor adsorption may reflect the increase of π-π repulsion and the effect of hydrogen bond formation.The electronic structure analyses reveal that the formation of hydrogen bonds in melamine dimer has great influence on the adsorption mode at the graphene surface.     

MCM-41表面氧化铜的分散研究

金属离子修饰的M41S介孔分子筛催化剂体系是当前多相催化剂研究的热点.虽然有关介孔分子筛金属离子修饰的方法有多种[1],但均存在着负载的金属粒子在载体表面负载量低或分散不均匀等缺点;采用本课题组的有机官能团化法[2]可以得到高分散度和高负载量的介孔分子筛负载金属氧化物     

Simulation Analysis on the Profiles of Droplets Wetting on the Substrates

To study the structural characteristics and physical properties of droplets sitting on the inclined substrates and cylindrical surfaces, wetting experiments are conducted in different cases. The profile curves of the droplets are recorded and extracted by a CCD camera and image processing, respectively. Contact angles are figured out by fitting the profile curves and taking the derivative at the front and rear triple points. Based on the experimental results, a Surface Evolver is employed to simulate the morphological changes by minimizing the total energy of the system. Furthermore, theoretical shapes and feature parameters, including the heights and the spreading distances of the droplets, which are hard to obtain by normal experimental measurements are provided. The contact-angle hysteresis when the heavy droplet sitting on the inclined substrate is discussed. Meanwhile, the evolutions of the contour of the three-phase contact line are predicted when heavy droplets spread on the convex and concave cylindrical surfaces, respectively. This study provides a finite-element analysis method to describe the surface properties of molten droplets on different substrates, and the simulation results agree well with the experimental results.     

Microcalorimetric investigations on the influence of propolis on the bacterium micrococcus luteus

Propolis or bee-glue is the third important product of honey bees after honey and wax. Known for thousands of years for its curative effects it is finding evermore attention in alternative and classical therapy in recent times against, e.g. infections, inflammations, dermatologic diseases and in wound healing.

Microcalorimetric experiments were performed on the influence of several propolis samples from Germany, Uruguay, Ethiopia and of a commercial propolis tincture on growth and metabolism of the recommended gram-positive bacterium Micrococcus luteus. Propolis extracts were prepared following established recipies for the water-soluble and insoluble components and the precipitate.

Addition of these extracts to a growing M. luteus culture in different growth phases resulted in a strong decline of the heat production rate, a prolongation of the lag phase or an introduction of a new, second lag phase, while the form of the calorimetric power-time curve remained unchanged. The calorimetric response showed a linear dependence on the propolis concentration. Although the quantitative gain of the extracts from the different propolis samples was nearly constant, the effects varied considerably between the specimens used.

The calorimetric investigations were supplemented by polarographic oxygen monitoring and by the standard agar well technique to determine the growth inhibition factor of the propolis extracts.     

关于变价态奎宁电极的研制与Ph对电极斜率影响的探讨

本文研究在两种质子化状态存在时奎宁的电极行为与特点,证明在不同pH溶液中变价态奎宁电极电位不能直接用能斯脱公式或Nicolsky-eisenman公式表出,提出了变价态电极的S-σ经验或,并依据此式,用奎宁选择性电极测出20℃下I=0.5McIlvaine缓冲液双质子化奎宁,辛可宁、硫胺的Ka1分别为(8.37±0.96)x10[-5],(8.00±0.92)x10[-5].(8.37±0.96)x10[-6].指出:同系列溶剂介电常数增大,液膜电极斜率增大,存在S-1/ε线性关系,电极可用于奎宁的电位滴定法或直接电位法测定。     

Quantum calculations on the adsorption of halide ions on the noble metals

The interaction of halide ions with the three noble metals has been investigated using the B3LYP density functional method and the cluster model approximation. The results of calculations for the M—X⁻ and M₁₂—X⁻ (M = Cu, Ag, Au; X = F, Cl, Br, I) systems are presented. At the (100) surface, modeled in the present work by the M₁₂ cluster, all halide ions have been found to adsorb preferentially at the hollow site, followed by the bridge and by the top positions. The adsorption energy has been found to decrease when going from fluoride to iodide in both atom—ion and cluster—ion cases. The opposite trend is observed for the estimates of the charge transfer from the ions to the surface. When different metals are compared, the M₁₂—X⁻ interaction energies decrease in the order Au > Ag > Cu, but for the smaller ions some deviations from this line do appear. The relative values of the calculated harmonic vibrational frequencies do agree with those found experimentally, but their magnitude is much smaller as a result of the effect of the lower surface coverage.     

基于分离粒子随机扩散理论的色谱模拟

为了对扩散分子的轨迹实施动态追踪与模拟, 深入理解分子扩散对色谱动力学的影响, 本文利用微尺度受限空间随机行走的模拟方法对色谱填充柱中的分子扩散过程进行了模拟. 重点考察了固定相的填充率、固定相的形状和柱长对色谱动力学行为的影响. 模拟结果表明短柱和大填充率具有较高的柱效; 在相同的密堆排列下, 固定相形状对分子扩散过程影响微弱; 待分离粒子的运动表现出微尺度空间限域的扩散特征, 但粒子的流动行为会随外部压力的增大而增加. 本论文提出的模拟方法对于发展高效能色谱, 开发新型分离技术等具有参考意义.