石化废水中常见有机酸的液相色谱分析

利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法同时检测石化废水中丙烯酸、对甲基苯磺酸、甲基丙烯酸。 水样调节pH=1.6,经0.45 μm醋酸纤维滤膜过滤后直接进行色谱分析。 色谱条件：流动相为体积比93∶7的磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH=3)和乙腈,流速1.0 mL/min,ZORBAX-SB-C18色谱柱,柱温30 ℃,MWD检测器,检测波长195 nm,进样量10 μL。 丙烯酸、对甲基苯磺酸、甲基丙烯酸的最低检出限分别为0.030、0.028和0.050 mg/L;样品测定的相对标准偏差分别为1.83%、0.69%和0.84%;样品加标回收率96%~112%。     

HP–FFAP毛细管柱气相色谱法测定空气中溶剂汽油

建立了毛细管柱气相色谱法测定空气中溶剂汽油的新方法。空气样品经采气袋采集,色谱柱为HP–FFAP毛细管柱,以氮气为载气,采用直接进样–气相色谱法测定空气中的溶剂汽油。在实验条件下,测定空气中溶剂汽油(以正己烷计),方法线性范围为0.015~1.0μg/m L,线性相关系数大于0.999,检出限为5×10–3μg/m L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为5.5%(n=15),气体标准物质测定结果的相对误差低于10%。该方法准确度较高,操作简便,可用于空气中溶剂汽油的测定。     

同位素稀释液相色谱-串联质谱法测定化妆品中残留的丙烯酰胺

建立了化妆品中丙烯酰胺残留的同位素稀释液相色谱-串联质谱的分析方法。水溶性化妆品样品以水为提取溶剂进行提取,提取液经高速离心处理后,上清液用Oasis HLB固相萃取柱净化;脂溶性化妆品样品以正己烷和水混合溶剂液-液分配萃取。经Waters Atlantis T3色谱柱(150 mm×2.1 mm,3 μm)分离后在多反应监测模式下进行串联质谱定性及定量分析,以13C3-丙烯酰胺为内标定量。方法的定量限为0.1 mg/kg,在0.1～1.0 mg/kg 3个添加水平范围内的平均回收率为87.7%～95.8%,日内测定精密度均小于10%,日间测定精密度均小于12%。该方法能够满足化妆品中丙烯酰胺残留的检测要求。     

HPLC法快速测定熟肉制品中10种食品添加剂

建立了熟肉制品中10种食品添加剂的高效液相色谱分析方法。以乙醇–氨水溶液为提取溶剂,样品经超声波辅助溶剂萃取法萃取后,以Atlantis d C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱为分离柱,20 mmol/L乙酸铵–甲醇为流动相进行分离测定。10种目标化合物的质量浓度在1.0~200.0 mg/L范围内与其峰面积线性关系良好(r0.999),在20.0,500.0,1 000.0 mg/kg的添加水平下,10种目标化合物的平均加标回收率为82%~104%,测定结果的相对标准偏差小于4.0%(n=6),方法的检出限为1.0~5.0 mg/kg(S/N=3)。该方法简单、快速、准确,适合于熟肉制品中食品添加剂的检测。     

静态顶空-气质联用法测定企业环境水中丙烯酸丁酯残留量

建立静态顶空-气相色谱-质谱联用（HS-GC-MS）测定水样中丙烯酸正丁酯残留量的方法.通过优化顶空进样过程中的平衡温度、平衡时间、盐离子浓度等前处理条件,确定连续测定水样中丙烯酸正丁酯含量的测试方法.水样中丙烯酸正丁酯在顶空平衡温度为50℃、盐离子的质量分数为30%、平衡15 min的条件下,经过毛细管色谱柱进行分离,采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪进行分析,以目标化合物的保留时间和选择离子进行定性,通过氘代乙苯作内标法定量.丙烯酸正丁酯在5~250 mg/L的质量浓度范围内相关系数r²为0.999 8,具有良好的线性关系,通过低、中、高（5、25、100 mg/L）不同质量浓度的加标试验,对方法进行质控,回收率在85.7%~94.6%之间,精密度（RSD）为1.81%~2.79%,方法检出限为0.109 mg/L.方法操作简便,灵敏度和准确度高,稳定性好,适用于水样中丙烯酸正丁酯的残留量测定.     

搅拌棒吸附萃取结合气相色谱/质谱/质谱法同时测定饮料和果酱中的7种防腐剂

建立了搅拌棒吸附萃取进行前处理,气相色谱-质谱/质谱法测定饮料和果酱中7种食品防腐剂的方法.饮料和果酱样品用pH=3的30% NaCl溶液稀释,使用搅拌棒进行吸附萃取,吸附在搅拌棒上的防腐剂在热解析单元进行热解析,在冷进样口进行捕集后通过程序升温进入气相色谱,使用串联质谱的多反应监测(MRM)同时检测饮料和果酱中的7种防腐剂(苯甲酸、山梨酸以及对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、对羟基苯甲酸异丙酯、对羟基苯甲酸异丁酯和对羟基苯甲酸庚酯).苯甲酸、山梨酸在40～400 mg/L浓度范围内,对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、对羟基苯甲酸异丙酯和对羟基苯甲酸异丁酯在4～40 mg/L浓度范围内,对羟基苯甲酸正庚酯在0.4～4 mg/L浓度范围内,各组分响应峰面积与其相应浓度呈良好相关性,r>0.99.苯甲酸和山梨酸的检出限分别为37和47 mg/L,对羟基苯甲酸酯类为0.62～6.67 mg/L.方法的回收率为84.0%～125.0%;精确度为3.0%～18.1%.本方法灵敏度高,能够同时快速检测饮料和果酱中7种防腐剂.     

气相色谱-质谱法检测塑料食品包装材料中的五种挥发性有机物

建立了使用气相色谱-质谱仪检测塑料食品包装材料中常见的5种挥发性有机物(苯、甲苯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、丁酮)的分析方法.实验中以欧盟标准EU 10/2011限定的4种模拟液为提取介质,二氯甲烷为有机萃取溶剂,对样品的前处理、色谱分离条件和质谱检测条件进行了优化.在最优化的实验条件下,这5种有机物能够完全分离,且在0.5~20.0mg/L浓度范围内线性较好,相关系数大于0.999 7,仪器精密度的相对标准偏差为1.08%~2.52%之间,样品在不同模拟液中的加标回收率介于81%~118%之间,最低检出限可达0.02 mg/m2.使用该方法测定了5种不同用途的塑料包装材料中的溶剂残留量,方法简便、快速、重现性好,完全能满足塑料包装材料中溶剂残留量的分析.     

液液萃取/高效液相色谱法测定豆干与腐竹中溶剂黄2及溶剂黄56

建立了液液萃取/高效液相色谱法测定豆干和腐竹中溶剂黄2和溶剂黄56的分析方法。样品经乙腈饱和的正己烷提取后,加入正己烷饱和的乙腈萃取,将乙腈层转入浓缩瓶内,重复萃取3次,将萃取液浓缩后用乙腈定容。采用Agilent TC-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱对样品进行分离;柱温为30℃;流动相为水-甲醇(20∶80);流速为1.0 m L/min;检测波长为410 nm。溶剂黄2和溶剂黄56在0.30~50 mg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好,其检出限(LOD)和定量下限(LOQ)分别均为0.15 mg/kg和0.50 mg/kg,方法的平均回收率为85.4%~94.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为0.3%~2.3%。该方法重复性好,灵敏度高,适用于豆干和腐竹中溶剂黄2和溶剂黄56含量的测定。     

气相色谱-质谱法同时测定化妆品中18种氯代烃类有机溶剂

建立了同时测定化妆品中18种氯代烃类有机溶剂的气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)检测方法。样品在饱和氯化钠溶液中由正十四烷振荡提取后,以Agilent J&W DB-624超高惰性毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm×1.4 μm)为分离色谱柱进行分析,以电子轰击(EI)源、SIM模式进行质谱监测,外标法定量。结果表明,18种化合物在19 min内完成色谱分离分析,检出限(LOD, S/N=3)和定量限(LOQ, S/N=10)分别为0.033~0.049 mg/L和0.10~0.15 mg/L, 18种氯代烃类有机溶剂在0.2~100 mg/L线性范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R²)均不小于0.9992。以阴性样品口红(固体)和漱口水(液体)为样品基质,在不同添加水平下,18种氯代烃类有机溶剂的平均回收率分别为92.4%~103.1%和93.3%~102.4%,相对标准偏差(RSD, n=6)分别为3.1%~5.3%和2.8%~5.4%。采用该方法对115个化妆品样品进行测定,3个指甲油样品均检测出四氯乙烯,测定值为11.4~42.0 g/kg。研究建立的方法采用高沸点溶剂作为进样溶剂,取消溶剂延迟时间,使只能在溶剂延迟时间出峰的化合物得到有效色谱分离,分析时间短,且重复性好,灵敏度高,可同时检测各种化妆品中多种氯代烃类有机溶剂。该方法的建立为我国化妆品中氯代烃类有机溶剂检测标准的制订和质量安全监控提供了参考。     

气相色谱法测定车间空气中2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸丁酯

 介绍了一种用气相色谱法测定车间空气中 2 ,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸丁酯质量浓度的方法。最低检出限为 5 0pg,测定范围为 5 0 μg/ m3～ 2 .5 mg/ m3。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.