流速/溶剂双梯度反相高效液相色谱法快速同时测定复方丹参片中7种有效成分

采用整体柱建立了流速/溶剂双梯度反相高效液相色谱法快速同时测定复方丹参片中三七皂苷R1,人参皂苷Rg1,Re,Rb1,Rd,Rb2及丹参酮ⅡA 7种有效成分。通过对溶剂和流速双梯度体系的逐步优化,并应用色谱模拟软件Dry Lab,得到分离7种成分的最佳色谱条件。采用色谱柱Merck Chromolith Performance RP-18e(100 mm×4.6 mm),以乙腈-水为流动相体系,流速/溶剂双梯度洗脱,柱温30℃;片剂中的7种成分在21 min内达到基线分离;Rg1在60.60~242.40 mg/L(r=0.999 0)、丹参酮ⅡA在16.52~66.08 mg/L(r=0.999 9),其余皂苷在30.70~142.66 mg/L(r≥0.999 4)范围内具有良好的线性关系;定量下限(S/N=10)为21~124μg/kg,回收率为96.7%~100.1%。该方法能在短时间内同时分离不同极性的化合物,提高被测物的柱效,减少半峰宽和拖尾,可应用于复方丹参片中7种成分的含量分析。     

GC-MS法测定木质食品接触材料中10种多氯苯酚

建立了气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)同时测定木质食品接触材料中10种多氯苯酚化合物含量的检测方法。样品中10种多氯苯酚化合物经甲醇萃取,提取液在K_2CO_3溶液环境中经乙酸酐乙酰化后以正己烷萃取,经DB-5MS型毛细管气相色谱柱分离,质谱定量。结果表明:10种多氯苯酚化合物含量在1.0~200μg/m L范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数R~20.9996;检出限均低于1.0 mg/kg;回收率为88.4%~103.6%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.1%~4.6%。方法能够满足对木质食品接触材料中10种多氯苯酚化合物的分析要求。     

超声提取–离子色谱法测定土壤易溶盐中的氯离子和硫酸根离子

采用超声提取的方式,以离子色谱法测定土壤易溶盐中的氯离子和硫酸根离子。对实验条件进行了优化,色谱柱为NJ–SA–4A柱(250 mm×2 mm),保护柱为SI–92G柱(50 mm×4 mm),淋洗液为1.8 mmol/L Na_2CO_3–1.7mmol/L NaHCO_3,流量为1.0 m L/min;在40℃下,对土壤样品提取10 min。Cl~–和SO_4~(2–)在检测范围内均线性良好,线性相关系数为0.999 8,加标回收率分别为95.0%~99.0%,96.0%~101.0%,测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为1.4%,1.0%(n=4)。与传统的方法相比,该法试剂用量少,操作简单,可用于土壤易溶盐样品的测定。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定洗涤产品中7种防腐剂

建立同时测定洗涤产品中4-氯-3-甲酚、双氯酚、苄氯酚、邻苯基苯酚、对氯间二甲苯酚、三氯生、三氯卡班7种防腐剂的高效液相色谱分析方法。不同基质的样品经甲醇涡旋混匀及超声提取后,用X–Bridge C18反相色谱柱(250mm×4.6 mm,5μm)进行分离,以甲醇–水为流动相,梯度洗脱,采用二极管阵列检测器(DAD)进行检测,检测波长为285 nm。在优化的实验条件下,7种防腐剂的质量浓度在0.2~500 mg/L范围内与其色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r2)均为0.999 9,方法的检出限(S/N=3)为1.0~2.5 mg/kg,定量限(S/N=10)为3.0~7.5 mg/kg。7.5,25.0,75.0 mg/kg 3水平加标回收率为92.1%~105.8%,相对标准偏差为0.8%~4.5%(n=6)。该方法简单、快速、准确,适用于洗涤产品中7种防腐剂的测定。     

离子色谱法测定土壤中氯离子、硫酸根离子、硝酸根离子

建立离子色谱法测定土壤中Cl~–,SO_4~(2–),NO_3~–3种阴离子的含量。淋洗液为30 mmol/L KOH溶液,等浓度淋洗,流速为1.0 mL/min。Cl~–,SO_4~(2–),NO_3~–的线性范围均为0~20 mg/L,线性相关系数均大于0.999 9,检出限为0.051~0.082 mg/L,混合标准溶液测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.31~0.38%(n=10)。对土壤样品进行重复测定,3种离子测定结果的相对标准偏差均小于3%(n=7),加标回收率在95.0%~104.5%之间。该方法测定结果准确,操作简单、快速,适用于土遗址中Cl~–,SO_4~(2–),NO_3~–的测定。     

离子色谱法测定浓磷酸中的Cl~–,SO_4~(2–),NO_3~–

采用离子色谱法测定浓磷酸中的Cl~–,SO_4~(2–),NO_3~–。将浓磷酸稀释至400倍体积,以0.22μm滤膜过滤,使用阴离子交换色谱–抑制电导检测器测定浓磷酸中的Cl~–,SO_4~(2–),NO_3~–。采用高容量色谱柱,以1.0 mmol/L Na_2CO_3–24 mmol/L Na OH混合液为流动相,将无机阴离子与浓磷酸基体分离,以标准加入法定量。氯离子、硝酸盐、硫酸盐的检出限为0.05~0.12 mg/L,加标回收率为96.6%~100.0%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为7.0%~10.0%(n=5)。该方法分离效果好,可用于浓磷酸中Cl~–,SO_4~(2–),NO_3~–的同时测定。     

气相色谱法测定驱蚊功效印刷品中3种功效化合物

建立了气相色谱–氢火焰离子技术测定功效印刷品中3种驱蚊成分的方法。样品用二氯甲烷进行超声提取,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯为内标,利用毛细管色谱柱HP–5(30 m×0.32 mm,0.25μm)分离,保留时间定性,内标法定量。结果表明,3种驱蚊功效物质色谱分离良好,在质量浓度0.1~1.0 mg/L范围内与色谱峰面积呈线性相关。方法定量限(10S/N)为1.25 mg/kg,样品加标回收率为97%~108%,测定结果的相对标准偏差不大于8.1%(n=6)。该方法快速、可靠、准确、简便,适用于驱蚊功效的印刷品中3种驱蚊功效类化合物的分析检测。     

HP–FFAP毛细管柱气相色谱法测定空气中溶剂汽油

建立了毛细管柱气相色谱法测定空气中溶剂汽油的新方法。空气样品经采气袋采集,色谱柱为HP–FFAP毛细管柱,以氮气为载气,采用直接进样–气相色谱法测定空气中的溶剂汽油。在实验条件下,测定空气中溶剂汽油(以正己烷计),方法线性范围为0.015~1.0μg/m L,线性相关系数大于0.999,检出限为5×10–3μg/m L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为5.5%(n=15),气体标准物质测定结果的相对误差低于10%。该方法准确度较高,操作简便,可用于空气中溶剂汽油的测定。     

HPLC法快速筛查抗风湿类中成药或保健食品中21种非法添加化学成分

基于亚3μm核壳填料色谱柱技术建立了高效液相色谱法快速筛查21种抗风湿类化合物。供试品以1%乙酸-甲醇为提取溶剂,经ACCHROM C18100A(4.6 mm×100 mm,2.8μm)分离,以磷酸水溶液(pH3.0)-甲醇-乙腈溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,检测波长为230 nm,流速1.0 m L/min,柱温35℃。该方法在20 min内可分离21种成分,各化合物的线性范围为5~100μg/m L(萘普生为1.5~30μg/m L),回收率为91.0%~109.1%。萘普生的检出限(S/N=3)为0.8 mg/kg,其余化合物的检出限为2.0 mg/kg。按上述方法对抽检样品进行检测,发现18批阳性样品,并采用液相色谱-质谱联用法进一步确证。该方法快速、准确,适用于抗风湿类中成药或保健食品中非法添加化学成分的快速筛查,具有广阔的应用前景。     

气相色谱法测定溶剂型涂料中环己酮含量

建立测定溶剂型涂料中环己酮含量的气相色谱(GC)检测方法。样品在乙酸乙酯中超声提取,以ZB–WAX毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25 μm)为分离色谱柱,加入十四烷作为内标物,氢火焰离子化检测器(FID)检测,内标法定量。结果表明,环己酮的质量浓度在10~250 mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.999 9。以阴性涂料样品为样品基质,加标平均回收率在92.5%~97.8%之间,测定结果的相对标准偏差在0.87%~1.77%(n=7)之间,方法检出限为13 mg/kg。采用该方法对15种溶剂型涂料样品进行测定,其中11种检出环己酮。该方法能使目标化合物得到有效分离,分析时间短,重复性好,灵敏度高,适用于溶剂型涂料中环己酮含量的快速测定。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.