手持式拉曼光谱仪结合双金属Au@AgNPs聚集体检测环境水中结晶紫

构建了一种基于手持式拉曼光谱仪,结合双金属银包金粒子(Au@AgNPs)聚集体的现场快速检测结晶紫的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)方法。首先制备了“核-壳”粒径分别约为30 nm和6 nm的双金属银包金粒子(Au@AgNPs),并以NaCl作为聚集剂,获得了具有SERS活性的Au@AgNPs聚集体。结合激发光源785 nm的手持式拉曼光谱仪,实现了结晶紫的快速检测。以结晶紫位于1621 cm^-1处的特征峰进行定量分析,方法检出限为8.20μg/L,对河水和湖水中结晶紫的加标回收率为71.0%～128.4%。本文所构建的方法可用于监测结晶紫的非法使用。     

自组装有序纳米银线表面增强拉曼光谱检测牛奶中三聚氰胺

制备具有表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)增强效果的基底是获得灵敏SERS检测的基础.本研究以多元醇法合成、流体流动法组装制备的有序纳米银线作为三聚氰胺的SERS增强基底,实现了样品中痕量三聚氰胺的快速灵敏检测.通过理论计算及实验考察得到了三聚氰胺的拉曼特征峰,优化了三聚氰胺在有序纳米银线基底上的SERS检测条件.在pH=8、水为溶剂、溶剂挥发时间为14 min的最佳条件下,三聚氰胺特征峰强度与浓度在0.05 ～ 1.00 mg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,其线性相关系数R=0.997,检测限为0.05 mg/L.在牛奶中添加不同浓度的三聚氰胺,其回收率为89.7％～ 109.2％,相对标准偏差低于6.8％.本方法对三聚氰胺检测具有很好的灵敏度和稳定性,为其它小分子化合物的SERS检测提供技术支持.     

表面增强拉曼光谱检测鱼肉中禁用和限用药物研究

应用表面增强拉曼光谱(surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,SERS)技术,结合化学计量学方法对水产品中常被检出的禁用或限用药物,包括孔雀石绿(0.5～50μg/L)、结晶紫(5～100μg/L)、氯霉素(50～5.0×103μg/L)和磺胺甲基嘧啶(500～5.0×103μg/L)进行检测.采用偏最小二乘回归法(partial least squares regression,PLSR)对谱图进行分析处理,建立定量分析模型.结果表明运用SERS技术对染料类渔药,孔雀石绿和结晶紫的分析效果较好,对于其标准溶液的最低检测浓度分别为0.8和10μg/L;对抗生素药物,氯霉素和磺胺甲基嘧啶的最低检测浓度分别为50和500μg/L.4种药物的PLSR模型的预测值与实际值的R2为0.865～0.954.运用SERS技术最低能检测到鱼肉中孔雀石绿和结晶紫的含量分别为1.0和20μg/kg,显示出SERS技术对食品中痕量药物残留检测的巨大潜力.     

应用表面增强拉曼光谱法快速检测鸭肉中呋喃它酮代谢物残留

采用表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)技术建立了鸭肉中呋喃它酮代谢物(AMOZ)残留检测的方法。研究以纳米金胶和NaCl作为SERS增强基底,并利用自适应迭代重加权惩罚最小二乘法(air-PLS)扣除光谱中的背景信号,确定了拉曼位移为801 cm~(-1)处的特征峰可作为鸭肉中AMOZ的特征峰。利用单因素分析法得出试验中纳米金胶、待测样品及Na Cl的最佳加入量分别为1.2 m L,35μL及100μL,且最佳吸附时间为1 min。并在此基础上建立了鸭肉提取液中AMOZ质量浓度范围为0.5~12 mg/L时特征峰强度Y与鸭肉提取液中AMOZ质量浓度X之间的线性关系,得到其线性方程为Y=224.99X+718.83,决定系数(R2)为0.9961,最低检测限为0.5 mg/L,并得到其预测集样本中回收率的范围为97.2%~119.1%。结果表明,该方法线性关系良好,可用于鸭肉中AMOZ残留的快速检测。     

表面增强拉曼光谱法测定鸭肉中替米考星残留

建立了鸭肉中替米考星(Tilmicosin,TMS)残留的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)检测方法。分析了鸭肉提取液、TMS水溶液和含有TMS的鸭肉提取液的SERS光谱特征,确定1584 cm~(-1)作为鸭肉中TMS残留快速检测的SERS分析特征峰。研究了含TMS的鸭肉提取液加入量、吸附时间分别对鸭肉中TMS在1584 cm~(-1)处的SERS信号强度的影响,确定了含TMS的鸭肉提取液的加入量和吸附时间分别为20μL和1 min。建立了TMS水溶液检测的标准曲线,在质量浓度0.5~40.0 mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(R2)为0.9725,检测限为0.5 mg/L,预测样本的平均回收率介于87%~105%之间。建立了鸭肉中TM S残留检测的标准曲线,在质量浓度2.0~50.0 mg/L范围内呈现出良好的线性关系,R2为0.9839,检测限可达2.0 mg/L,预测样本的平均回收率介于75%~103%之间。基于SERS的鸭肉中TM S残留的快速检测方法是可行的。     

一步法制备银溶胶用于临床嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌的表面增强拉曼光谱快速检测

该文利用一步法快速制备银溶胶,实现了基底的现用现制。对嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌进行表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)检测,得到18组拉曼特征峰的生物指纹谱图。方法能够检测到的最低菌悬液浓度为5×106菌落形成单位(CFU)/mL,重现性的相对标准偏差为6.8%~16%,满足生物医学领域定性分析的基本要求。采用该方法获得的阳性病人血液中的病原细菌细胞的拉曼信号与纯培养菌株接近,进一步证明这种快速(10 min)、简单、便携式和低成本的方法在临床诊断中具有广阔的应用前景。     

络合吸附伏安法同时测定多种重金属离子

在络合剂亚硝基苯胲 乙醇 乙酸铵体系中,Cr(Ⅵ)、Cd2 、Cu2 、Pb2 、Ni2 等离子都能在汞电极上产生灵敏的阴极络合吸附波,其二次导数伏安峰电流均与离子质量浓度有良好的线性关系,可用于这些离子的定量检测,测定线性范围为Cr(Ⅵ)0.0017～0.67μg mL、Cd2 0.0017～0.117μg mL、Cu2 0.0083～5 8μg mL、Pb2 0.083～1.25μg mL、Ni2 0.17～150μg mL,RSD分别为5.7%、1 3%、1.4%、2 5%和1.6%。方法为工业废水、地表水及生活用水等样品中重金属离子的同时测定提供了可靠、灵敏的检测方法。     

现场制备表面增强拉曼光谱基底法快速检测药片中盐酸阿米洛利的含量

利用加热贴(暖宝贴)作为热源现场合成银溶胶,并用其作为表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)基底。使用罗丹明6G(R6G)作为探针分子,对合成的银溶胶的SERS性能进行评价。结果显示,银溶胶的制备方法简便、快速,制备时间在15 min内,具有较好的SERS增强效果,且在4 h内具有较好的稳定性。将现合成的银溶胶用于药片中盐酸阿米洛利的SERS检测,在0.8～8 mg/L范围内盐酸阿米洛利的质量浓度与拉曼峰强度有较好的线性相关系,线性方程为:y=1 395ρ-76.40,r~2=0.999 2。检出限(LOD)为0.2 mg/L,其加标回收率为104%～106%,相对标准偏差为0.35%～3.5%。该方法简单快速、稳定性好,为药片中盐酸阿米洛利的快速检测和鉴别提供了新途径。     

基于SBA-15的表面增强拉曼基底的制备及对鸡肉和鸡饲料中恩诺沙星的检测

在氨基改性的多孔材料SBA-15表面修饰金纳米颗粒制备了表面增强拉曼(SERS)基底,以四巯基吡啶(4-Mpy)作为探针分子,对基底的SERS性能进行评价.结果显示,利用金纳米粒子在介孔材料中的有效负载形成的结构有利于SERS信号的增强,基底在保存5个月后信号降低幅度较小,稳定性好.将此基底应用于鸡肉和鸡饲料提取液中恩诺沙星的SERS检测,在0.1~1 mg/kg浓度范围内,特征峰的拉曼信号强度与恩诺沙星浓度具有良好线性关系(R~2分别等于0.98和0.99),检测限均达到0.1 mg/kg.该检测方法简单快速、灵敏度高、稳定性好,为SERS技术应用于抗生素的快速检测提供了新的途径.     

基于表面增强拉曼光谱技术的芥子气模拟剂快速检测方法研究

该文基于具有单分子水平高灵敏度和指纹图谱高分辨率的表面增强拉曼光谱(Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy,SERS)技术,以2-氯乙基乙基硫醚(2-CEES)作为芥子气模拟剂,50 nm金纳米溶胶为SERS基底,系统开展了芥子气模拟剂的快速分析检测方法研究。研究结果表明,该方法对2-CEES的最低检出质量浓度为10μg/L,且在大型拉曼和便携拉曼仪器上均获得了稳定重复的结果,有望用于环境水体中芥子气的现场快速定性分析检测。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.