液相色谱指纹图谱在泽泻动态研究中的应用

应用指纹图谱技术，结合指标成分测定，采用高效液相色谱法，乙腈-水梯度洗脱，流速1．0mL／min，柱温20℃，色谱图光谱采集范围200～800nm，探讨了泽泻动态积累的规律。以泽泻标准对照药材为参照，用指标成分24-乙酰泽泻醇A和23-乙酰泽泻醇B进行了定位和测定，找出了21个共有峰，其中12号和20号峰分别为24-乙酰泽泻醇A和23-乙酰泽泻醇B。结果表明：泽泻样品指纹图谱及指标成分测定可为泽泻的最佳采收期提供科学依据。     

吸附树脂法在泽泻提取物的脱色及高纯度泽泻醇制备中的应用研究

将具有脱色和吸附双重功能的新型吸附树脂用于泽泻提取物的脱色和高纯度泽泻醇提取物的制备工艺中,考察了树脂结构对脱色性能和吸附性能的影响熹见律.结果表明,兼具适宜的比表面积和功能基含量的No.2树脂具有最佳的纯化效果,只通过"吸附-解吸"一步工艺,产品纯度即可从1.93%提高到50%以上,泽泻醇的回收率高于95%.初步探讨了树脂的吸附机理,认为树脂对泽泻醇的吸附是单纯的疏水性作用力,而对色素的吸附应为疏水-离子交换双重作用的协同效应.     

原位电离实时直接分析串联质谱法鉴别中药泽泻化学成分

建立原位电离实时直接分析串联质谱法快速鉴别中药泽泻中的化学成分。使用质谱正离子全扫描采集泽泻的DART MS特征图谱,通过与已报道的泽泻化学成分的相对分子质量比对确证泽泻醇类成分。在正离子模式下,泽泻固体样品直接显示特征指纹离子,液体样品图谱中出现文献报道的23-乙酰泽泻醇B(m/z 515)、泽泻醇C(m/z 487)、泽泻醇A(m/z 491)、泽泻醇B(m/z 473)、11-去氧泽泻醇A(m/z 475)等成分的[M+H]~+离子。该法操作简便、专属性强。能快速、直接、原位、高通量定性、定量分析,为药材、饮片的快速鉴别提供了新方法,具有良好的应用前景。     

2-乙酰氧甲基吡咯衍生物和醇钠的醚化反应研究

研究了2-乙酰氧甲基吡咯衍生物和醇钠在回流条件下的醚化反应,结果以优秀的收率生成了相应的2-烷氧甲基吡咯衍生物.提出了一个基于氮杂富勒烯过渡态的反应机理用于解释实验结果,提供了一种在碱性介质中制备2-烷氧甲基吡咯衍生物的新方法.     

拟南芥转酮醇酶蛋白AtTKL1的同源建模及与α-三联噻吩结合作用分析

以玉米转酮醇酶(1ITZ)的晶体结构为模板,对拟南芥转酮醇酶(At TKL1)的三维结构进行模拟和优化.利用生物信息学方法,确定其氨基酸结合位点为His143,Gly234,Asn263,Arg434,Ser461,Gln488,Phe515,His539,Asp547和Arg598,催化氨基酸位点为His103和His340.通过分子模拟确定α-三联噻吩与At TKL1的活性口袋可有效结合,且At TKL1的催化位点和结合位点为其与α-三联噻吩结合的关键位点.利用荧光猝灭光谱技术确定At TKL1与α-三联噻吩之间存在结合作用;酶活力检测结果表明加入α-三联噻吩后转酮醇酶蛋白的活性降低,进一步验证了At TKL1与α-三联噻吩之间的相互作用.     

水飞蓟宾乙酰化物的选择性合成

在加热条件下,冰醋酸选择性地对水飞蓟宾分子中的醇羟基进行乙酰化,合成了23-O-乙酰水飞蓟宾和3,23-二-O-乙酰水飞蓟宾,其结构经UV,1H NMR,IR和MS表征.     

对甲苯磺酸催化的2-乙酰氧甲基吡咯衍生物和醇的醚化反应研究

研究了对甲苯磺酸催化的2-乙酰氧甲基吡咯衍生物和醇之间的醚化反应,结果以优秀的收率生成了相应的2-烷氧甲基吡咯衍生物.该反应具有条件温和、产物得率高和后处理简单等优点,提供了一种在弱酸条件下制备2-烷氧甲基吡咯衍生物的新方法,提出了一种基于氮杂富勒烯过渡态的反应机理用于解释实验现象.     

天然产物法卡林二醇与人类GABAA受体相互作用的机制

通过分子动力学模拟、伞形采样模拟、结合自由能计算和分子对接等方法,研究了法卡林二醇在γ-氨基丁酸A型(GABA_A)受体上结合作用的模式和对GABA_A受体动态属性的影响,确定了3个有效结合位点均对此受体产生拮抗作用,为后续研究聚乙炔醇类化合物对GABA_A受体作用及相应药物开发提供了理论依据.     

稳定同位素标记1,4-二氢吡啶类药剂的5,6-位及其取代基碳的合成

1,4-二氢吡啶结构是许多生物活性物以及药物分子的重要骨架,同时也是非常重要的有机合成中间体。当前并没有一种适用的方法用于¹³C标记1,4-二氢吡啶的合成.提供了一种¹³C标记1,4-二氢吡啶的合成方法以¹³C2-乙酸钠为标记原料,经磷酸酸化得到¹³C2-乙酸,羰基二咪唑酰化¹³C2-乙酸得到¹³C2-N-乙酰咪唑,随后在咪唑钠的作用下进行克莱森缩合反应获得1,2,3,4-¹³C4-乙酰乙酰咪唑的钠盐,经乙酸酸化得到1,2,3,4-¹³C4-乙酰乙酰咪唑,再通过与醇进行酯化得到1,2,3,4-¹³C4-乙酰乙酸酯,1,2,3,4-¹³C4-乙酰乙酸酯经氨基甲酸铵氨化得到1,2,3,4-¹³C4-3-氨基丁烯酸酯。随后采用Hantzsch改进法合成了5,6-位及其取代基碳标记的¹³C4-尼群地平、¹³C4-苯磺酸氨氯地平和¹³C4-马来酸氨氯地平.该方法操作简单,反应条件温和且产率高,为1,4-二氢吡啶的5,6-位及其取代基引入¹³C同位素标记合成提供了新的思路,满足中国仿制药物一致性评价的稳定同位素内标自主合成需求。     

碳碳相关谱测定泽泻萜醇F的结构

从泽泻中分离出新化合物泽泻萜醇F，采用二维核磁共振碳相关技术研究了该化合物的骨架结构。结合碳碳相关谱及远程碳氢相关谱等其它二维核磁共振技术，分析了该化合物的常规氢谱和碳谱，并准确归属了质子和碳核的化学位移。     

人血清蛋白-丙酮(乙醇)体系的荧光光谱及共振散射光谱特性

人血清蛋白-丙酮(乙醇)体系的荧光光谱及共振散射光谱特性     

Toxic Interaction between Dibutyl Phthalate and Human Serum Albumin: Spectroscopic and Molecular Modeling Investigations

Because of the widely usage of Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), its residue exist extensively in the environment and can enter human body, being potential harmful. Human serum albumin (HSA) is a major transporter for endogenous and exogenous compounds in vivo. The aim of this study was to examine the interaction of HSA with DBP through spectroscopic and molecular modeling methods. The experiments revealed that DBP binds to site I (subdomain IIA) of HSA mainly through hydrophobic interactions, illustrated by the calculated ΔH and ΔS. Furthermore, molecular docking was applied to define the specific binding sites, the results of which show that DBP mainly interacts with the positively charged amino acid residues LEU 219, PHE 223, LEU 234, LEU 238, ALA 258, LEU 260, and ILE 290 predominately through hydrophobic interactions, in accordance with the conclusion of thermodynamic analysis. The binding of DBP can cause conformational and some microenvironmental changes of HSA, revealed by UV‐vis absorption, synchronous fluorescence, and circular dichroism results. The accurate and full basic data in the work is beneficial to clarifying the binding mechanism of DBP with HSA in vivo and understanding its effect on protein function during the blood transportation process.     

Characterization of the interaction between 8-bromoadenosine with human serum albumin and its analytical application

This study was designed to examine the interaction of 8-bromoadenosine with human serum albumin (HSA) by fluorescence spectroscopy in combination with molecular modeling under simulative physiological conditions. The results of fluorescence measurements indicate that 8-bromoadenosine has a strong ability to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA through static quenching procedure. The binding constants (K) at different temperatures and thermodynamic parameters, enthalpy changes (ΔH) and entropy changes (ΔS) were calculated according to the fluorescence data. The results showed that the hydrophobic force played the major role in the binding of 8-bromoadenosine to HSA. The fluorescence experimental results were in agreement with the results obtained by molecular modeling study. The effects of some normal positive and negative ions on the binding constants were also discussed. Moreover, the synchronous fluorescence technique was used to characterize the interaction of 8-bromoadenosine to HSA and successfully applied to determine the total proteins in human serum, urine and saliva samples at room temperature under the optimum conditions with a wide linear range and satisfactory results.     

罗布麻活性成分与人血清白蛋白结合的光谱学研究

应用荧光和紫外光谱研究了人血清白蛋白与罗布麻活性成分槲皮素(QUE)、芸香苷(RUT)和儿茶素(CAT)的结合机理. 在QUE与蛋白质浓度比小于3.5时, 其荧光猝灭机理主要是静态猝灭, 在药物浓度较高时动态猝灭所占的比例增加; RUT在整个实验浓度范围内对蛋白质的荧光猝灭机理为静态猝灭; CAT与蛋白质之间不能形成复合物, 其荧光猝灭主要由动态猝灭产生. QUE和RUT分别与蛋白质形成1∶1的复合物, 结合常数分别为(1.51±0.13)×10⁵和(0.81±0.08)×10⁵ L•mol^－1. 由于激发态质子转移, 与蛋白质的相互作用引起QUE和RUT内源荧光发射峰强度的明显增加, 进一步证实了它们与蛋白质的结合. 与蛋白质的结合也引起了QUE紫外吸收带的明显红移, 说明药物分子中的酚羟基发生了解离, 以离子形式与蛋白质发生作用. RUT的紫外吸收谱带没有明显移动, 说明它主要以中性状态与蛋白质结合. 应用与蛋白质作用后药物分子紫外吸收光谱的二阶导数谱, 对药物与蛋白质的结合模式进行了深入探讨.     

长春新碱与人血清白蛋白的相互作用研究

利用荧光和圆二色光谱研究了长春新碱(VCR)与人血清白蛋白(HSA)之间的相互作用. 通过荧光猝灭测得在288, 298和308 K时, VCR与HSA的结合常数K分别为2.14×10⁴, 1.73×10⁴ 和1.35×10⁴ L•mol^－1, 表明VCR与HSA间具有较强的结合作用, 属于静态猝灭. 计算出焓变(ΔH)为 －17.38 kJ•mol^－1, 熵变(ΔS)为22.62 J•mol^－1•K^－1, 结合分子模型理论计算的结果, 表明VCR与HSA相互作用时在色氨酸(Trp) 214残基和VCR分子中吲哚基间作用力以疏水作用力为主, 但在 VCR和HSA 分子间以静电引力为主. 圆二色光谱(CD)的数据表明相互作用后HSA的二级结构发生了改变：HSA的α-螺旋的含量从51.7%下降到32.9%, β-折叠的含量增加了9.2%.     

光谱-分子模拟法分析杨梅素与人血清白蛋白的分子作用机制

在模拟生理条件下,用多种光谱法结合分子对接法测定了杨梅素(MY)与人血清白蛋白(HSA)的相互作用。研究结果表明,MY能够明显猝灭HSA的荧光,MY与HSA的相互作用为复合式静态结合过程,结合强度较强。热力学和分子对接结果表明,MY与HSA是自发结合的,维持MY与HSA的相互作用力主要是氢键和范德华力。能量转移结果表明,MY与HSA的结合距离小于7 nm,说明MY与HSA间可以发生能量转移。MY对HSA的结构域微区构象产生了影响,使结合位域的疏水性发生了改变。本研究阐述了MY与HSA的相互作用分子机制,为天然小分子在体内转运等提供了有用信息。     

Synthesis and interaction studies of benzimidazole derivative with human serum albumin

A benzimidazole derivative, 1-(2-picolyl)-3-(2-picolyl) benzimidazole iodide (PPB), was synthesized. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV–visible, three-dimensional (3D) fluorescence, synchronous fluorescence (SF) and fluorescence spectroscopic methods were used to determine the PPB binding mode and the effects of PPB on protein stability and secondary structure. Fluorescence results revealed the presence of static type of quenching mechanism in the binding of PPB to human serum albumin (HSA). The binding constants between PPB and HSA were obtained according to Scatchard equation. The number of binding sites, the binding constants and the thermodynamic parameters were measured. The results showed a spontaneous binding of PPB to HSA through hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. In addition, the distance between PPB and the Trp 214 was estimated via employing the Förster's non-radiative energy transfer theory, and was found to be 3.49 nm, which indicated that PPB can bind to HSA with high probability. Site marker competitive experiments indicated that the binding of PPB to HSA primarily took place in subdomain IIA.     

The effects of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) on the structure and function of human serum albumin (HSA): Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies

Here, the interaction of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and human serum albumin (HSA) as one of the most important proteins for carrying and binding of drugs was investigated and the impact of radius to volume ratio and chirality of the SWCNTs was evaluated using molecular docking method. Molecular docking results represented that zigzag SWCNT with radius to volume ratio equal to 6.77 × 10^?3 Å^?2 has the most negative binding energy (?17.16 kcal mol^?1) and binds to the HSA cleft by four π–cation interactions. To study the changes of HSA structure, the complex of HSA–SWCNT was subjected to 30 ns molecular dynamics simulation. The MD results showed that HSA was compressed about 2% after interaction with SWCNT. The equilibrated structure of HSA–SWCNT complex was used to compare the binding of warfarin to HSA in the absence and presence of SWCNT. The obtained results represent that warfarin-binding site was changed in the presence of SWCNT and its binding energy was increased. Really, warfarin was bound on the surface of SWCNT instead of its binding site on HSA. It means that HSA function as a carrier for warfarin is altered, the free concentration of warfarin is changed, and its release is decreased in the presence of SWCNT.     

Study on the Interaction of Nd3+ with Human Serum Albumin at Molecular Level

Neodymium is applied widely in agriculture to improve crop nutrition and incidentally in fertilizers, yet little is known of its effect on the biological function of human serum albumin (HSA). The interaction of Nd³⁺ to HSA has been investigated mainly by fluorescence spectra, UV–vis absorption spectra and circular dichroism (CD) under simulative physiological conditions. Fluorescence data revealed that the quenching mechanism of HSA by Nd³⁺ was a static quenching process and the binding constant is 5.71 × 10⁴ L mol^‐1 and the number of binding sites is 1 at 292 K. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔH⁰ = ‐20.79 kJ mol^‐1, ΔG⁰ = ‐26.58 kJ mol^‐1, and ΔS⁰ = 19.85 J mol^‐1 K^‐1) indicate that electrostatic effect between the protein and Nd³⁺ is the main binding force. The distance r = 2.91 nm between donor (HSA) and acceptor (Nd³⁺) was obtained according to Förster's nonradiative energy transfer. In addition, UV–vis, CD and synchronous fluorescence results showed that the addition of Nd³⁺ changed the conformation of HSA.     

噻螨酮与人血清白蛋白的作用机制

用分子对接方法及紫外-可见吸收光谱、同步荧光光谱、三维荧光光谱等实验手段研究了噻螨酮(HEX)与人血清白蛋白(HSA)的相互作用及对HSA构象的影响.预测结果表明,HEX能与HSA发生相互作用,且作用位点site II比site I的打分小约4.5.实验结果表明,HEX猝灭HSA的内源荧光且作用机制为静态猝灭;HEX使HSA周围的微环境发生变化,导致蛋白质的肽链结构改变;298和291 K时HEX与HSA相互作用的结合常数(KA)和结合位点数分别为7.35×103 mol/L、0.82和1.02×104 mol/L、0.86,证实HEX仅在site II存在作用位点;HEX与Trp214的结合距离为3.01 nm,作用力主要为氢键、范德华力和疏水作用力.这些研究所获得的多种信息有助于在分子水平上理解农药对人体造成的毒性及可能的生物累积性.