箬竹叶中黄酮类化合物的高效液相色谱分析

用高效液相色谱法，以苯基柱为固定相，甲醇－水为流动相，并应用二极管阵列检测技术，分离和制备了箬竹叶中８种黄酮类化合物，经结构鉴定，确证６种为结构相近的黄酮甙类化合物，并以其中的芦丁的为标准，测定了８种黄酮类化合物在箬竹叶中的含量。     

水蒸汽蒸馏-气相色谱/质谱法分析7种竹叶挥发油的香气成分

利用水蒸汽蒸馏法(HD)和气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)测定了斑苦竹等7种竹叶挥发油的化学成分,并确定了7种竹叶挥发油中的主要香气成分。其中共有香气成分有8种,分别为苯甲醛、庚二烯醛、藏红花醛、大马士酮、α-紫罗兰酮、香叶基丙酮、β-紫罗兰酮和六氢法呢基丙酮。不同竹叶挥发油具有不同的香味,而且发现了某些高应用价值的化合物存在于竹叶挥发油中,如α-古巴烯、α-红没药醇、角鲨烯等,为以后进一步开发利用竹叶挥发油提供科学依据。     

火棘叶挥发油化学成分的GC-MS分析

采用水蒸气蒸馏法从火棘叶中提取挥发油,利用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用方法分析火棘叶挥发油化学成分,并以面积归一法测定各成分的相对含量。从火棘叶挥发油中共鉴定出69种化合物,占挥发油总量的80.52%,主要成分为(-)-b-杜松烯(22.62%)、植物醇(19.90%)、二环倍半水芹烯(5.95%)、β-桉叶醇(5.78%)、1,2,3,4,4a,7-六氢-1,6-二甲基-4-(1-甲基乙基)-萘(2.78%)、表圆线藻烯(2.34%)等。     

苦丁茶冬青挥发油成分的GC-MS分析

采用乙醚超声萃取-水蒸气蒸馏方法提取苦丁茶冬青的挥发油，用气相色谱-质谱联用分析，鉴定了挥发油中的57个成分，其中主要成分是醇、醛、酮、醚、脂肪酸、脂肪酸酯及含氧萜类等化合物。     

鸡骨素及其酶解液的美拉德反应产物挥发性风味成分比较分析

利用固相微萃取/气相色谱-质谱(SPME/GC-MS)联用与电子鼻(E-Nose)嗅探技术对鸡骨素美拉德反应产物(MRPs1)及鸡骨素酶解液美拉德反应产物(MRPs2)中的挥发性风味成分进行比较分析。在两种产物中共鉴定出77种挥发性化学成分,其中醇类18种、醛酮类23种、酸类3种、酯类10种、杂环类7种及其他类16种,两种产物中共有成分26种。与MRPs1相比,MRPs2中醛酮、杂环类化合物的相对含量较高,但前者的酯类物质含量更为丰富。(E)-2-辛烯-1-醇、(6Z,9Z)-十五碳二烯-1-醇、苯甲醛、辛醛、6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮、2-乙基-3-羟基-4(4H)-吡喃酮、2,3,5-三甲基-6-乙基吡嗪、2-[(甲基二硫基)甲基]呋喃构成了MRPs2的特有成分,γ-丁位十二内酯为MRPs1的特有成分。在两种反应产物中,除4-甲基-5-羟乙基噻唑的相对含量均较高外(MRP1相似文献   

气相色谱-质谱法测定艾叶挥发油中化学成分

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取艾叶的挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱法分离和鉴定挥发油成分,并用归一化法测定其相对含量。共分离出76个组分,鉴定出59种化合物。其含量占总挥发油组分峰面积的94.3%。贵州遵义产艾叶主要挥发油成分及其含量为1,8-桉叶油素(22.19%)、樟脑(10.39%)、绿花白千层醇(6.57%)、蒿醇(4.95%)、L-龙脑(4.88%)、α-松油烯(3.98%)、蒿酮(3.44%)、顺式桧烯水合物(3.36%)、4-松油醇(2.68%)、菊油环酮(2.51%)、β-崖柏酮(2.41%)、1-松油醇(2.32%)和丁香酚(2.26%)等。     

气相色谱/质谱法分析曼陀罗果实挥发油的化学成分

用水蒸汽蒸馏法从曼陀罗果实中提取挥发油,并用气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)联用技术对其化学成分进行分离和结构鉴定,用峰面积归一化法确定各成分的相对含量。结果确定了68种化合物,占挥发油总量的82.83%,其主要成分为6-戊基-5,6-二氢化吡喃-2-酮(9.13%)、3,7,11,15-四甲基-2-十六碳烯-1-醇(6.71%)、二苯酮(6.16%)和1-己醇(6.10%)等。     

万寿菊不同部位挥发性化学成分比较研究

通过分析不同部位万寿菊挥发性化学成分,为万寿菊的开发利用提供实验依据.采用同时蒸馏.萃取法(SDE)提取不同部位万寿菊挥发油,气相色谱法分离,质谱法鉴定结构.结果表明万寿菊花、叶、茎挥发油的含量分别为3.7%、3.5%和2.9%.在花、叶和茎挥发油中分别鉴定出40、33和35种化学成分.万寿菊不同部位挥发油的含量及其化学成分存在一定的差异,其中万寿菊花挥发油的含量最高,万寿菊花、叶、茎挥发油中柠檬烯、3,7-二甲基-1,6-辛二烯.3-醇、1-环己基-2.甲基-丙烯-2-酮和3-甲基-6-(1-甲乙基)-2-环己烯-1-酮含量较高.     

超临界CO2流体萃取法与水蒸气蒸馏法提取荆芥穗挥发油化学成分的研究

采用超临界CO2萃取法(SFE)与水蒸气蒸馏法(SD)从荆芥穗中提取挥发油。采用SE-54毛细管柱进行分析,用气相色谱-质谱法对挥发油中各种化学成分进行鉴定,用归一化法测定各组分的含量。色谱条件:SE-54毛细管柱 (30 m×0.25 mm i.d.,0.25 μm),柱温50 ℃(3 min)5 ℃/min180 ℃(2 min)10 ℃/min260 ℃(50 min);分流进样,分流比1∶50;进样口温度280 ℃。在采用超临界CO2萃取法提取的挥发油中共鉴定出54种成分,其主要成分为长叶薄荷酮、薄荷酮、亚油酸氯化物等;在水蒸气蒸馏法提取的挥发油中共鉴定出39种成分,其主要成分为长叶薄荷酮、薄荷酮、柠檬烯等。超临界法较水蒸气法更加稳定可靠,重现性好,适用于中药挥发油的化学成分分析。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定姜黄挥发油化学成分

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取姜黄挥发油,用气相色谱－质谱联用技术分离和鉴定姜黄挥发油的化学成分。经计算机ＮＢＳ谱库检索,发现姜黄挥发油中至少有１５个峰,鉴定出α－姜黄烯、α－姜烯、桉叶油素和球姜酮等１５种组分;另外还有１－（３－环戊基醛）－２,４－二甲基苯、β－倍半水芹烯、大根香叶酮、大根香叶烷、顺双环［３,３,１］酮－２－烯－９－醇等成分。姜黄挥发油中主要成分为α－姜黄烯。     

不同种兰花香气成分分析

利用固相微萃取和气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术分析了5种兰花的香气成分。结果表明,5种兰花香气成分的种类和含量存在明显差异。绿苹果(Den.LittleGreen Apples)主要由反-2-己烯醛、己醛、丁羟甲苯、乙酸乙酯和3-己烯-1-醇等化合物构成,其中乙酸乙酯和反-2-己烯醛可能是花朵中苹果香的主要来源。香水文心兰(Onc.Sharry Baby)的主要香气化合物是顺-3,7-二甲基-1,3,6-辛三烯、3,7-二甲基-2,6-辛二烯-1-醇和3,7-二甲基-1,6-辛二烯-3-醇,三者的相对含量总和为84.57%。台北小姐(Cym.Miss Taipei)香气成分的主要特征不明显,除4-甲基苯酚和2-乙基丁醛外,其他化合物的相对含量均低于5%。夕阳红(Phal.Taida Salu)有香气成分50种,相对含量为87.01%,主要成分为柯巴烯、正己烷、甲酸己酯和3-己烯-1-醇。绿世界(Blc.Sung Ya Green‘green world’)有香气成分37种,主要由丙基环丙烷、2-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙醇、反-2-己烯-1-醇、3-己烯-1-醇、反-2-己烯醛、丁基呋喃和3,7,11-三甲基-1,6,10-十二碳三烯-3-醇等组成。     

大叶黄杨叶、茎、果挥发油成分及抗病毒作用

研究了大叶黄杨叶、茎、果挥发油的化学成分及抗病毒活性。 采用超临界二氧化碳萃取,应用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS) 法鉴定挥发油化学成分,考察体外抗病毒作用。 共鉴定133个化合物,大叶黄杨叶挥发油中主要有2-乙氧丙烷(41.92%)、(E)-2-己烯-1-醇(17.8%)、 (E)-香叶醇(7.86%)、甲基环己烷(6.60%)等;大叶黄杨茎挥发油中主要有甲氧基苯基肟(33.10%)、二十八烷(14.34%)、α-甲基-α-[4-甲基-3-戊烯基]环氧乙烷甲醇(12.48%)、甲苯(11.88%)、二十一烷(7.74%) 等;大叶黄杨果挥发油中主要有苯甲醛(15.52%)、甲苯(15.03%)、甲基环己烷(14.76%)、(Z)-3-己烯-1-醇(10.98%)等。 大叶黄杨叶、茎、果的环己烷、乙醚萃取挥发油对特定病毒有显著抑制效果。 大叶黄杨叶、茎、果中挥发油萃取部位成分差异明显,有特定抗病毒活性。     

Sur la composition de l'arôme de thé noir II

Trans-2-penten-1-ol, 1-ethyl-2-formyl-pyrrole, 2-trans, 4-cis-heptadienal, phenyl-acetonitrile, methyl benzoate, 2-phenyl-but-2-enal and the lactone of 2,6,6-trimethyl-2-hydroxy-cyclohexylidene acetic acid have been separated from black tea aroma by gas-liquid chromatography, and identified by infra-red and mass spectrometry.     

碧桃花、叶、茎、果实挥发油成分及抗油脂氧化、抑菌作用

采用超临界CO₂萃取,应用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS) 法鉴定碧桃花、叶、茎、果实挥发油中化学成分和相对质量浓度,共鉴定178个化合物。 其中花挥发油中主要成分有苯甲醛(11.42%)、α-金合欢烯(9.18%)、十六烷酸(8.03%)。叶挥发油中主要成分有:苯甲醛(14.72%)、二十五烷(9.85%)、二十八烷(8.29%)、二十三烷(5.14%)。 茎挥发油中主要成分有(Z)-3-己烯-1-醇(28.90%)、(E)-2-己烯醇(16.06%)、正己醇(6.86%)。 果实挥发油中主要成分有:苯甲醛(20.46%)、十六烷酸(5.84%)、苯甲醇(5.01%)。 在10~40 d贮藏期内,花、叶、茎、果实挥发油可明显降低花生油的过氧化值和酸值,其中以茎挥发油高剂量组降低作用最强。 花和茎挥发油具有较强的抑菌作用,其最小抑菌浓度(MIC)值在0.024~0.188 g/L范围内。     

Essential oil of Turnera ulmifolia leaves from Cuba

The chemical composition of the volatile compounds from the leaves of Turnera ulmifolia L. (Turneraceae) from Cuba was studied by GC and GC/MS. Sixty-four volatile compounds were identified, of which the major ones were beta-caryophyllene (21.5%) and (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol (18.4%).     

2-undecanone rich leaf essential oil from Zanthoxylum armatum

The leaf essential oils of Zanthoxylum armatum DC (Rutaceae) from Kumaon, India, extracted by hydrodistillation, were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major classes of compounds found in the leaf oils were acyclic and menthane monoterpenoids as well as simple alcohols, aldehydes and ketones. The high proportion of non-terpenic acyclic ketones, notably 2-undecanone and 2-tridecanone, and the low abundance of undec-10-en-1-al and p-phellandren-8-ol make the composition entirely new. Other constituents present in significant amounts were oxygenated monoterpenes, which include 1,8-cineole, linalool, terpinen-4-ol, and alpha-terpineol, and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons represented mainly by trans-caryophyllene, a-humulene and germacrene D. On the contrary, the oil distilled from the leaves on the second day of distillation was characterized by a high content of 2-tridecanone (27.1%) and trans-caryophyllene (7.4%), as compared with 3.5% and 4.6%, respectively, for the fresh leaves; a slight decrease in pH of the distillate was also significant. Moreover, the presence of a high 2-undecanone content followed by 2-tridecanone is being reported for the first time for Z. armatum from this region. In terms of molecular diversity, the simple acyclic ketones dominate the essential oils as compared with linalool that was reported in several previous studies on Z. armatum. Therefore, the two acyclic ketones may be utilized to establish the origin and authenticity of the material.     

Essential oil of Galinsoga parviflora leaves from Colombia

The chemical composition of the volatile compounds from the leaves of Galinsoga parviflora Cav. (Asteraceae) from Colombia was studied by GC and GC/MS. Eighty-eight volatile compounds were identified, of which the major ones were (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol (21.7%), beta-caryophyllene (12.4%), and 6-demethoxy-ageratochrome (14%). The leaf oil presented antimicrobial activities against the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus.     

Comparison of Constituents and Insecticidal Activities of Essential Oil from Artemisia lavandulaefolia by Steam Distillation and Supercritical-CO2 Fluid Extraction

Essential oil was extracted from Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC.by steam distillation(SD) and supercritical-CO2 fluid extraction(SFE),respectively.The constituents of the essentil oils extracted with those two methods were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and insecticidal activities of the essential oils were evaluated,then the results were compared to assess their biological activity.Thirty-one compounds were identified in the essential oil extracted by SD,and its main components were eucalyptol,α,α,4-trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol and so on.Twenty-two compounds were identified for the essential oil extracted by SFE,and its main components were cyclodecene,n-hexadecanoic acid and so on.Six chemical compositions were all contained in the essential oils extracted by the two methods,i.e.,eucalyptol,α,α,4-trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol,caryophyllene,[3aS-(3aα,3bβ,4β,7α,7aS)]-octahydro-7-methyl-3-methylene-4-(1-methylethyl)-1H-cyclopenta[1,3]cyclopropa-[1,2]benzene,nerolidol and(-)-Spathulenol.The fumigation toxicity of the essential oil obtained by means of SD to the adults of Sitophilus zeamais is significantly higher than that of the essential oil by means of SFE.The contact toxicity of the essential oil obtained by means of SFE to the adults of S.zeamais is higher than that of the essential oil obtained by means of SD,but the difference is not significant.     

Novel Synthesis of 3,5,5-Trimethyl-4-(2-butenylidene)-cyclohex-2-en-1-one,a Major Constituent of Burley Tobacco Flavour

The acetylenic diol 2 , prepared by reaction of but-3-yn-2-ol dianion with 2,6,6-trimethyl-4,4-ethylenedioxy-cyclohex-2-en-1-one ( 1 ), afforded 3,5,5-trimethyl-4-(2-butenylidene)-cyclohex-2-en-1-one ( 4 ), a major constituent of Burley tobacco flavour, upon LiAlH₄ reduction and hydrolysis. Vomifoliol ( 5 ) and blumenol C ( 6 ) were major by-products in this reaction.     

Synthesis of Urinary Metabolites of Retinoic Acid

Urinary metabolites 5-methyl-5-[2-(2,6,6-trimethyl -3-oxo-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-vinyl]-2-tetrahydrofuranone (1) and 5-[2-(6-hydroxymethyl-2, 6-dimethyl-3-oxo-1- cyclohexen-1-yl)vinyl]-5-methyl-2-tetrahydrofuranone (2) of retinoic acid have been synthesized from 4-[2,2,6-trimethyl-3-(tetrahydro-2 H -pyran-2-yl)oxy-1-cyclohexen-1-yl]-3-buten-2-one (4) and methyl 2-(3,3-ethylenedioxy-1-butenyl)-1, 3-dimethyl-4-oxo-2-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate (5) .