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分别以无水氯化锌、对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,采用微波辐射法,在无溶剂条件下由4-氯间苯二酚与三氟乙酰乙酸乙酯缩合制备标题化合物;优化了反应条件.结果表明,在微波辐射下,无水氯化锌对该反应有较好的催化活性,相应的4-三氟甲基-7-羟基-6-氯香豆素的产率可达73.0%.优化的反应条件为:4-氯间苯二酚、三氟乙酰乙酸乙酯和无水ZnCl2的摩尔比为1∶1.1∶0.9,微波辐射功率800W,辐射时间20min,反应温度85℃. 相似文献
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有机氟化合物具有独特的化学、物理和生物性能,被广泛应用于医药、农药、新型功能材料、生命科学等领域.因此,发展便捷高效的合成方法,将单个的氟原子(-F)、二氟甲基(-CF2H)或者三氟甲基(-CF3)引入有机小分子,是有机合成领域的热点.相对于发展相对成熟的三氟甲基化反应,二氟甲基化反应发展相对滞后.利用廉价、易保存的溴二氟乙酸乙酯在Na2CO3的条件下产生二氟卡宾,并顺利发生N-H,O-H的二氟甲基化反应,成功的将二氟甲基引入到有机小分子中.该反应的底物适用性很广,官能团的兼容性也很好,卤素、醛基、硝基、腈基等取代的底物均能顺利的发生反应. 相似文献
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过渡金属参与的氟烷基化反应是当前有机氟化学研究的一个热点. 在过去的五年里, 由于新试剂新方法的发展, 过渡金属促进的全氟烷基化反应取得了长足的发展. 与全氟烷基化相比, 二氟和一氟烷基化反应不但可以方便地向分子中引入一个或几个氟原子, 还可以同时引入其它官能团, 因此在合成的步骤经济性上具有比直接氟化更大的优势. 尽管过渡金属促进的二氟和一氟烷基化反应是伴随着全氟烷基化反应而发展起来的, 在反应形式上与后者有很多相似之处, 但是二氟和一氟烷基化反应发展相对缓慢, 仍然存在发展空间. 在这篇综述里面, 我们首次全面地总结了过渡金属促进的二氟和一氟烷基化反应在过去近三十年时间里的发展进程. 全文包括五部分: 第一部分是引言, 从总体上介绍了二氟和一氟烷基化在氟化学中的地位; 第二、三两部分着重把官能团化的二氟烷基化反应和一氟烷基化反应按照反应的种类(即: 不饱和卤代烃的氟烷基化、不饱和体系碳-氢键氟烷基化、有机硼以及金属试剂的氟烷基化、不饱和碳-碳键的加成)进行了梳理; 第四部分为了强调二氟和一氟甲基化在氟烷基化中的重要地位, 将其单独介绍; 最后一部分是总结和展望. 相似文献
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FSO2CF2CO2Me (MFSDA)是陈庆云院士课题组于1989年开发的一种十分有效的三氟甲基化试剂,在学术界和工业界有着广泛地应用,是我国有机氟化学领域早期最重要的研究成果之一,该试剂也被命名为“陈试剂”.此研究采用密度泛函理论(DFT)方法研究了碘化亚铜介导“陈试剂”形成三氟甲基亚铜的反应机理.计算结果揭示了反应中碘化亚铜催化剂的双重作用:一方面碘负离子通过进攻“陈试剂”中具有亲电性的甲基启动反应;另一方面一价铜阳离子络合物捕获原位生成二氟卡宾形成二氟卡宾亚铜中间体.发现与过去普遍假设的机理不同,(1)关键的脱羧过程并不需要一价铜阳离子参与,(2)三氟甲基是通过二氟卡宾亚铜中间体与氟离子络合后形成,而非二氟卡宾直接捕获氟离子.研究结果丰富了对“陈试剂”形成三氟甲基源的认识,为进一步开发基于“陈试剂”的新反应提供了理论依据. 相似文献
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多组分参与的氟烷基化反应是当前有机氟化学研究的一个热点.在过去的几年里,由于新试剂新方法的不断涌现,多组分参与的氟烷基化反应取得了长足的进展,不仅可以经济有效地一步将氟烷基基团与其他官能团同步引入,而且可以将起始原料转化为多种含有生物活性或药物活性的化合物.按照三组分二氟烷基化反应、三组分三氟甲基化反应、三组分全氟烷基化反应、三组分单氟烷基化反应、三组分氟化反应以及四组分氟烷基化反应和总结7个部分,总结了多组分参与的氟烷基化反应在过去近十年时间里的发展进程,同时对该类反应进行了总结和展望. 相似文献
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Uroš Grošelj Mojca Žorž Amalija Golobič Branko Stanovnik Jurij Svete 《Tetrahedron》2013,69(52):11092-11108
A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives. 相似文献
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The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp3)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp2)?H insertion. 相似文献
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N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%). 相似文献
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Shashikant U. Dighe Surya K. Samanta Shivalinga Kolle Sanjay Batra 《Tetrahedron》2017,73(17):2455-2467
An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y1 and Y2. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones. 相似文献
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In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates. 相似文献
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Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described. 相似文献
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用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在. 相似文献
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Jona Mirnik Eva Pušavec Kirar Sebastijan Ričko Uroš Grošelj Amalija Golobič Franc Požgan Bogdan Štefane Jurij Svete 《Tetrahedron》2017,73(24):3329-3337
A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu0 as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than CuI in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT). 相似文献
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George E. Magoulas Thomas Garnelis Constantinos M. Athanassopoulos Dionissios Papaioannou George Mattheolabakis Konstantinos Avgoustakis Dimitra Hadjipavlou-Litina 《Tetrahedron》2012,68(35):7041-7049
(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C60, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine. 相似文献