农林高校基础化学多层次课程体系和教学内容的改革与实践

以农林高校基础化学课程体系和教学内容改革为抓手,构建了农科特色鲜明的多层次课程体系,优化设计了教学内容,增强了教学的针对性,突出了学生个性的发展,为农科院校创新人才的培养奠定了重要的化学基础。     

高分子材料与工程专业课程体系持续改进探索与实践

课程体系是专业人才培养目标和毕业要求达成的重要落脚点,采用科学的方法判定其合理性并进行持续改进对人才培养具有指导意义。本文以高分子材料与工程专业为例,从工程教育专业认证的课程标准角度论证了课程体系与毕业要求的关系和设置,采用统计分析法,根据课程目标的直接评价数据和毕业生及用人单位的间接评价数据,分析了课程体系存在的不足之处,并将数据评价结果作为课程体系持续改进的依据,形成了修订后的课程体系。本文期望能够从可衡量的科学研究角度对课程体系修订的持续改进提供参考依据。     

以创新人才培养为导向的无机及分析化学实验课程体系建设与实践

以培养创新型人才为出发点,针对一年级本科生在无机及分析化学实验教学中存在的问题,探讨了从“以教为主”转变为“以学为主”的课程体系建设与实施情况。通过优化课程体系、拓展培养模式、强化平台建设等手段,在引导学生主动探究、独立思考、掌握科学研究方法等方面取得了一定的成效。     

依托“一流”学科的高分子创新创业人才培养模式初探*

四川大学高分子科学与工程学院以“一流”学科建设为背景,积极探索了以师资队伍为保障、课程体系为基础、实验教学和高水平实习基地为支撑、人才培养质量为目标的高分子创新创业人才培养模式,具有广泛的示范性和推广性。     

以技术要素为主线重组实验教学体系

复旦大学化学系一贯重视实验教学。在实验课程改革方面 ,率先在国内建立仪器分析实验基础课 ,并对物理化学实验内容进行了大幅度改革 ,编写了教材 ,在国内有一定影响。 2 0世纪 80年代末 ,又在对国内外著名大学课程教学体系进行广泛比较研究的基础上 ,进行课程体系改革。到 2 0世纪 90年代中期提出了“以数学和自然科学为基础 ,化学原理为先导 ,有机物和无机物为对象 ,定量分析和结构表征并重”的课程体系 ,并投入教学实践 ,取得了良好效果[1] 。在进行理论课程体系改革的同时 ,我们也在积极进行实验教学课程体系改革的探索和准备。如在 1 9…     

高师"化学教学论"实验课程体系的改革与实践

介绍了高师“化学教学论”实验课程体系改革的指导思想与基本目标,提出了以培养学生探究能力为核心的实验课程体系。并在实践的基础上,取得了阶段性成果,为高师院校全面改革教师教育专业课程体系提供了可借鉴的经验。     

仪器分析综合运用及创新能力的培养——浅谈仪器分析实践教学体系的构建

以数年仪器分析课程教学经验为基础,以培养具有实践能力和创新能力、符合社会需求的复合型应用人才为目标,以专业实际情况为出发点,介绍东北林业大学化学工程与工艺专业仪器分析实践课程体系的构建。     

无机化学和物理化学课程整合与优化初步探讨——以环境工程专业为例

以提高课堂教学效率,进一步发挥学生的自主学习能力和创新能力为原则,结合本校实际情况分析了环境工程专业无机化学、物理化学课程的现状,提出了二者在课程体系上整合优化的基本内容与需要遵循的基本方法。     

基于应用型人才培养的应用化学专业实践课程体系改革研究

在应用型人才培养驱动下,探索了应用化学专业实践课程体系的改革,以“精细化学品的合成与表征”和“精细化学品生产工艺”2个方面训练为目标,构建了“专业实验-实训-生产实习”为一体的专业实践课程体系;通过CDIO模式的教学方法改革,践行了专业实践课程对人才培养的要求,提高了学生应用知识解决实际问题的能力,达到了应用型人才培养的目的。     

基于生态教育理念的高中化学校本课程设计

以构建生态教育类高中化学校本课程体系为目标,从课程设计理念、课程目标确立、课程内容组织结构和课程环境设计等方面探讨了生态教育理念下的校本课程设计思路,提出了生态教育类校本课程内容选择的策略,以期为生态教育类化学校本课程的设计和编制提供理论和方法参考。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.