α-溴代丁酸乙酯/CuBr/联吡啶体系引发的活性自由基聚合反应

用α 溴代丁酸乙酯为引发剂，ＣｕＢｒ和２，２’ 联吡啶（ＢＰＹ）为催化剂，研究了ＭＭＡ、Ｓｔ、ＭＡ在８０℃下，ＭＭＡ在室温下（２０℃）的自由基活性聚合机理．通过转化率与数均分子量，理论分子量和实测分子量的关系，以及分子量分布，证明这些体系均具有活性聚合的特征．计算了三种聚合体系的动力学数据．讨论了温度、单体结构对聚合体系自由基活性特征的影响．     

稀土配位催化环硫氯丙烷与环氧氯丙烷共聚合研究

研究了稀土配位催化剂对难以开环均聚和共聚的环硫氯丙烷（ＣＭＴ）与环氧氯丙烷（ＥＣＨ）的共聚合。发现稀土乙酰丙酮盐、环烷酸盐等与异丁基铝、水组成的络合催化剂有良好的催化活性，能制备得到类交替共聚物，产率高达６０％以上，分子量频高（［η］＝０．１５ｄＬ／ｇ）。应用ＩＲ、＾１３Ｃ ＮＭＲ、ＧＰＣ、ＶＰＯ等测试手段对共聚物的结构和分子量进行了表征。测定ＣＭＴ（１）与ＥＣＨ（２）共聚合的竞聚率分别为ｒ１＝０     

CuBr/bpy催化苯乙烯和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的"活性"自由基共聚合

研究了ＣｕＢｒ／ｂｐｙ催化、Ｅｉｂ－Ｂｒ引发Ｓｔ／ＭＭＡ自由基共聚反应动力学。发现在不同的起始单体组成比条件下,两种单体以基本相同的速率进行聚合,并得到恒比组成的共聚物。分子量的可控性和窄分子量分布证明这是一种“活性”聚合过程。建立了用红外光谱表征Ｓｔ／ＭＭＡ共聚物序列结构的方法。     

乙丙三元胶的功能化研究

用马来酸二丁酯（ＤＢＭ）对乙丙三元胶（ＥＰＤＭ）进行了功能化，在烃链上导入极性基团，以改善ＥＰＤＭ与含极性基团聚合物的相容性．红外光谱表明功能化反应确已发生．用电子顺磁共振波谱仪（ＥＳＲ）研究了热引发的机理，产物的功能化率由皂化水解反应测定；产物交联程度由凝胶量间接表征；用凝胶渗透色谱法（ＧＰＣ）表征产物的分子量分布。研究了反应温度、反应时间、单体用量和引发剂用量等对产物功能化率和凝胶量的影响。     

以聚阳离子三甲基烯丙基氯化铵与丙烯酰胺共聚物为基础的高分子复？…

以不同阳离子度分子量的三甲基烯丙基氯化铵及丙烯酰胺共聚物「（Ｐ（ＴＭ－ｃｏ－ＡＡｍ）」为基础与不同分子量的聚丙烯酸作用生成的相应高分子复合物，进行了结构表征，探讨了ＰＨ值，组份聚合物分子量，阳离子度等对生成复合物的影响，阐述了其形成机制及ＰＨ敏感特性。     

从聚丙烯流动曲线估算分子量分布

聚丙烯的控制降解技术由于能够带来很好的经济效益，国内外都在进行研究．其中分子量分布是一个重要数据，它对于聚丙烯的注塑、纺丝、薄膜等加工过程都有重要的影响．分子量分布一般用重均分子量Mw和数均分子量Mn之比D=Mw/Mn来表征，称为分子量分布指数．它可以     

碱金属碳酸盐催化合成酚酞环氧树脂

在碱金属碳酸盐（Ｋ＿２ＣＯ＿３，Ｎａ＿２ＣＯ＿３）／Ｈ＿２Ｏ催化下制备了低分子量酚酞环氧树脂．用ＩＲ、￣１ＨＮＭＲ表征了其分子结构，测定了树脂产物的环氧值Ｅ和数均分子风及分子量分布，讨论了单体的摩尔比，催化剂含量及水含量对产物的影响，结果表明，在实验范围内，改变酚酞与环氧氯丙烷的摩尔比（１：１０～１：４）或酚酞与催化剂的摩尔比（１：２～１：１），均可以得到低分子量酚酞环氧树脂（５００～７００）．     

以聚阳离子三甲基烯丙基氯化铵与丙烯酰胺共聚物为基础的高分子复合物的合成和表征

以不同阳离子度及分子量的三甲基烯丙基氯化铵及丙烯酰胺共聚物［Ｐ（ＴＭ ｃｏ ＡＡｍ）］为基础与不同分子量的聚丙烯酸（ＰＡＡ）作用生成相应高分子复合物，进行了结构表征，探讨了ｐＨ值、组份聚合物分子量、阳离子度等对生成复合物的影响，阐述了其形成机制及ｐＨ敏感特性．     

凝胶化反应全过程的激光光散射跟踪研究

在苯乙烯（Ｓｔ） 二乙烯苯（ＤＶＢ）自由基共聚的凝胶化反应过程中定时取样，得到凝胶化点前后及至终点的一系列样品，然后用激光光散射技术，包括研究散射光强及其角度依赖性的静态光散射（ＳＬＳ）和研究散射光频移的动态光散射（ＤＬＳ），表征了这系列样品的重均分子量Ｍｗ、均方旋转半径Ｒｇ、第二维利系数Ａ２及流体力学半径Ｒｈ等静、动态参量及这些参量的变化规律，定量地描述了凝胶化反应全过程     

碳笼烯(C_(60)/C_(70))载体钕系催化异戊二烯聚合

较系统地研究了Ｎｄ（ｎａｐｈ）３ Ｃ６０Ｘ Ａｌ（ｉ Ｂｕ）３碳笼烯钕系催化异戊二烯配位聚合的反应规律，并测定了聚合物分子量、分子量分布和微观结构．碳笼烯钕系为一均相体系．Ａｌ／Ｎｄ及Ｃｌ／Ｎｄ摩尔比对催化体系的活性、聚合物分子量都有较大的影响，活性中心的形成有很好的时间和温度的稳定性．ＰＩｐ的特性粘数［η］在２左右，分子量分布ＭＷ／Ｍｎ在３左右，均小于传统钕催化体系．ＰＩｐ的顺式含量大于９７％．     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

Acid hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose of low degree of substitution

Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position.     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。     

Estimation of Kinetic Parameters of Thermal Oxidation of Ilmenite

The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of hematite Fe₂O₃. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the best fitting experimental data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Mechanism of action of base-catalyzed oxygenation of phenol derivatives

Cyclopropyl derivative of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol is synthesized as a probe to investigate the mechanism of base-catalyzed autooxidation of phenol derivatives. Our study indicates that one electron reduction of molecular oxygen from phenolate gives phenoxyl radical 3, a key intermediate of autooxidation. The coupling of phenoxyl radical and superoxide radical gives peroxylate anion 4 and produces the final epoxy alcohol adduct 6.     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。