含偶氮苯生色团的聚合物纳米微球的制备与表征

用质子化的4-乙烯基吡啶-丙烯腈无规共聚物(P4VP+-r-AN)与偶氮苯染料酸性间胺黄(MY)在水溶液中通过静电力作用制备了一种新型的侧链偶氮复合物(P4VP-r-AN/MY). 采用FTIR, UV-Vis, DSC, TEM和HRTEM-EDS研究了溶剂对P4VP-r-AN/MY聚集形态的影响, 并初步探讨了P4VP-r-AN/MY聚集体的形成过程及转变机理. 结果表明, P4VP-r-AN/MY在水溶液中聚集形成尺寸为10~250 nm的球形聚集体; 在DMF中, 球形聚集体解聚, 形成较为均匀的薄膜结构; 而向P4VP-r-AN/MY的N,N′-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中逐渐增加水的含量, P4VP-r-AN/MY又会重新聚集, 当含水量达到质量分数为62.5%时, P4VP-r-AN/MY聚集形成尺寸为30~200 nm的空心纳米球. 溶剂的组成(水和DMF的质量比)对P4VP-r-AN/MY聚集体形态起着至关重要的作用.     

无卤阻燃丙烯腈共聚物的制备及性能

以K₂S₂O₈-NaHSO₃ 氧化还原体系为引发剂, 采用水相沉淀自由基聚合法合成丙烯腈(AN)-醋酸乙烯酯(VAc)无规共聚物[P(AN-co-VAc)], 然后在KOH水溶液中进行P(AN-co-VAc)中VAc单元的选择性水解, 再与磷酸和尿素进行磷酰化反应, 制备无卤阻燃丙烯腈共聚物. 用核磁共振氢谱(¹H NMR)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、差示扫描量热(DSC)和热重分析(TGA)对聚合物结构及热性能进行表征, 用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)测定了P(AN-co-VAc)的分子量及其分布, 并利用FTIR和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对无卤阻燃丙烯腈共聚物的炭残渣进行分析. 结果表明, VAc与AN发生共聚反应, 制得了P(AN-co-VAc), 随着KOH水溶液pH值的增大, P(AN-co-VAc)中VAc单元迅速水解; DSC分析结果表明, 随着共聚物中VAc单元含量的增大, 共聚物的环化放热分解峰值温度(T_p)增大, 当VAc单元的质量分数为25%时, T_p最大值高达328 ℃, 而阻燃丙烯腈共聚物的T_p高达340 ℃; TGA分析结果表明, 阻燃共聚物在800 ℃时的炭残渣量高达55%以上, 远高于P(AN-co-VAc)的41%, 具有良好的成炭性; 炭残渣的FTIR及SEM结果表明, 阻燃丙烯腈共聚物的阻燃属于凝聚相阻燃.     

蒽基修饰的新型铂基大环化合物的合成

以3,5-二溴苯甲醚为起始原料,通过Suzuki偶联反应制得3,5-二吡啶苯甲醚(3); 3经三溴化硼脱保护得到3,5-二吡啶苯酚(4); 4进一步发生亲核取代反应得到化合物5;化合物6与5组装得到新型铂基超分子大环,其结构经¹H NMR和³¹P NMR表征。     

苯乙烯-N-苯基马来酰亚胺-马来酸酐三元共聚物的合成与性能

以过氧化对苯二甲酸二叔丁酯为引发剂, 以一次投料方式, 采用溶液聚合法合成了苯乙烯-N-苯基马来酰亚胺-马来酸酐三元共聚物. 通过控制单体配比, 实现产物中N-苯基马来酰亚胺质量分数在48%~63%之间可调. 采用FTIR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和GPC技术对三元共聚物的化学组成、链序列结构和分子量进行了测试. 利用FOX方程计算的共聚物NPMI含量与¹H NMR核磁测试结果一致. DSC和TGA测试的结果表明, 当N-苯基马来酰亚胺质量分数>48%时, 共聚物的玻璃化转变温度(T_g)从202 ℃提高到215 ℃, 5%热失重温度高于363 ℃, 所以三元聚合物是一种优异的聚合物耐热剂.     

双敏感性环糊精超分子聚集体的制备及其性能研究

利用光敏感性环糊精衍生物与温度敏感性聚合物主客体间的包结络合作用制备了具有光/温度双敏感性的环糊精超分子聚集体. 首先制备了主体分子光敏感性4-羟基肉桂酸-β-环糊精(4HCA-CD); 再以末端带金刚烷基团(AD)的三硫酯作为链转移剂, 用可逆加成-断裂链转移自由基聚合(RAFT)法制备温度敏感性双臂聚合物AD-PNIPAM-AD; 用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振氢谱(¹H NMR)证明了化合物的结构. 利用β-CD的疏水空腔和AD之间的络合性能, 制备了4HCA-CD/AD-PNIPAM-AD双敏感性超分子复合物, 通过二维核磁(2D NMR)对其包结性能进行了探究, 结果证实金刚烷包结于环糊精的空腔中. 所得4HCA-CD/AD-PNIPAM-AD复合物具有光敏感性, 用紫外光照射后, 复合物的分子量增大近一倍. 而且, 4HCA-CD/AD-PNIPAM-AD复合物可以自组装形成超分子聚集体, 其粒径随温度的升降发生可逆的减小或增大.     

中间嵌段为亲水性的BAB型三嵌段共聚物水溶液中初级聚集体的二次聚集行为研究

采用TEM和AFM研究了PS(聚苯乙烯)₄₃-b-PEO(聚氧乙烯)₄₅-b-PS₄₃和PS₃₉-b-P4VP(聚4-乙烯基吡啶)₉₈-b-PS₃₉三嵌段共聚物在水介质中的球形胶束、囊泡和蠕虫状胶束之间的二次聚集行为.实验发现,初级聚集体的二次聚集具有不同的复杂程度.对称性的初级聚集体,如球形胶束和囊泡,其二次聚集表现出球形对称性;而非对称性初级聚集体(如蠕虫状胶束)二次聚集开始倾向于非对称性.BAB型的嵌段设计有利于初级聚集体的二次聚集发生.     

短链支化聚乙烯的合成与表征

合成了两类结构明确的乙烯共聚物, 通过FTIR, GPC, ¹H NMR和¹³C NMR表征了产物的分子结构, 分别研究了分子量和短链支化含量对两类共聚物结晶性能的影响. 采用阴离子聚合制备分子量(M_w)20000~110000、分子量分布为1.1的1,2-结构摩尔分数为7%左右的聚丁二烯. 加氢反应后得到乙烯/1-丁烯模型共聚物的熔点和结晶度随着分子量的增加而下降. 采用茂金属催化剂Et[Ind]₂ZrCl₂催化乙烯与1-己烯共聚合, 制备分子量为100000左右, 共聚单体摩尔分数为0~5.5%的乙烯/1-己烯共聚物, DSC结果表明其熔点和结晶度随着共聚物中1-己烯含量的升高而降低.     

pH/葡萄糖双重响应含苯硼酸两亲嵌段共聚物的RAFT合成及自组装行为

采用可逆加成-断裂链转移聚合法(RAFT)制得PNIPAM-macroCTA大分子引发剂(2); 2与苯硼酸（PBA）衍生物单体（3）直接共聚合成了含苯硼酸的嵌段共聚物PNIPAM-b-PPBA(4),其结构经¹H NMR和GPC确证。采用¹H NMR和动态光散射(DLS)对4在溶液中的自组装行为进行了研究。结果表明：4具有pH和糖双重响应性，可形成以PPBA为核，PNIPAM为壳的胶束。     

不同亲疏水比例的光响应性嵌段共聚物的合成及溶液组装行为研究

以末端带有二硫代酯基团的聚合物PhC（=S）-S-PEO作为大分子链转移剂,利用可逆加成-断裂链转移自由基聚合法（RAFT）合成一系列亲疏水比例不同的嵌段共聚物PEO_n-b-PMeA6AB2_m,并采用核磁共振（¹H NMR）和凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）对产物进行了表征. 运用场发射透射电子显微镜（FETEM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）、光学显微镜、粒径分析仪和荧光光谱研究了聚集体的形貌、粒径及其在光刺激下的响应行为. 结果表明,聚集体形态为胶束,包含大复合胶束. 随着自组装初始浓度的降低、转速的增加,聚集体尺寸降低,分布趋于均一;当亲疏水比例为2.3时,球形复合胶束中出现了花生型、棒状结构. 包覆有尼罗红的聚集体在紫外/可见光的循环照射下,部分尼罗红被释放. 共聚物BCP-S3-0.82形成的自组装体系在紫外光照射下,尺寸较大的复合胶束发生一定程度的不可逆的解离.     

基于P4VP-b-PBzMA嵌段聚合物在乙醇中的聚合诱导自组装

聚合诱导自组装是一种基于活性聚合的新型自组装策略,其特点是可以在较高固含量体系中一步制备不同形貌的聚集体结构.利用可逆加成-断裂链转移聚合(RAFT)活性聚合,在乙醇溶液中合成新型P4VP-b-PBz MA嵌段共聚物,发现聚合诱导自组装过程中聚集体结构发生球→蠕虫→囊泡的连续转变.亲溶剂链段P4VP的变化可有效调控聚集体的结构和尺寸.此外,采用无规共聚方法,研究了P4VP-b-(PHPMA-co-PBz MA)三嵌段共聚物在聚合诱导自组装过程中组装体结构的转变过程.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.