随机DEDS可靠性分析和预测的统一模型体系

本文以统一的概率型有限自动机（Probabilistic Finite Automata,PFA)模型为基础,通过将人工神经网络,全局分枝一约界算法和自适应重要抽样算法相结合,建立了随机DEDS可靠性分析和预测的统一模型体系,对该体系的普适性和有效性进行了系统的证。     

有限自动机产生的语言的度量熵

有限自动机理论在动力系统演化复杂性等方面有很大应用。本文讨论了有限自动机产生的语言的度量熵问题。给出了非常简洁的表达式。     

城市道路交通问题与交通流模型

分析了目前城市道路交通存在的严重问题．从连续性描述、统计描述、离散描述3种研究方式,综述了交通流流体力学模型、气体动力论模型、跟驰和元胞自动机模型的研究进展,分析了主要交通流模型的建模思想、动力学方程(或演化规则)以及研究方法,展望了今后交通流模型的发展趋势．     

管系内一维可压缩流动数值建模与特性分析

针对复杂管系内可压缩流体,基于有限体积法,采用HLLC(Harten-Lax-vanLeerContact)格式和黎曼求解器构建了有限控制体数值离散方法,引入虚拟节点用于连接有限控制体,借助虚拟节点给出控制体之间数值通量的计算格式,发展了一种管道内一维流动数值建模方法。针对含有分支管路的管系,在管道连接部位构建了分支管路拟一维流动数值计算模型。基于所发展的一维流动数值方法,建立了变径管道和含60°分支管道内流动计算模型,验证了该方法的收敛性和有效性;基于虚拟节点的数值格式处理变径管激波问题具有一定精度优势。研究了变径管和分支管模型中可压缩流体激波、稀疏波等的传播机理,分析了管径对相邻支管压力的影响,为工程管路设计提供了参考。     

双剪统一弹塑性有限差分方法研究

基于拉格朗日有限差分方法,建立了双剪统一弹塑性有限差分计算格式,并利用VC++语言编写动态链接库文件将双剪统一弹塑性模型导入拉格朗日有限差分程序FLAC(Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua)中进行计算分析。双剪统一弹塑性有限差分方法可以模拟复杂应力状态下结构的渐进破坏,无需形成刚度矩阵,对于材料非线性问题无需进行迭代计算,因此在理论和工程应用中都有积极的意义。本文利用双剪统一弹塑性有限差分方法对拉压强度不等材料的厚壁圆筒受内压、中心带孔板条受拉压、条形基础下的地基极限分析及边坡问题进行了数值分析并与滑移线场等解析方法计算结果进行对比,结果均吻合较好。     

EFP对有限厚靶板侵彻过程及后效研究

描述了爆炸成型弹丸(explosive formed projectile,EFP)对有限厚靶板的侵彻过程,建立了计算EFP对有限厚靶板侵彻过程参数的一维分析模型。基于该模型编制了程序代码,对EFP侵彻有限厚靶板的后效参量及极限穿透速度进行了计算,并和试验结果进行了比较。证明该模型能较准确地对EFP侵彻有限厚靶板后效参量进行计算。     

光滑边域连续-非连续细胞自动机在裂纹开裂扩展中的应用

针对岩石裂纹开裂扩展问题，将应变光滑技术与连续-非连续细胞自动机方法相结合，构建了非连续裂纹贯穿单元和裂纹尖端单元光滑应变场，提出快速自适应光滑边域连续-非连续细胞自动机方法.构建了裂纹面位移非连续精细表征的非连续增强形函数，建立了裂纹贯穿单元和裂纹尖端单元的光滑应变矩阵求解方法，利用高斯散度定理将单元的区域积分转换为光滑域边界线积分，推导给出了光滑边域连续-非连续细胞自动机应变矩阵计算表达式，并提出了快速自适应更新方法，建立了加速因子随元胞更新而同步更新的自适应加速算法，基于此，最佳加速因子随更新自动获得，收敛速度较传统细胞自动机方法得到极大提高.利用C++编制了分析计算程序，针对多裂纹开裂扩展过程进行了模拟，并与扩展有限元进行了比较.研究发现，光滑边域连续-非连续细胞自动机方法在解的精确性、稳定性和收敛性上较扩展有限元有显著优势.     

基于神经网络的核电厂设备易损性分析

核电结构的易损性分析是核电厂地震安全评估中至关重要的一环, 但是由于核电结构的复杂性以及考虑土?结相互作用SSI时较大的计算规模, 使得计算核电厂设备易损性曲线十分耗时. 为发展高效的核电厂设备易损性分析方法, 本文采用核电结构土?结相互作用分析的分区计算方法, 并利用有限的SSI分析结果建立神经元模型ANN代替有限元模型, 分别基于对数正态假定的回归法和蒙特卡洛法进行了设备易损性分析. ANN数值模拟包括了以下内容: (1)基于半偏相关系数选择最相关的地震动参数作为ANN输入, 并通过交叉检验建立神经元模型; (2)量化研究ANN数值模拟的预测不确定性, 其中包含了由于简化地震动输入引起的随机不确定性和训练样本缺失引起的认知不确定性; (3)基于ANN模型预测结果分别采用蒙特卡洛法和基于对数正态假定的回归法进行设备的易损性分析. 本文探讨了不同的地震强度指标以及土层材料的不确定性对易损性曲线的影响, 同时验证了回归法中对数正态模型假定的基本合理性, 为核电厂设备易损性分析提供了一种可能方向.      

非港湾式公交车站站点设置的研究

研究了在同一路段上非港湾式公交车站站点的分散式和集中式设置对道路 交通的影响. 在元胞自动机交通流NaSch模型上, 提出了考虑公交车站站点分散式和集中式 设置的双车道元胞自动机交通流模型, 通过计算机模拟和理论分析, 结果表明: 在开放边界条件下, 分散式公交车站点与集中式公交车站点相比, 影响道路交通通行能力作用显著的减小; 公交车站点之间的间隔、站台的长度、公交车停靠时间以及车流中公交车的比例对交通 流量有显著的影响.     

K-S函数集成局部性能约束的结构拓扑优化二阶逼近解法

应用K-S (Kreisselmeier–Steinhauser)函数,对结构拓扑优化问题中的局部性能如应力、疲劳寿命等进行集成然后求解。首先针对互逆规划的单目标多约束模型（称为s方模型）及多目标单约束模型（称为m方模型）,应用结构拓扑优化ICM方法,分别建立了基于K-S函数集成处理的优化模型,推导了集成化的约束（对s方模型）或目标（对m方模型）函数的一阶及二阶导数,采用序列二次规划模型对所建立的优化模型进行迭代求解,依据K-T条件给出了二次规划模型的迭代求解公式。然后基于K-S函数阐述了s方模型的集成迭代解法,亦即集成方法。最后,阐述了基于K-S函数的s方模型和m方模型交替融合的迭代解法,亦即集成-集成方法。结果表明集成-集成方法比单纯的集成方法收敛更快。     

An improved technique for solving two‐dimensional shallow water problems

A numerical model for solving the 2D shallow water equations is proposed herewith. This model is based on a finite volume technique in a generalized co‐ordinate system, coupled with a semi‐implicit splitting algorithm in which a Helmholtz equation is used for the surface elevation. Several benchmark problems have proven the good accuracy of this method in complex geometries. Nevertheless, several numerical perturbations were noted in the surface elevation. After finding the origin, a new numerical technique is suggested, to avoid these perturbations. Several severe tests are proposed to validate this technique. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

THE REMAINDER－EFFECT ANALYSIS OF FINITE DIFFERENCE SCHEMES AND THE APPLICATIONS

ＴＨＥＲＥＭＡＩＮＤＥＲ－ＥＦＦＥＣＴＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＯＦＦＩＮＩＴＥＤＩＦＦＥＲＥＮＣＥＳＣＨＥＭＥＳＡＮＤＴＨＥＡＰＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＳＬｉｕＲｕ－ｘｕｎ（刘儒勋）ＺｈｏｕＺｈａｏ－ｈｕｉ（周朝晖）（Ｄｅｐｔ．ｏｆＭａｔｈ．Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏ...     

Constitutive computational modelling foundation of piezoelectronic microstructures and application to high-frequency microchip DSAW resonators

This paper establishes a piezoelectric constitutive computational approach based on generalized eigenvalue and multivariable finite element solutions with potential applications to accurate and effective analysis of layered piezoelectric microstructures of arbitrary geometries and different anisotropic materials, to ease the limitation of current computer capacity in analyzing large-scale high-frequency disturbed surface acoustic waves (DSAW) by mounted electrodes in piezoelectric devices such as microchip SAW resonators. A new incompatible generalized hybrid/mixed element GQM5 is also proposed for improving predictions of the piezoelectric surface mount thermal stresses that are shear-dominated. The (generalized) plane strain constitutive model is numerically verified for piezoelectric finite element computation. With the help of computational piezoelectricity (electro-mechanics) for general layered structures with metal electrodes and anisotropic piezoelectric substrates, some new interesting, reliable and fundamental constitutive finite element results are obtained for high-frequency piezoelectric and mechanical SAW propagations and can be used for further applications. The ST-cut FEA results agree quite well with available exact and lab solutions for free surface case. The project supported by SRF for ROCS, SEM of China, the past Rutgers Univer-Seiko Epson Joint Fund and Zhejiang Provincial NSF     

结构振动的滑模变结构半主动控制

研究应用磁流变阻尼器(MRD)对结构振动半主动控制的算法和原理。研制并对磁流变阻尼器进行了阻尼特性实验，采用非线性滞回双粘性模型描述磁流变阻尼器的阻尼特性，模型结果与实验结果非常一致。采用滑模控制算法和趋近律方法设计了半主动控制器。利用滑模控制方法所建立的控制器，本文给出了地震激励下结构振动半主动控制算例。计算分析表明，半主动滑模控制具有控制效果明显、鲁棒性好等优点，是一种非常有发展前途的控制方法。     

A precise singular finite element for crack analysis

The multi-variable finite element algorithm based on the generalized Galerkin’smethod is more flexible to establish a finite element model in the continuum mechanies.Byusing this algorithm and numerical tests a new singular finite element for elasto-plasticfracture analysis has been formulated.The results of numerical tests show that the newelement possesses high accuracy and good performance.Some rules for formulating amulti-variable singular finite element are also discussed in this paper.     

基于微态方法的耦合韧性损伤的弹塑性本构模型

基于广义连续介质力学提出了一个热力学一致性的耦合微态韧性损伤的弹塑性本构模型。该模型遵循Forest的微态方法,在有限变形中提出引入额外的微态损伤因子及其一阶梯度以考虑材料的内部特征尺度。通过广义虚功原理得到了微态损伤的补充控制方程,对亥姆霍兹自由能进行扩展,得到了新的包含微态损伤变量的损伤能量释放率,在微态损伤的正则化作用下,采用隐式迭代更新局部损伤和应力等状态变量。基于Galerkin加权余量法,推导了以传统位移和微态损伤为基本未知量的有限元列式。利用该数值模型,对DP1000材料的单向拉伸实验和十字形零件的冲压实验进行了应变局部化与材料断裂的有限元分析。结果表明,该微态弹塑性损伤模型可以得到一致的有限元模拟响应曲线并收敛到实验曲线,从而避免发生网格依赖性问题。     

Numerical Analysis of Structural Systems Subjected to Non-Gaussian Random Fields

This paper deals with the stochastic response of structures loaded by non-Gaussian random fields. A finite element model is used to describe a cantilever beam assuming both linear and non-linear behavior. The cross-correlated stochastic field is generated by a numerical procedure based on the translation processes theory. The marginal distribution of the load is assumed to be lognormal and the correlation structure is based on the second-order Markov process. The statistical analysis of the results highlights the effects of the involved non-linearity and non-Gaussianity properties on the structures response.     

An unconditionally stable semi‐Lagrangian method for the spherical atmospherical shallow water equations

A semi‐implicit, semi‐Lagrangian, mixed finite difference–finite volume model for the shallow water equations on a rotating sphere is introduced and discussed. Its main features are the vectorial treatment of the momentum equation and the finite volume approach for the continuity equation. Pressure and Coriolis terms in the momentum equation and velocity in the continuity equation are treated semi‐implicitly. Moreover, a splitting technique is introduced to preserve symmetry of the numerical scheme. An alternative asymmetric scheme (without splitting) is also introduced and the efficiency of both is discussed. The model is shown to be conservative in geopotential height and unconditionally stable for 0.5≤θ≤1. Numerical experiments on two standard test problems confirm the performance of the model. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A combined upper-bound and elastic-plastic finite element solution for a fastener hole subjected to internal torsion

Fastener holes used in the mechanical joints are vulnerable to failure due to development of stress concentration at their edges. Inducing compressive residual stresses by different techniques has been the most common method to reinforce the holes to date. In this work, a new reinforcement technique called internal torsion, which can be classified as a localized severe plastic deformation process, is proposed as an alternative to the cold expansion pre-stressing. A special specimen is designed to represent the behavior of a typical fastener hole during the internal torsion process. The deformation of the specimen in the vicinity of its hole surface is studied by introducing a parametric kinematically admissible velocity field (PKAVF) within the deformation affected zone (DAZ). Calibration of the parameters in relation to the deformation of the material during the process is done by an elastic-plastic finite element solution that was performed in ABAQUS for a specimen made of interstitial free (IF) steel. Numerical analysis of the deformation is carried out to understand the process and to estimate the optimum process parameters. Subsequently, the calibrated model is used in an upper-bound solution of the problem to estimate the torque–twist response of the specimen during internal torsion. Finally, the results of upper-bound solution are compared with those of finite element analysis. There is a good agreement between the upper-bound solution and finite element results, which verifies validity of the calibrated velocity field model and the upper-bound solution based on the model for the internal torsion problem.