利用电泳法在金属基底上制备MgB2超导厚膜

利用电泳技术在高熔点金属基底Ta,Mo和W上制备MgB2 超导厚膜 .厚膜中的MgB2 晶粒结合紧密 ,粒度小于1μm ,呈随机取向生长 .电阻测量表明沉积在Ta ,Mo,W上的MgB2 厚膜的超导起始转变温度分别为 3 6.5K ,3 4.8K ,3 3 .4K ,对应的转变宽度为 0 .3K ,1.5K和 2 .0K .三种基底上制备的MgB2 厚膜的临界电流密度在不同温度下随外磁场的变化情况基本相同 ,MgB2 Mo厚膜的临界电流密度在 5K ,1T时可达 1.2× 10 5A cm2 .本工艺可以随意控制膜的厚度、形状、大小 ,也可进行双面沉积 ,且制备出的MgB2 厚膜的超导性能优良 ,为MgB2 超导体的实用化提供了可能     

MgB_2带材的超导电性与制备温度的关系

报导了利用电泳技术在不锈钢基底上制备 Mg B2 超导带材。采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、电测量和磁测量技术 ,分别研究了后退火温度对带材表面形貌、晶体结构、超导转变温度和临界电流密度的影响。结果表明 ,随着后退火温度的升高 ,Mg B2 带材的结晶情况逐渐变好 ,超导转变温度升高、转变宽度变窄。 90 0℃下制备的带材的临界电流密度为 6× 10 5A/ cm2 (5 K,0 T)。     

非铁磁性管套法硼化镁带材的基本物理特性

采用粉末管套法,在不锈钢、铜和铝非铁磁性金属管套中制备了MgB2超导带材。电阻温度特性测量表明,以不锈钢管为包套制备的MgB2超导带材具备较好的电输运性能:临界转变温度最高(Tc=33.7K)、转变宽度最窄(零电阻转变ΔTc=1.2K,完全抗磁转变Tm=1.9K)。XRD测量显示,三种管套都能够使MgB2良好成相,MgB2和MgO相的相含量比例R(SS、Cu、A l)分别为7.15、2.45、3.77,样品中MgO相应该是Mg和管套中残余的氧反应的结果,铜管和铝管中还分别检测到了Cu2Mg和A l3Mg2相。对不锈钢管套MgB2带材的热导率测量显示,在超导转变温度以下热输运能力单调下降,满足多晶导体内热运动随温度变化的理论结果。     

化学气相沉积制备MgB2超导薄膜

本文报道了利用化学气相沉积技术制备MgB2超导薄膜.首先在MgO(111)基片上化学气相沉积一层B膜,然后在Mg蒸气环境下对B膜进行后退火处理.退火后得到的MgB2薄膜在MgO(111)基片上呈随即取向生长,Mg、B原子比接近于1∶2.4;薄膜表面光滑致密,晶粒粒度约为0.5μm.电阻测量和直流磁测量表明薄膜超导转变温度为38K,转变宽度仅为0.1K.毕恩公式计算结果显示MgB2薄膜的临界电流密度在0T、10K时高达2×107A/cm2.     

制备温度对MgB-2薄膜超导电性的影响

报道了用两步法制备MgB2超导薄膜.首先利用脉冲激光沉积技术制备B膜,然后在Mg蒸气环境下对B膜进行后退火处理,通过扩散反应生成MgB2超导薄膜.采用扫描电子显微镜、x射线衍射、电阻测量和磁测量技术分析了前驱物B膜的制备温度对扩散产物MgB2薄膜的表面形貌、晶体结构、超导转变温度和临界电流密度的影响.结果表明,随着B膜制备温度的降低,MgB2薄膜中晶粒粒度减小、c取向的衍射线宽化、超导转变温度升高、临界电流密度增大.300℃时制备的MgB2超导薄膜的超导起始转变温度为395K,临界电流密度为13×107A 关键词： MgB2超导薄膜 脉冲激光沉积 基片温度     

基于碳化硼复相MgB2超导体制备及特性

以廉价的B4C粉和Mg粉为原料,用真空固相反应法成功制备了复相MgB2-B4C超导材料,通过X-射线和扫描电子显微镜分析了样品的成相和织构,除MgB2、B4C和MgB2C2外样品中未明显检测到其它杂相,其中MgB2相含量高达87.7%.电阻-温度特性测量表明,所制备的样品零电阻温度Tc(0)=31.5 K,转变宽度(T...     

c轴取向SiC衬底MgB_2超导厚膜的制备及性质

通过混合物理化学气相沉积法(Hybrid Physical-chemical Vapor Deposition,简称HPCVD),我们在SiC衬底上制备出了c取向8μm厚的MgB2超导厚膜.电性质测量表明其起始超导转变温度是41.4K,转变宽度为0.5K,剩余电阻比率RRR～7.磁性质测量表明5K和零场下样品的临界电流密度达到了1.7×106A/cm2.     

适用于电阻型超导限流器的超导带材选取与实验研究

电阻型超导限流器主要利用超导带材在失超后的电阻抑制故障电流值,目前一般采用不锈钢加强的ReBCO超导材料。由于涂层导体的银、铜稳定层对其电阻率的影响较大,尤其在低温段的影响尤为显著,成为影响超导带材在电流冲击后响应过程的主要因素。实验表明,超导带材可承载的冲击电流幅值随持续时间延长而迅速降低,不锈钢加强层厚度的增大有利于超导带材耐冲击电流水平的增加。因此,交流超导限流器应适当选用加强层较厚的超导带材,而直流超导限流器应选择具有铜稳定层及适当减小不锈钢加强层厚度的超导带材。     

MgB_2超导体块材的高压合成

利用高压烧结的方法成功地合成出块状MgB2 超导体。所获得的样品具有良好的单相性。低温磁性测量实验和电阻测量实验均表明样品具有高于 39K的超导转变温度。实验结果表明 ,高压合成是制备和研究MgB2 新型金属间化合物超导体的一种非常有效的手段     

MgB2超导体块材的高压合成

利用高压烧结的方法成功地合成出块MgB2超导体。所获得的样品具有良好的单相性,低温磁场测量实验和电阻测量实验均表明样品具有高于39K的超导转变温度。实验结果表明,高压合成是制备和研究MgB2新型金属间化合物超导体的一种非常有效的手段。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.