弹性管束汽－水换热器强化传热试验研究

本文设计了一种新的传热元件－弹性管束,它对管内外流体流动具有良好的振动响应特性。利用传热表面振动提高管外对流换热系数的同时,利用振动变形减少积垢,降低污垢热阻,实现了复合强化传热。在汽水换热条件下,对流作诱导振动强化传热规律进行了试验研究,得到了管外对流换热的准则方程式。     

基于降低污垢热阻的复合强化传热研究

复合强化传热的换热系数的增加通常要比单独使用其中的任何一种技术高,但过分增长的污垢热阻会轻而易举地将对流换热系数提高的效果加以抵消。将振动看作不仅仅意味着噪声与元件损坏的能量表达方式,就有可能利用流体诱导的传热元件振动扰动水流,提高对流换热系数;同时,用振动变形清除传热表面积垢,降低污垢热阻,从而形成一种复合强化传热的新方法。     

大颗粒流化床水平埋管在不同位置的传热实验与分析

本文实验研究了常温常压下大颗粒流化床密相水平单管的周向平均换热系数随流速变化的规律及埋管的水平位置对传热的影响;建立了换热系数随流速变化的分区模型;分析了各阶段不同的换热规律并给出了相应的计算公式。     

小管径超临界流体传热恶化特性研究

根据IAPWS公布的IF97临界区比容反推方程重新拟合了超临界区域水的拟临界温度计算公式,进一步提高临界区的水和蒸汽物性计算精度。对水平小管径内超临界水的传热恶化特性进行了实验探究,实验结果表明:当平均流体温度小于拟临界温度时,换热系数出现峰值。平均流体与近壁流体的黏度比达到最大值,换热系数达到峰值;密度比达到最大值,传热恶化已经发生,管内进入拟汽相换热区或发生层流化现象。随着热流密度的增大,换热系数峰值越低;换热系数峰值和传热发生恶化的位置都向低焓值区偏移。     

大颗粒流化床与水平埋管的局部换热研究

本文给出了常温流化床中水平埋管的周向局部及平均换热系数的实验结果.结果表明,大颗粒床中水平埋管的局部换热系数分布及其随流化速度的变化规律与小颗粒床完全不同.大颗粒床中埋管周向换热系数分布呈“桃形”,后缘换热低于前缘.文中还给出局部换热随流化速度变化的规律.从大颗粒流化床的传热机理和动力学过程对流化床中水平埋管的局部换热进行了探讨.     

流体诱导振动复合强化传热的理论分析

本文提出了流体诱导振动复合强化传热新方法并进行了理论分析，尽管人们一直将流体诱导振动看作是一种事故而加以预防，但流体诱导振动有效利用的空间依然很大。流体诱导的弹性管束面内和面外振动，在提高对流换热系数的同时降低污垢热阻，使传热效果显著增强。     

并联换热系统中冷媒分配的优化分析

为减小并联换热系统的质量,本文在一定的简化和假设之上,建立了其流动与传热的物理和数学模型;并以系统总换热面积最小为优化目标,通过对分配系数的变量转换,提出了一种可准确求解最佳分配系数的方法,并对计算结果进行了讨论,发现分配系数的结果与势容耗散最大基本一致.根据计算结果.本文给出了支路较少时分配系数与换热支路效能之间的近似关联式.     

基于变传质强度因子Lee模型的流动沸腾模拟

本文基于不同流速下变传质强度因子的Lee模型,对低热通量下上升管内流动沸腾进行了数值模拟。通过分析气相分布、局部气泡行为解释了沸腾换热特性和局部传热恶化。结果表明：低热通量下,不同流速的平均气体体积分数沿管长线性分布,沿径向呈双峰状分布,峰值在壁面附近;高流速时,近壁处气体体积分数的增长速率最大。换热性能受流速影响显著,流速越大,换热系数越大;三种流速下换热系数最小值对应的气体体积分数相同,气相分布不同是换热特性产生差异的直接原因。低中流速下,壁温局部升高位置与换热系数骤降位置是一致的,表明壁面附近局部气泡附着会造成壁温的局部升高,导致传热恶化。     

CPU散热器换热特性的实验研究

本文对两种不同类型的CPU散热器,整体平直翅片与分段式的平直翅片,在不同加热功率、不同流速下的强迫风冷的传热性能进行了实验研究,得出换热系数主要和来流速度有关,而与加热功率关系不大的结论,并将二者的换热性能进行了对比。结果表明,翅片2的换热系数随流速的变化更强烈,在其他相同条件下,其换热系数甚至可以达到翅片1的两倍。     

熔融盐(LiNO3)强制对流换热实验

由于熔融盐使用温度高、热稳定性和传热性能好,被认为是太阳能塔式发电系统和新一代槽式发电系统中最有前途的传热蓄热介质之一.本文通过搭建高温熔融盐传热试验台,成功实现了 LiNO3熔融盐与导热油的强制对流换热试验循环,得到了总的对流换热系数,初步得到了在旺盛紊流区熔融LiNO3在不同雷诺数下对应的努塞尔数.     

CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER TO ROTATING DISKS WITH RIBBED SURFACES

Local heat transfer to a rotating disk in the presence of an imposed axial flow has been studied using thermochromic liquid crystals and the transient heating technique. Preliminary measurements were made for a smooth disk, for which the experimental data encompassed the laminar boundary layer, the transitional zone, and the beginning of the turbulent region. Measurements were then made for arrangements in which a circular trip wire installed concentrically on the disk was used to disturb the boundary layer. The main topic of the investigation concerned convective heat transfer to disks with concentric circular ribs of a rectangular cross section. Three roughness configurations have been investigated, and the results have been compared with data for a smooth disk. The ribs caused an early transition from laminar flow to turbulent flow. Otherwise the augmentation of heat transfer by the circular ribs was rather modest, except with high axial flows and low rotational speeds, when the velocities across the ribs would have been of a similar order of magnitude to the tangential velocities between the ribs.     

矩形通道内层流对流换热的最优速度场

针对矩形通道内的层流对流换热问题,通过数值求解速度场协同方程,得到了给定黏性耗散条件下通道内的最优速度场为多纵向涡的流动结构,表明多纵向涡流型可在流阻增加不多的情况下使换热显著强化.通过在通道壁面布置不连续双斜肋,在通道内产生了接近于最优速度场的多纵向涡流动,数值计算结果表明,在Re=1000时,与光滑通道相比,不连续...     

The numerical investigation of heat transfer and pressure drop of turbulent flow in a triangular microchannel

In this presentation, the flow and heat transfer inside a microchannel with a triangular section, have been numerically simulated. In this three-dimensional simulation, the flow has been considered turbulent. In order to increase the heat transfer of the channel walls, the semi-truncated and semi-attached ribs have been placed inside the channel and the effect of forms and numbers of ribs has been studied. In this research, the base fluid is Water and the effect of volume fraction of Al₂O₃ nanoparticles on the amount of heat transfer and physics of flow have been investigated. The presented results are including of the distribution of Nusselt number in the channel, friction coefficient and Performance Evaluation Criterion of each different arrangement. The results indicate that, the ribs affect the physics of flow and their influence is absolutely related to Reynolds number of flow. Also, the investigation of the used semi-truncated and semi-attached ribs in Reynolds number indicates that, although heat transfer increases, but more pressure drop arises. Therefore, in this method, in order to improve the heat transfer from the walls of microchannel on the constant heat flux, using the pump is demanded.     

基于CFD 方法的TBM 模块第一壁水力学分析

基于计算流体动力学(CFD)方法,结合首个完整的模块系统对第一壁以及与其相连接的两个隔板结构进行了热工水力分析,包括压力分析、流速分析、流量分配分析、对流换热系数分析。给出了所有分析的计算结果。同时将数值模拟计算得到的对流换热系数与相关经验公式推导得到的结果进行了比较,基本一致。     

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基于计算流体动力学(CFD)方法,结合首个完整的模块系统对第一壁以及与其相连接的两个隔板结构进行了热工水力分析,包括压力分析、流速分析、流量分配分析、对流换热系数分析。给出了所有分析的计算结果。同时将数值模拟计算得到的对流换热系数与相关经验公式推导得到的结果进行了比较,基本一致。     

Turbulent mixing of small-obstacle-induced perturbations with the separated shear layer behind a backward-facing step

In the present paper, we consider one of the most efficient and simple methods to additionally intensify the exchange processes and heat transfer in the separated flow behind a backward-facing step. The method uses small obstacles installed upstream the step; such obstacle act as turbulators smaller in size than the main obstacle. As the turbulators, solid mini ribs, comb ribbings, and wall-detached mini ribs were used. Intensification of the turbulent mixing process behind the main obstacle occurs due to the introduction of small-obstacle-induced 2D and 3D perturbations into the separated shear layer behind the step. Results of a detailed experimental study of the distributions of pressure and heat transfer for different heights of the small intensifier and its positions with respect to the step are reported. The influence of intensifier shape on the thermal and dynamic characteristics of the flow has been analyzed. The distributions of pressure and heat-transfer coefficients were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the various mini obstacles and the limits of their action on the drag and heat transfer.     

Experimental Investigation of Local Heat Transfer in a Square Duct With Continuous and Truncated Ribs

In the present study, the turbulent heat transfer and fiction in a square duct roughened by continuous and truncated ribs on one wall has been investigated experimentally. The ribs are oriented transversely to the main stream in a periodic arrangement. For both cases, the rib height-to-hydraulic diameter ratio is 0.15, the rib pitch-to-height ratio is fixed at 12, and the Reynolds number varies from 8,000–20,000. Liquid crystal thermography is applied to demonstrate detailed distribution of heat transfer coefficient between a pair of ribs. The results show that the horseshoe vortices produced by truncated ribs are quite different from the flow structures altered by continuous ribs. It is noted that continuous ribs give higher heat transfer augmentation and pressure drop than truncated ribs. Moreover, the truncated ribs cannot be employed to eliminate hot spots which occur in the corresponding continuous types.     

扰流元诱发的二次流及其在强化传热中的应用

1前言通常所谓“茶杯效应”的二次流（即茶叶在搅拌的杯中聚集在杯中心）是一种常见的流动现象。在对流热传递过程中，常可激励传热的增强。在传热表面布置扰流结构是对流换热的无源强化技术经常采用的方式。传统的展向二维连续肋扰流元通过破坏边界层发展，减小粘性底层厚度，从而减小传热热阻。这种扰流结构所诱发的扰动是二维的，其传热强化的程度有限并且在助前、后缘附近出现回流区。流体的滞留明显消弱了回流区内的传热速率，甚至导致壁面出现局部“热点”。进一步研究发现将连续肋倾斜布置以引入展向二次流可使扰流元对流体产生三维…     

Experimental and numerical study of swirling subcooled flow boiling of water in a vertical annulus

In this paper, the effect of making swirling flow inside an annulus on the subcooled boiling heat transfer has been studied and discussed both experimentally and numerically. The Eulerian-Eulerian model and control volume technique have been used for numerical modeling of the problem. The experimental results show that the critical heat flux values are enhanced by making swirling flow. The experimental and numerical results also indicate that by making swirling flow inside the annulus, the subcooled boiling heat transfer coefficients are increased. Moreover, the experimental and numerical values of the boiling heat transfer coefficients show good agreement with each other.     

乙烷／丙烷混合工质流动沸腾传热研究

对乙烷、丙烷纯质及三种不同浓度比例的乙烷／丙烷二元混合物在内径为8mm的水平管内进行了饱和流动沸腾传热特性的实验研究,重点分析了热流密度、质量流量的变化对二元混合工质传热系数的影响。选用了4种专用于计算混合物流动换热的关联式,并与实验数据进行了比较,其中Gungor—Winterton and Thome关联式和Zou...