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有气流扰动下管流油水混合物粘度实验测量与计算模型 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用局部即时取样方法对水平管内油气水三相流动情况下各种混合比例的复杂混合物的流动粘度进行了实验研究,实验工质采用46号机械油、自来水和空气。以实验数据为基础提出了考虑流动参数变化影响的反相点预测关联式。考虑到管内油水两相的混合发展过程,以局部即时取样的实验数据为基础,提出了一个气流扰动下管内流动条件下油水混合物粘度的预测关系式,该模型考虑了油水两相本身的物性以及流动因素的影响。指出考虑流动参数影响的粘度预测模型能大大提高油气水三相流动情况下油水混合物实测粘度的预测精度。 相似文献
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为研究理论模型关联式对内螺纹管内流体冷凝压降的预测效果,本文首先对管内压降产生机制、理论模型拟合机理进行了阐述,而后基于4种内螺纹管内R1234yf流动冷凝压降实验数据,对所选的5个分相模型关联式、2个均相模型关联式的预测效果进行了校核。校核结果显示:由于关联式对管内流体流动机制的假设工况与流体实际流动工况相近,文献[12]、[13]提出的关联式对管内压降表现出较好的预测效果,而文献[8]、[15]基于人字齿管压降数据拟合的关联式均不适用于管内压降的预测,此外,文献[16]、[18]提出的均相模型关联式对管内压降的预测误差虽不大,但预测精度受肋片结构的影响较大。 相似文献
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为研究入口压力对天然气混合物超声速液化特性的影响规律,建立了三维双组分天然气混合物超声速凝结流动数学模型,对Laval喷管内双组分混合物凝结流动进行了数值模拟,得出了沿Laval喷管轴向的参数分布,通过开展双可凝组分气体凝结相变实验,对比发现数值模拟与实验结果基本一致,说明了所建立的数学模型及计算方法的正确性。还研究了入口压力对甲烷-乙烷混合物超声速液化特性的影响,结果表明,保持Laval喷管入口温度及组成不变,增大入口压力,混合气体成核位置前移,成核率、平均液滴半径、液相质量分数均随之增大,即入口压力越大,混合气体在Laval喷管内越易发生凝结,在实际生产中可以通过调节入口压力来促进天然气的凝结,提高Laval喷管的液化效率。 相似文献
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LNG冷能释放可分为液相区、气液两相潜热区和气相区,基于以上特点建立了与之相匹配分段的三级朗肯循环发电工艺,循环介质分别采用甲烷-乙烷-丙烷的混合物、乙烯和乙烷-丙烷-正戊烷的混合物。文章对此系统进行了模拟核算与热力学分析。结果表明,当气相区循环采用低温烟气余热时,LNG的冷能的效率可达到41.15%,比单级朗肯循环效率(21%)提高了20.15%。若三级循环均采用烟气余热作为热源时,LNG效率可达到54.33%,远远高于常规发电方式。当换热器1的出口温度为-98℃,换热器3的进口温度为-60℃时,该工艺的效率存在最大值58.45%。 相似文献
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1前言前文山提出了计算环状流和波状分层流型下非共沸混合工质在水平管内凝结的换热系数的折算方法。租界面温度Ti的取值对计算结果影响很大。现在常用的方法是根据液膜和气相区传热传质的经验公式确定问,不仅计算工作量大,且无公认的计算方式。这给工程计算带来许多不便。本文取Ti二(Tv十几w,即气相温度Tv和壁面温度见的算术平均值,以计算相界面上的平衡参数,并将前文中的折算因子计算式改为如下形式:对环状流将由于相界面温度的取法所引起的误差归于用实验数据确定的经验系数A、B与经验指数p、q。式中Ja为雅各布数,无量纲温度0… 相似文献
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Heat transfer at evaporation of falling films of Freon mixture on the smooth and structured surfaces
The paper presents the results of experimental investigation of heat transfer and hydrodynamics of falling films of binary
mixtures of R21 and R114 freons on the surfaces with complex configuration. The vertical tubes of 50-mm diameter with the
smooth and structured surfaces, made of D16T alloy, were used as the working sections. The range of film Reynolds number at
the inlet to the working section was Re =10÷155. The image of wave surface of the falling liquid film was visualized and recorded
by a high-speed digital video camera. At evaporation the heat transfer coefficients on the smooth and structured surfaces
are determined by the liquid flow rate and weakly depend on the heat flux. At low liquid flows, the heat transfer coefficients
on the structured surface decrease in comparison with the smooth surface because of liquid accumulation and enlargement of
efficient thickness in microtexture channels. At high liquid flows, a change in the structure of the wave film surface leads
to an increase in heat transfer coefficients in comparison with the smooth surface. 相似文献
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An experimental study of condensation heat transfer characteristics of flow inside horizontal micro-fin tubes is carried out using R410A, R22, and R32 as the test fluids. This study especially focuses on the influence of heat transfer area upon the condensation heat transfer coefficients. The test sections were made of double tubes using the counter-flow type; the refrigerants condensation inside the test tube enabled heat to exchange with cooling water that flows from the annular side. The saturation temperature and pressure of the refrigerants were measured at the inlet and outlet of the test sections to defined state of refrigerants, and the surface temperatures of the tube were measured. A differential pressure transducer directly measured the pressure drops in the test section. The heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops were calculated using the experimental data. The condensation heat transfer coefficient was measured at the saturation temperature of 48°C with mass fluxes of 50–380 kg/(m2s) and heat fluxes of 3–12 kW/m2. The values of experimental heat transfer coefficient results are compared with the predicted values from the existing correlations in the literature, and a new condensation heat transfer coefficient correlation is proposed. 相似文献
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研究非共沸混合工质R32/R134a(质量比,25%/75%)在水平微尺度通道内流动沸腾换热规律。在各种工况下进行了非共沸混合工质R32/R134a在水平微尺度管道内流动沸腾换热的实验,考察了质量流量G、热流密度q、质量干度x对微尺度通道内流动沸腾换热系数的影响。研究表明:在热流密度、质量流量都较低的区域,对细管道,换热系数与热流密度的关联度较大;而对微管道,换热系数受影响的因素比较多,并在干度为0.6时出现"干涸"现象,使得换热系数急剧下降。在质量流量高的区域,对细管道,热流密度对换热系数的影响很小;而对微尺度管道,当干度为0.06时换热系数发生转变,随质量干度的增加先减小后增大,热流密度增大到一定的阶段后,换热系数不再随热流密度变化。 相似文献
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The two-phase heat transfer coefficients of R404A and R134a in a smooth tube of 7.49-mm inner diameter were experimentally investigated at low heat and mass flux conditions. The test section is a 10-m-long counter-flow horizontal double-tube heat exchanger with refrigerant flow inside the tube and hot fluid in the annulus. The heat transfer coefficients along the length of the test section were measured experimentally under varied heat flux conditions between 4 and 18 kW m?2 and mass flux ranging between 57 and 102 kg m?2 s?1 (2.5 to 4.5 g s?1) for saturation temperatures of ?10°C, ?5°C, and 0°C. The saturation temperatures correspond to pressures of 4.4, 5.2, and 6.1 bar for R404A and 2.0, 2.4, and 3.0 bar for R134a, respectively. The results showed that under the tested conditions, the contribution of the nucleate boiling mechanism is predominant in the heat transfer coefficient throughout the flow boiling process. The Kattan–Thome–Favrat flow pattern maps confirm the occurrence of stratified and stratified-wavy flow patterns for all of the tested conditions. The average heat transfer coefficient of R404A is estimated to be 26 to 30% higher than that of R134a for the same saturation temperature. 相似文献
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Subcooled flow boiling heat transfer experiments were performed with water and ethylene glycol/water mixtures at five flow velocities and four fluid inlet temperatures. Both turbulent flow and laminar flow were tested in a special test facility with its experimental test section heated from the bottom surface only. Boiling curves and subcooled flow boiling heat transfer coefficients of the tested fluids were determined from the experimental measurements. Predictive correlations of the subcooled flow boiling heat transfer coefficients were developed based on the experimental data. Comparisons are presented of wall temperatures between the experimental measurements and the correlation predictions. 相似文献
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1引言降膜式蒸发器由于具有很高的换热强度和易操作性,在化工、食品、制冷和海水淡化等工业中得到了广泛的应用。对于垂直降膜的流动和换热特性,前人已经进行了很多的研究[‘-’]。但是绝大部分的研究工作都局限于单侧液膜的传热与流动问题,缺少对实际工程上采用的降膜蒸发器在同时考虑双侧传热时的实验结果。同时,大部分实验研究中采用恒热流的电加热方式,而对于工程上常用的蒸汽加热的恒壁温情况实验结果较少。此外,管壁材料对蒸发器换热性能的影响也需要进一步的研究。本文采用模拟工程上的竖直管降膜式蒸发实验装置,对不锈钢… 相似文献