钙钛矿锰氧化物(La1-xGdx)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7 (x=0, 0.025) 磁性和输运性质研究

采用传统的高温固相烧结法制备了双层钙钛矿锰氧化物(La_1-xGd_x)_4/3Sr_5/3Mn₂ O₇ (x=0, 0.025)多晶样品. 通过X射线衍射仪研究发现样品为Sr₃Ti₂O₇型四方结构, 空间群为I4/mmm; 磁性测量表明, Gd³⁺掺杂后的样品(La_0.975Gd_0.025)_4/3Sr_5/3Mn₂O₇的三维磁有序转变温度(T_C1^3D)、磁化强度(M)均降低, 这是由于Gd³⁺的掺杂引起晶格的畸变, 从而使得晶格常数发生改变, 减弱了铁磁耦合而导致的; 通过电子自旋共振谱测量发现, 在T_C^3D<T<300 K温度范围内, 两样品在顺磁的基体上均有短程的铁磁团簇存在, 出现了相分离现象. 电性测量表明: 两样品分别在T_C1^3D (La_4/3Sr_5/3Mn₂O₇ 样品的三维磁有序转变温度, T_C0^3D)<T<300 K温度范围内均以三维变程跳跃的方式导电, 分析得出Gd³⁺的掺杂使得载流子局域长度的减小. 这表明载流子需要吸收更多的能量才能克服晶格的束缚进行跳跃, 因此(La_0.975Gd_0.025)_4/3Sr_5/3Mn₂ O₇ 样品的电阻较高.     

Co掺杂对铁磁金属La0.8Sr0.2MnO3磁电阻影响机理

通过对La_0.8Sr_0.2Mn_1-yCo_yO₃(y≤02)饱和磁矩和输运的测量,研究了Co对La_0.8Sr_0.2MnO₃的磁电阻影响机制.结果表明,在La_0.8Sr_0.2Mn_1-yCo_yO₃（y≤02）中Co³⁺离子是低自旋态.由于Mn³⁺—O—Co³⁺—O—Mn³⁺类型的磁交换与Mn³⁺-Mn⁴⁺离子间双交换作用相比较弱,Curie温度T_C附近的磁电阻随着Co掺杂量的增加而降低.与此相反,由于Co²⁺离子与e_g巡游电子的反铁磁交换耦合作用,低温区间的磁电阻随着Co掺杂量的增加而升高. 关键词： 低自旋 磁电阻 磁交换作用     

Sr位Nd掺杂对SrBi$lt;sub$gt;2$lt;/sub$gt;Nb$lt;sub$gt;2$lt;/sub$gt;O$lt;sub$gt;9$lt;/sub$gt;性能的影响及机理研究

采用传统固相法制备了（Sr_1-3x/2A_x/2Nd_x）Bi₂Nb₂O₉（x=0,0.05,0.1和0.2）陶瓷,并系统研究了Nd离子取代Sr离子对SrBi₂Nb₂O₉性能的影响及其作用机理.研究结果表明：Sr_1-3x/2A_x/2Nd_xBi₂Nb₂O₉的介电常数和介电损耗随温度变化的行为具有明显的离子松弛极化特征.Nd³⁺对Sr²⁺的部分取代,导致Sr_1-3x/2A_x/2Nd_xBi₂Nb₂O₉剩余极化强度P_r稍有下降,但其压电系数d₃₃却有所增加,根据铁电热力学理论,这是Nd³⁺对Sr²⁺取代导致材料介电常数增大所致.Sr_1-3x/2A_x/2Nd_xBi₂Nb₂O₉的居里温度（T_C）没有随Nd含量的增加而变化,拉曼光谱技术分析表明这是其NbO₆八面体畸变程度没有发生变化所致.Nd³⁺取代Sr²⁺提高了材料的介电常数ε_r、压电系数d₃₃、机电耦合系数K_p,同时降低了机械品质因数Q_m,但是谐振频率温度系数C值没有改变. 关键词： 压电陶瓷 介电性能 压电性能 拉曼光谱     

Tb$lt;sub$gt;0.3$lt;/sub$gt;Dy$lt;sub$gt;0.6$lt;/sub$gt;Pr$lt;sub$gt;0.1$lt;/sub$gt;(Fe$lt;sub$gt;1-$lt;i$gt;x$lt;/i$gt;$lt;/sub$gt;Al$lt;sub$gt;$lt;i$gt;x$lt;/i$gt;$lt;/sub$gt;)$lt;sub$gt;1.95$lt;/sub$gt;合金的磁性、磁致伸缩和穆斯堡尔谱研究

系统研究了室温下Tb_0.3Dy_0.6Pr_0.1（Fe_1-xAl_x）_1.95 （x=0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2,0.25,0.3）合金中元素Al替代Fe对结构、磁性、磁致伸缩性能和自旋重取向的影响.测量结果发现,x<0.2时Tb_0.3Dy_0.6Pr_0.1（Fe_1-xAl_x）_1.95合金基本上是纯的单相,x=0.2时出现其他杂相,杂相随Al替代量的增加不断增多.随Al替代量x的增加,点阵常数a接近于线性增大,Curie温度T_C逐渐下降,而矫顽力H_c急剧下降.振动样品磁强计（VSM）测量发现,磁化强度M随Al替代量x的变化较为复杂.VSM计和磁致伸缩效应测量共同表明,少量Al的替代有利于降低磁晶各向异性,而且随着Al替代量x的增多磁致伸缩系数快速减小,x>0.15时巨磁致伸缩效应消失.穆斯堡尔效应研究发现,随Al含量的增加Tb_0.3Dy_0.6Pr_0.1（Fe_1-xAl_x）_1.95合金中易磁化轴可能在{110}面逐渐偏离了立方晶体的主对称轴,发生自旋重取向,从而引起合金宏观磁性、磁致伸缩性能的变化. 关键词： 磁致伸缩 立方Laves相 自旋重取向 穆斯堡尔谱     

Dy,Co共掺杂对BiFeO3陶瓷磁特性和磁相变温度Tc的影响

采用快速液相烧结法制备BiFeO₃和Bi_0.95Dy_0.05Fe_1-xCo_xO₃ (x=0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15)陶瓷样品. 实验结果表明: 所有样品的主衍射峰与纯相BiFeO₃相符合且具有良好的晶体结构, 随着Co³⁺掺杂量的增大, Bi_0.95Dy_0.05Fe_1-xCo_xO₃样品的主 衍射峰由双峰(104)与(110)逐渐重叠为单峰(110), 当掺杂量x>0.05时, 样品呈现正方晶系结构; SEM形貌分析可知: Dy³⁺, Co³⁺共掺杂使BiFeO₃晶粒尺度由原来的3—5 μ减小到约1 μ. 室温下, BiFeO₃样品表现出较弱的铁磁性, 随着Dy³⁺和Co³⁺掺杂, BiFeO₃样品的铁磁性显著提高. 在外加磁场为30 kOe的作用下, Bi_0.95Dy_0.05Fe_1-xCo_xO₃ (x=0.05, 0.1, 0.15)的M_r分别为0.43, 0.489, 0.973 emu/g; M_S分别为0.77, 1.65, 3.08 emu/g. BiFeO₃和Bi_0.95Dy_0.05Fe_1-xCo_xO₃样品磁矩M随着温度T的升高而逐渐减小, Dy掺杂使BiFeO₃样品的T_N由644 K升高到648 K, 而T_C基本没有变化. Dy和Co共掺杂导致BiFeO₃样品磁相变温度T_C由870 K降低到780 K, 其T_C变化主要取决于Fe-O-Fe反铁磁超交换作用的强弱和磁结构的相对稳定性. 关键词： 铁磁电材料 磁滞回线 磁相变温度     

层状钙钛矿La1.3Sr1.7Mn2-xCuxO7的磁性及电特性

通过固相反应烧结法成功制备了层状钙钛矿La_1.3Sr_1.7Mn_2-xCu_xO₇多晶,主要研究了其磁电特性.结果表明,样品为Sr₃Ti₂O₇型钙钛矿结构.随着温度的降低,其磁性经历了一个很复杂的转变过程.当x=0时,在T^*=231K出现二维短程铁磁有序,在< 关键词： 层状钙钛矿 磁性 电特性     

晶粒尺寸对Ba$lt;sub$gt;0.70$lt;/sub$gt;Sr$lt;sub$gt;0.30$lt;/sub$gt;TiO$lt;sub$gt;3$lt;/sub$gt;陶瓷介电性能的影响规律及机理研究

通过制备晶粒尺寸处于0.1—10 μm之间的致密Ba_0.70Sr_0.30TiO₃陶瓷,系统研究了晶粒尺寸对居里温度T_C、铁电相介电常数ε_F、峰值介电常数ε_M的影响规律,并深入分析了其内在的影响机理.研究表明：晶粒尺寸减小时,T_C刚开始基本不变,直到晶粒尺寸小到一定程度时才开始降低,此变化规律可由Buesseum的内应力模型解释;随晶粒尺寸的增加,ε_F先增加后减小,此变化规律可由Shaikh的串并联模型来解释,主要影响因素有内应力、畴、晶界;ε_M随晶粒尺寸的增加,在晶粒尺寸较小时先增加后减小,晶粒尺寸较大时略有增加,此变化规律可由弥散相变理论和串并联模型共同解释,在晶粒尺寸较小时主要影响因素为内应力、微畴和晶界,晶粒尺寸较大时主要影响因素为晶界. 关键词： 0.70Sr_0.30TiO₃陶瓷')" href="#">Ba_0.70Sr_0.30TiO₃陶瓷 介电常数 居里温度 晶粒尺寸     

尖晶石铁氧体TixNi1-xFe2O4中阳离子分布和Ti离子磁矩的实验研究

采用固相反应法制备了系列样品Ti_xNi_1-xFe₂O₄ (x=0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4). 室温下的X射线衍射谱表明样品全部为(A)[B]₂O₄型单相立方尖晶石结构, 属于空间群Fd3m. 样品的晶格常数随Ti掺杂量的增加而增大. 样品在10 K温度下的比饱和磁化强度σ_S随着Ti掺杂量x的增加逐渐减小. 研究发现, 当Ti掺杂量x≥ 0.2时, 磁化强度σ随温度T的变化曲线出现两个转变温度T_L和T_N. 当温度低于T_N时, 磁化强度明显减小; 当温度达到T_N时, dσ/dT具有最大值. σ-T曲线的这些特征表明, 由于Ti掺杂在样品中出现了附加的反铁磁结构. 这说明样品中的Ti离子不是无磁性的+4价离子, 而是以+2和+3价态存在, 其离子磁矩的方向与Fe和Ni离子的磁矩方向相反. 利用本课题组提出的量子力学方势垒模型拟合样品在10 K温度下的磁矩, 得到了Ti, Fe和Ni三种阳离子在(A)位和[B]位的分布情况, 并发现在所有掺杂样品中, 80%的Ti离子以+2价态占据尖晶石结构的[B]位.     

Eu掺杂TbMnO3多晶材料的介电性质

采用固相反应法制备了Tb_0.8Eu_0.2MnO₃多晶材料.对样品的X射线衍射（XRD）分析表明Eu³⁺固溶于TbMnO₃中.测量了样品在低温(100 K ≤T≤ 300 K)和低频下(200 Hz≤f≤100 kHz)的复介电性质.在此温度区间内发现了两个介电弛豫峰.经分析认为低温峰（T≈170 K）起源于局域载流子漂移引起的偶极子极化效应,而高温峰（T≈290 K）则是由离子电导产生的边界和界面层的电容效应引起的.电阻率的测量显示在低温下（T≈230 K）存在明显的导电机制转变. 关键词： 多铁性材料 掺杂 介电性质     

CO$lt;sub$gt;2$lt;/sub$gt;激光烧结合成负热膨胀材料Sc$lt;sub$gt;2$lt;/sub$gt;($lt;i$gt;M$lt;/i$gt;O$lt;sub$gt;4$lt;/sub$gt;)$lt;sub$gt;3$lt;/sub$gt;($lt;i$gt;M$lt;/i$gt;=W,Mo)及其拉曼光谱

用CO₂激光烧结合成了负热膨胀材料Sc₂(WO₄)₃和Sc₂(MoO₄)₃. 实验表明, 激光合成负热膨胀材料Sc₂(WO₄)₃和Sc₂(MoO₄)₃属于快速合成技术, 合成一个样品的时间仅需几秒到十几秒, 具有快速凝固的特征; X射线衍射和拉曼光谱分析表明, 所合成的材料为正交相结构, 且具有较高的纯度; 变温拉曼光谱分析表明, 所合成的材料在室温以上没有相变, 但可能有微弱的吸水性; 在对Sc₂O₃, MoO₃, WO₃, Sc₂(MoO₄)₃和Sc₂(WO₄)₃拉曼光谱分析的基础上, 给出了激光光子能量及原料和合成产物的声子能级图, 分析了激光烧结合成的机理. 激光光子能量转化为激发声子的能量是光热转化的主要通道, 原料在熔池中反应并快速凝固形成最终产物. 关键词： 负热膨胀材料 合成 激光烧结 拉曼光谱     

钙钛矿锰氧化物(La_(1-x)Eu_x)_(4/3)Sr_(5/3)Mn_2O_7(x=0,0.15)的磁性和电性研究

通过传统固相反应法制备了钙钛矿锰氧化物(La1-xEux)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7(x=0,0.15)多晶样品,并且对其磁性和电性进行了研究.磁性测量表明:随着温度的降低,样品经历了一个复杂的转变过程,在温度为T*时经历二维短程铁磁有序转变,在温度为TC时进入三维长程铁磁态.随着Eu的掺杂,T*和TC减小,并且样品(La0.85Eu0.15)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7在低温区表现出自旋玻璃行为.电性质测量表明:在母体La4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7中La位掺杂Eu后电阻率明显变大,金属绝缘转变温度TMI降低,磁电阻峰值增大.这些影响归因于较小的Eu3+离子替代La3+离子导致平均离子半径减小,晶格发生畸变.此外,较小的Eu3+离子优先占据层间岩盐层的R-site,使La3+,Sr3+,Eu3+离子在(La0.85Eu0.15)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7中的分布更加有序,所以x=0.15的样品的ρ-T曲线只有一个峰.     

Tb掺杂双层锰氧化物La_(4/3)Sr_(5/3)Mn_2O_7的磁熵变和电输运性质

研究了Tb掺杂对双层锰氧化物La_(4/3)Sr_(5/3)Mn_2O_7磁熵变和电输运性质的影响.样品采用传统固相反应法制备,两样品的名义组分可以表示为(La_(1-x)Tb_x)_(4/3)Sr_(5/3)Mn_2O_7(x=0,0.025),磁场为7 T时的最大磁熵变?S_M分别为-4.60 J/(kg·K)和-4.18 J/(kg·K).比较后发现,Tb元素的掺杂使得最大磁熵变值减小,但同时增大了相对制冷温区.电性测量结果表明,x=0.025的样品在高温区的导电机制可以用小极化子模型解释,与母体三维变程跳跃模型不同;当温度降低至三维长程铁磁有序温度(T_c~(3D))附近时,掺杂样品发生金属绝缘相变;掺杂后样品在T_c~(3D)附近,磁电阻取得极大值(约为56%),表明是本征磁电阻效应.     

An electron spin resonance study of Eu doping effect in La_(4/3)Sr_(5/3)Mn_2O_7 single crystal

The effect of Eu3+ion doping in the La sites of single-crystal La4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7was investigated. Electron spin resonance(ESR) was applied to La4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7and(La0.8Eu0.2)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7single crystals. A phase separation and phase transitions were observed from the ESR spectra data. Between 350 K and 300 K, both paramagnetic resonance(PMR)and anisotropic ferromagnetic resonance(FMR) lines were observed in the ab plane and the c axis direction, suggesting a coexistence of the paramagnetic(PM) phase and the ferromagnetic(FM) phase. The magnetization measurement reveals a spin-glass-like behavior in single-crystal(La0.8Eu0.2)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7below the temperature of spin freezing Tf(～ 29.5 K).     

The unusual magnetotransport properties of La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 with Nb2O5 addition

Enhancements of the low-field (LFMR) and high-field magnetoresistance (HFMR) were observed in the manganite system prepared by doping Nb₂O₅ into La_0.67Sr_0.33MnO₃ powders. The maximum MR ratios at 77 K with H=1 T and 1 kOe are 30% and 20% for the 0.07 molar ratio doped sample, which are 1.7 times and 1.6 times as large as that for LSMO, respectively. An MR effect up to 6.5% was also found for the sample with x=0.03 at room temperature (RT). The spin-dependent tunneling and scattering at the interfaces of grain boundaries are responsible for the LFMR while the HFMR originates from a noncollinear spin structure in the surface layer. With increasing x, the Curie temperature (T_C) decreases monotonically from 364 to 154 K while the temperature T_P related to the peak resistivity decreases firstly to a minimum of 204 K (x=0.06) and then rises up to 240 K (x=0.1). There is a maximum resistivity ρ for the sample with x=0.06, which is higher than that for LSMO by five orders of magnitude. It is due to the enhancement of spin-dependent and independent scattering and tunneling effects on the interfaces of grain boundaries and inside the grains.     

Low temperature magnetotransport properties of La0.55Ho0.15Sr0.3MnO3

Magnetotransport data measured in thin films of La_0.55Ho_0.15Sr_0.3MnO₃ down to very low temperatures (0.25 K) are reported. The samples presented colossal magnetoresistance with a T_C close to 200 K. A minimum in the resistance vs. T curve and a drop in the ZFC magnetization were also observed. It was also found a T-dependent relaxation effect after the magnetic field was either applied or removed. These results can be understood within the framework where electronic scattering occurs across magnetic domain walls in a reentrant spin-glassy-like phase.     

Magnetic pair making and breaking effect of Ru in La0.7Sr0.3Mn0.9Ru0.1O3 and La0.5Sr0.5Co0.9Ru0.1O3

The substitutional effect of Ru on the magnetic and transport properties of double exchange ferromagnets, La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ and La_0.5Sr_0.5CoO₃ has been investigated. It is found that substitution of 10% Ru at the Mn site of La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ decreases the Curie temperature by 20 K than that of the parent compound. However, a large decrease in the Curie temperature, ΔT_c80 K and the system undergoes a transition from metallic state to insulating state is observed when 10% Ru is doped in La_0.5Sr_0.5CoO₃. The marginal effect of Ru in the Mn–O–Mn sublattice in comparison to the Co–O–Co sublattice could be due to the magnetic exchange interaction between Mn and Ru by virtue of the fact that Ru exhibits variable valence states, Ru⁺⁴/Ru⁺⁵. The e_g and t_2g parentage of Ru⁺⁵ is similar to Mn⁺⁴ and therefore, Ru⁺⁵ ion appears to participate in the double exchange mediated ferromagnetic (FM) interaction. On the other hand, Ruthenium (IV) ion disrupts an intermediate spin state of cobalt (Co⁺³: t_2g⁵e_g¹), forcing a double exchange FM state to anti-FM state.     

The nuclear contribution to the specific heat of single crystals of YBa2Cu3O7 and Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8

Specific heat data below 1 K of Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O₈ and YBa₂Cu₃O₇ are analyzed. For YBa₂Cu₃O₇ the nuclear specific heat, C_N, amounts to 38T⁻² μJ/mol K. C_N for Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O₈ exceeds that of YBa₂Cu₃O₇ by a factor of 15. The nuclear quadrupolar specific heat contribution alone is insufficient to explain the data for YBa₂Cu₃O₇, while lack of NQR data does not allow such a comparison in Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O₈ to be made. The contribution to C_N from nuclear spins coupled via the contact hyperfine interaction with correlated magnetic spins (in the CuO₂ plane) is derived as a function of the correlation length. This contribution can be treated independently from the quadrupolar term. We show that the excess specific heat in YBa₂Cu₃O₇ likely originates in a few percentage of an impurity (oxygen deficient) phase with a strong hyperfine field on the Cu nuclei.     

Direct measurement of the magnetocaloric effect in La0.67Ca0.33MnO3

Polycrystalline perovskite La_0.67Ca_0.33MnO₃ was synthesized by a sol–gel method. Its adiabatic temperature change ΔT_ad induced by a magnetic field change was measured directly. At 268 K, near its Curie temperature T_C, ΔT_ad of La_0.67Ca_0.33MnO₃ induced by a magnetic field change of 2.02 T reaches 2.4 K. The latent heat Q and magnetic entropy change −ΔS_M induced by a magnetic field change were calculated from the temperature dependence of ΔT_ad and zero-field heat capacity C_p. The maximum values of Q and −ΔS_M in La_0.67Ca_0.33MnO₃ induced by a magnetic field change of 2.02 T are 1.85 J g⁻¹ and 6.9 J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹, respectively. The former is larger than the phase transition latent heat of heating or cooling, which is about 1.70 J g⁻¹.