Theoretical statistical solution and numerical simulation of heterogeneous brittle materials

The analytical stress-strain relation with heterogeneous parameters is derived for theheterogeneous brittle materials under a uniaxial extensional load, in which the distributions of theelastic modulus and the failure strength are assumed to be statistically independent. This theoreticalsolution gives an approximate estimate of the equivalent stress-strain relations for 3-D heterogeneousmaterials. In one-dimensional cases it may provide comparatively accurate results. The theoreticalsolution can help us to explain how the heterogeneity influences the mechanical behaviors, Further, anumerical approach is developed to model the non-linear behavior of three-dimensional heterogeneousbrittle materials. The lattice approach and statistical techniques are applied to simulate the initialheterogeneity of heterogeneous materials. The load increment in each loading stage is adaptivelydetermined so that the better approximation of the failure process can be realized. When the maximumtensile principal strain exceeds the failure strain, the elements are considered to be broken, which canbe carried out by replacing its Young‘s modulus with a very small value. A 3-D heterogeneous brittlematerial specimen is simulated during a full failure process. The numerical results are in good agreementwith the analytical solutions and experimental data.     

三维非均匀脆性材料破坏过程的数值模拟

采用有限元方法模拟了三维均匀固体材料在宏观等效力学性质和破坏过程。首先采用格形（lattice）方法把试件离散成三维均匀网格,在每个单元格中将材料按照均匀处理,根据给定的统计规则来确定不同单元格中的材料常数以反映材料的非均匀性。然后对非均匀脆性材料选用简单的本构关系与断裂准则,采用自适应选取载荷步长对试件进行加载,通过非平衡迭代技术对刚度矩阵进行不断修正,实现了非均匀脆性材料的弹性行为及破坏过程的数值模拟。在此基础上,通过数值计算研究了材料的非均匀分布对宏观等效力学性质和破坏过程的影响,给出了破坏全过程的非线性载荷－位移曲线以及不同载荷阶段的三维损伤破坏的演化图。     

薄板弯曲问题的P型杂交解析有限元方法

本文采用两套变量构造有限元试函数空间，在单元内部要求试函数精确满足平衡微分方程，在单元边界上对位移和转角分别用Ｐｅａｎｏ升阶函数插值，然后利用广义变分原理建立了一种薄板弯曲问题的Ｐ型杂交解析有限方法，与常规有限元法相比，该方法不心进行过细的网格剖分，通过增加单元插值多项式的阶数Ｐ来提高精度，此外，该方法还具有积分计算只需在单元边界上进行、单元钢度矩阵和载荷向量具有嵌入结构、协调程度可以自动控制等优     

液体空分流程形式浅析

通过对全液体空分装置不同流程组织形式进行分析和模拟计算、能耗与投资的比较,根据不同规格的产品要求,进行合适的流程形式选择,以可达到节能降耗的目的。     

160-Gb/s polarization-multiplexing optical NRZ-DQPSK transmission using differential detection

Using differential detection,we perform polarization-multiplexing 160-Gb/s optical non-return-to-zero(NRZ) differential quadrature phase shift keying(DQPSK) signal transmission over 100-km standard single mode fiber at a bit error rate(BER) of less than 10-9.The enabling technology includes clock recovery,fine dispersion compensation,and polarization tracking for de-multiplexing.Furthermore,a hybrid clock recovery scheme is proposed.The scheme is realized with ordinary devices using an optoelectrical modula...     

LPS，精益生产绩效管理好工具

“用一个指标（如投资报酬率）就可以判断公司精益生产的推行是否成功,那该多好!”这番话出自一位经理,其公司刚开始推行精益生产。事实上,不止他一个人有这样的想法。     

Highly linear transmission and EVM improvement of vector modulation signals for radio-over-fiber applications

The principle of error vector magnitude (EVM) against modulator nonlinearity for vector modulation signal (VMS) transmission in radio-over-fiber (RoF) systems is theoretically and experimentally investigated. A highly linear modulation scheme is proposed and demonstrated using a single-drive dual parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM). This method improves EVM performance and enlarges the linear input dynamic range of the VMS transmission. An index of maximum allowable input power difference (MAIPD) that reflects the difference of upper input power limits between these two schemes is measured. An EVM limitation of 5% MAIPD has 5 dB. Both 16and 64-QAM results indicate that the proposed scheme supports VMS transmission better than the MZM one.     

平均场动力学与冷密夸克物质色导率

首先介绍了非Abel输运理论基础,然后在经典非Abel输运理论的基础上引入并评述了平均场动力学.作为应用,研究了有限化学势下冷密夸克物质系统的色动力学并计算出了色导率.最后比较了有限温度和有限化学势下的结果,讨论了其在天体物理领域的潜在价值.     

提高双参量光纤传感器精度的一种方法

分析了光纤传感器进行双参量测量时，系数矩阵的态性对待测量精度的影响，提出采用对系数矩阵进行预处理的方法，使得处理后的矩阵由病态变成良态。用方法对文献「４」和文献「５」给出的系数矩阵分别进行了处理。处理后，文献「４」系数矩阵的条件数从３４２降低到４，文献「５」系数矩阵的条件数从１６１降低到３，传感器输出不确定主降低了两个数量级。     

Tb0.3Dy0.7(Fe1-xAlx)1.95合金的磁致伸缩、自旋重取向和穆斯堡尔谱研究

系统研究了室温下Tb0.3Dy0.7(Fe1-xAlx)1.95(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2,0.25,0.3,0.35)合金中金属Al替代Fe对晶体结构、磁致伸缩、各向异性和自旋重取向的影响.结果发现,x<0.4时,Tb0.3Dy0.7(Fe1-xAlx)1.95完全保持MgCl2立方Laves相结构,晶格常量a随Al含量x的增加而增大.磁致伸缩测量发现,随着替代量x的增多磁致伸缩减小,x>0.15时超磁致伸缩效应消失;x<0.15时磁致伸缩在低场下(H≤4kA/m)有小幅增加,高场下迅速减小,而且易趋于饱和,说明添加少量Al有助于减小磁晶各向异性.内禀磁致伸缩λ111随Al替代量x的增加大幅度降低.对于0≤x<0.15,穆斯堡尔效应表明,随Al含量的增加Tb0.3Dy0.7(Fe1-xAlx)1.95合金中发生了自旋重取向,易磁化方向经历了[111]→[u v 0]→[u v w]的转变.由相对磁化率随温度的变化关系可以看出,Al替代Fe使自旋重取向温度降低.当x=0.15时,Tb0.3Dy0.7(Fe1-xAlx)1.95合金中出现了少量非磁性相;x>0.15时,合金在室温下呈现顺磁性.